Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

[Esej] II wojna światowa w pamięci Polaków

100%

Suleja W.

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nr 2

51-58

2

PREHĽAD ŠIFIER POUŽÍVANÝCH NA SLOVENSKU POČAS DRUHEJ SVETOVEJ VOJNY: 2. ČASŤ – DIPLOMATICKÉ ŠIFRY

86%

Antal E. , Grošek O. , Zajac P.

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nr 3

95 - 108

EN

Activity of the Orava Military Group during the Slovak National Uprising in September 1944 and the transfer of its remains in early October 1944 is one of the interesting chapters of the resistance against Germans. Transfer to the rebel territory was associated with the German occupation of the municipality of Párnica on the 1st October 1944, when the group commander, General Staff Major Dušan Jamriška concluded that the time had come to leave Lučivná u Párnice. The transfer to the rebel territory was taking place in several groups, lasting for about three days. Upon arriving at the rebel territory, both the officers and soldiers of the Orava Military Group engaged in the combat activity within the rebel army.

3

„Talent to dobro powierzone...” – etyka chrześcijańska w postawie twórczej i życiowej Witolda Lutosławskiego

81%

Bolesławska-Lewandowska B. , Karcz B. , Tyrała R. , Zając A. , Delimat W. , Janicki J. J. , Malik J. , Sterczewska L. , UPJPII i. , Pasek W. , Karcz B. , Malik J. , Sterczewska L. , UPJPII i. , Pasek W.

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tom 11

EN

„Talent is a form of wealth entrusted to us” – these words may serve as Witold Lutosławski’s motto. He repeated them often and at many occasions, emphasising that each creative artist is obliged to treat his talent carefully and develop it to produce great results for public consumption. This corresponds well with Biblical parable on talents but does it mean that Lutosławski was a religious man? Was Christian ethic important to him? In his music there is no much connection with religion – only his youthful Lacrimosa for soprano, choir and orchestra, and the arrangements of traditional Polish Christmas carols, composed shortly after the Second World War, present his direct relations to religious inspirations. However, he did not like to talk about his beliefs and worldview, especially in the context of his own music, which for him always was abstract and free from any extra-musical features. But his attitude to composing, as well as to the public activity, reveals many connections with Christianity values. He was brought up in the family of strongly catholic and patriotic beliefs, connected with high moral principles. An atmosphere of Lutosławskis’ family, which belonged to the intellectual elites of pre-war Poland, made strong influence on young Witold. For the rest of his life he felt obliged to pay his duties both as a composer and as a man of a high moral standards. He not only concentrated on his creative work (though it was his main life obligation) but searched for public weal in his social activity, always aiming „to behave decently”. This corresponds perfectly with Christian ethic and indeed in one of his interviews Lutosławski openly admitted that not only his worldview was formed by Catholicism, towards which he remained faithful, but also that in his opinion Christian ethic remains pre-eminent among all ethic systems formed by the humanity.

PL

„Talent is a form of wealth entrusted to us” – these words may serve as Witold Lutosławski’s motto. He repeated them often and at many occasions, emphasising that each creative artist is obliged to treat his talent carefully and develop it to produce great results for public consumption. This corresponds well with Biblical parable on talents but does it mean that Lutosławski was a religious man? Was Christian ethic important to him? In his music there is no much connection with religion – only his youthful Lacrimosa for soprano, choir and orchestra, and the arrangements of traditional Polish Christmas carols, composed shortly after the Second World War, present his direct relations to religious inspirations. However, he did not like to talk about his beliefs and worldview, especially in the context of his own music, which for him always was abstract and free from any extra-musical features. But his attitude to composing, as well as to the public activity, reveals many connections with Christianity values. He was brought up in the family of strongly catholic and patriotic beliefs, connected with high moral principles. An atmosphere of Lutosławskis’ family, which belonged to the intellectual elites of pre-war Poland, made strong influence on young Witold. For the rest of his life he felt obliged to pay his duties both as a composer and as a man of a high moral standards. He not only concentrated on his creative work (though it was his main life obligation) but searched for public weal in his social activity, always aiming „to behave decently”. This corresponds perfectly with Christian ethic and indeed in one of his interviews Lutosławski openly admitted that not only his worldview was formed by Catholicism, towards which he remained faithful, but also that in his opinion Christian ethic remains pre-eminent among all ethic systems formed by the humanity.

