Czech Theory of Literary Onomastics Literary onomastics is relatively young discipline of research. We can find few articles about literary names in 1950’s. However, literary names have been studying systematically since 1970 in our country. Especially analysis of concrete literary work and work of one author were in a centre of interest in the first period of research. They were focused on language structure of names, choosing or creating names, their aesthetic function etc. The first Czech theoretical article about names in literature was written by K. Hausenblas in 1976. In the second period of research (in 1980’s) many material studies were published. Especially literary anthroponyms were analyzed. Problems of translation of names were discussed as well. Theoretical studies of this period were concentrated on functions and social aspects of literary names (e. g. M. Knappová, M. Majtán). In 1990 the first conference about literary onomastics took place in Prešov (Slovakia). Since 1990’s literary onomastics has been also occupying by literary toponyms or zoonyms. Many diploma theses were written about names in literature. However, there were felt a lack of theoretical and methodological background (R. Šrámek). Important studies were published during last years (D. Hodrová, L. Jungmannová). In 2008 the second conference about literary onomastics was organized in Hradec Králové.
Polish gerontological literature includes a large collection of theory that tries to explain the mechanisms of aging. Scholars usually focus on presenting some selected theoretical conceptions in detail. That is why the author of this article makes an attempt to answer the question about the purpose of formulating theories of aging. Moreover, the article diagnoses the current condition of the theory development in gerontology, as well as the shortcomings of laying theoretical foundations for this scientific discipline.
The study focuses on the issues of the end of postmodernism in relation to changes and trends in contemporary art and theory. The author tries to approach what comes after postmodernism using several various contemporary theoretical concepts by Alan Kirby, Jeffrey T. Nealon and Timotheus Vermeulen and Robin van den Akker. The author then relates these concepts to novels of contemporary French writer Michel Houellebecq. Finding the connections to the concepts of intensification and comodification, as well as New Romanticism, author confirms that Houellebecq is a writer, who cannot be reliably classified as postmodern author, but rather the author of era of transition.
In this text, the author tries to make the interpretation of the term „elite” and organize and describe the most common definition of the phenomenon and the concept of the elite. Analysis have been selected views presented in the literature that illustrate the classic and contemporary dimension to the concept of elites and allow the answer to the question formulated in the subject line.
The idea of conceptual scheme is clearly present in the classical and modern sociological theory. However, contemporary sociological thinking is highly critical of it and in its radical versions this idea is dismissed altogether. This article traces various historically formed insights into the nature of concept formation in sociology and tries to demonstrate that without the attempts at creating a coherent conceptual scheme, sociology would be deprived of any possibility to push through a specifically sociological perspective on the social world. Talcott Parsons' conceptual level of theory is examined in detail and taken as an example of a viable theoretical approach based on the transformation of sociological concepts. The account of the sociological dilemma of scheme and reality is brought together with Donald Davidson's argument against the dogma of scheme and reality. The idea of a conceptual scheme has been discredited in contemporary thinking together with the idea and the project of (grand) general theory of society. It is argued that from the generalizing critique of the idea of general theory it does not follow that sociology does not need sound concepts. If it were so then no sociological knowledge that would not refer only to itself would be possible.
The industrial architecture of the 19th and 20th century offers various ways in which it can be studied from the point of view of modern architectural history. In the same time, this notion is shared just by a small number of experts – historians, architects or art historians – and the subject of industrial heritage stays to a large extent a domain of civic activism. The growing interest of civic associations is driven by an outrage of rapid demolition of a number of key historical industrial sites in Bratislava in the recent past. In the contrast to the public interest, the expert research of industrial heritage might seem as less effective and understandable. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of existing expert research in a connection with interdisciplinary methods that are not yet developed sufficiently. The interdisciplinary team-work has to be done both on the level of official state heritage protection policies and civic activism, as it is confirmed also via contemporary international heritage discourse