4

Po stopách "krvavých průvodců" Jiřího Padevěta : Padevět, Jiří: Krvavé finále: Jaro 1945 v českých zemích; Padevět, Jiří: Krvavé léto 1945: Poválečné násilí v českých zemích

72%

Dvořák T.

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tom 27

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nr 1

116-126

EN

Both publications (The Bloody Finals: The spring of 1945 in the Czech Lands and The Bloody Summer of 1945: Post-war violence in the Czech Lands) are extensive historical textual-and-pictorial guidebooks mapping the geography of violence in the Czech Lands in the end of the Second World War and shortly thereafter, and as such fit well into the broader portfolio of works of this type written by Jiří Padevět. In the reviewer’s opinion, the books are primarily intended as documentary, popularization and educational publications and therefore lack many attributes of a regular historical work, but their reflections in the media and society, which make their author a respected authority in the interpretation of modern Czech history, justify and perhaps even necessitate subjecting the books to a critical review. While fully respecting the author’s intentions and motives, which aim at a remedial selfreflection of the nation’s past and which he has obviously succeeded to achieve, there is one outstanding problem, namely that the books do not contain any definition of the genre selected by the author and its principles; the same applies to the theoretico-methodological basis. In addition, they neither contain an adequate reflection of previous research results nor provide an adequate publishing service and give up any attempt at an interpretation. In the reviewer’s opinion, the guidebooks lack relevant instructions for use and a key allowing the reader to evaluate the accumulated empirical information they contain. The reviewer further focuses on whether and how the two books advance historical knowledge, the questions they open, what they bring from the viewpoint of historical culture, and on their editorial and publishing quality.

CS

Obě publikace mají charakter rozsáhlých historických textově-obrazových průvodců, mapujících geografii násilí v českých zemích v závěru druhé světové války a po jejím skončení, a řadí se do širší produkce tohoto typu z pera Jiřího Padevěta. Podle recenzenta tyto svazky mají sice primárně dokumentační, popularizační a osvětové cíle a postrádají řadu atributů odborné historické práce, avšak jejich mediální a společenský ohlas, který autorovi a jeho dílu propůjčuje velkou autoritu při výkladu moderních českých dějin, zakládá oprávnění a snad i nutnost podrobit je kritické reflexi. Při plném respektu k autorovým záměrům a motivům, které míří k ozdravné sebereflexi národní minulosti a které se mu zřejmě daří naplňovat, však zůstává problémem, že v uvedených pracích není nijak definován zvolený žánr a jeho zásady, stejně jako nejsou naznačena teoreticko-metodologická východiska. Vedle toho neobsahují dostatečnou reflexi dosavadního výzkumu ani nenabízejí náležitý ediční servis a zcela rezignují na snahu o interpretaci. Průvodcům tak podle recenzenta schází relevantní návod k použití i klíč k vyhodnocení nahromaděných empirických poznatků. Dále se recenzent soustředí na otázky, zda a jak obě publikace posunují historické poznání a jaké problémy otevírají, co přinášejí z hlediska historické kultury a jaká je úroveň jejich redakčního a edičního zpracování.

5

Gunter Scholze, “Wir hatten Glück!”

58%

Matuszyk M.

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tom 5

229-257

EN

In his narrative, Professor Gunter Scholze talks both about the escape and relocation from the Silesia region to the British Occupation Zone of Occupation in Germany after WWII, and about his family’s difficult beginnings in North Rhine-Westphalia, which after the war became a new Heimat for him and his family. The Scholze family began their exodus in January 1945, when little Gunter was evacuated from Oppeln together with his mother and brother. Till the end of the war the three of them wandered all over Silesia searching for a safe place to stay. When the war ended, they found themselves in Bad Kudova, a place where many Silesian refugees found shelter. This was also the place where they were rejoined with the father. On 9th June, 1945, in accordance with the Potsdam agreement, the whole family were resettled to the British Zone of Occupation in Germany. Professor Scholze often underlines how lucky his family were throughout this time.

6

Seznamy vězňů tzv. cikánských koncentračních táborů očima onomastiky

58%

Dvořáková Ž.

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tom 66

65-83

EN

Two concentration camps were established for Roma people in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in 1942. Roma from Bohemia were deported to Lety and Roma from Moravia to the camp near Hodonín u Kunštátu, before most of them were murdered in the “Gypsy family camp” (Zigeunerlager) in Auschwitz II. Birkenau. The lists of prisoners are valuable not only for historians (they were published previously by the historian Ctibor Nečas), but also for onomastics, as they allow us to analyse the naming practise of Czech and Moravian Roma in the pre-war period. There are 325 unique surnames on these lists, with most of them being Czech or German, and they thus demonstrate the connection with the territory and its language(s). The study discusses the most common Roma surnames in Moravia (e.g. Daniel, Holomek, Burianský) and in Bohemia (e.g. Růžička, Janeček, Vrba) as well as the surnames of Sinti living in the Czech borderland regions (e.g. Winter). It is shown that the surnames of Roma from Bohemia and Moravia were different due to the historical and social reasons. They were mostly derived from personal names (e.g. Florián) and place names (e.g. Dubský), they were motivated by the occupation adopted (e.g. Kovář ‘smith’) or the character and appearance of the individual (e.g. Malík ‘small’). After the war, only 583 of the 4,870 Roma who had been imprisoned returned.

CS

Na území Protektorátu Čechy a Moravy byly v roce 1942 zřízeny dva tzv. cikánské koncentrační tábory. Romové z Čech byly deportováni do tábora v Letech, Romové z Moravy a Slezska do tábora nedaleko Hodonína u Kunštátu. Většina z nich poté byla zavražděna v “cikánském rodinném táboře” (Zigeunerlager) v Osvětimi II. Březince. Seznamy vězňů jsou velmi cenné nejen pro historiky (byly vydány historikem Ctiborem Nečasem), ale i pro onomastiky, neboť nám dovolují nahlédnout do pojmenovávacích zvyklostí českých a moravských Romů v předválečném období. Na těchto seznamech nacházíme 325 příjmení. Většina z nich je česká, popř. německá, a dokládají tak sepětí s tímto územím a jeho jazykem/jazyky. Studie analyzuje nejčastější příjmení na Moravě (např. Daniel, Holomek a Burianský) i v Čechách (např. Růžička, Vrba a Janeček), stejně jako příjmení Sintů žijících v oblasti Sudet (např. Winter, Bernhardt). Ukazuje se, že příjmení Romů v Čechách a na Moravě byla odlišná, což bylo dáno historickými a sociálními příčinami. Nejčastěji byla odvozena z osobních jmen (např. Florián) nebo toponym (např. Dubský), byla motivována povoláním (např. Kovář) nebo charakterem a vzhledem (např. Malík). Po válce se z 4 870 Romů vrátilo jen 583.

7

Broń maszynowa, towarzysząca i przeciwpancerna batalionów piechoty Wojska Polskiego w 1939 r.

58%

Paluch M.

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nr 2

441-457

PL

Artykuł zawiera najnowsze wyniki badań i analizy dotyczące jakościowego i ilościowego potencjału karabinów maszynowych, artylerii towarzyszącej i broni przeciwpancernej, którymi dysponowały bataliony piechoty Wojska Polskiego w momencie wybuchu II wojny światowej. Autor porównuje również możliwości bojowe sprzętu piechoty polskiej i niemieckiej we wrześniu 1939 r.

8

Christine Przybyła-Long, “And she helped four thousand people become citizens of the United States”

51%

Wojdon J.

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2016

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tom 6

133-158

PL

Christine Przybyła-Long is one of the 9 milion Americans of Polish origins living in the United States. Her descendatns came to Chicago during the mass migration from the turn of 20th century and she was born there in 1931. In her account Christine Przybyła-Long tells about her childhood and a life of a family belonging to the “Old Polonia”. She gives a lot of attention to the situation of Poles who migrated to the United States after WWII and to her own political involvement into Polish American affairs after 1990, that was crucial in the case of granting four thousand people american visas.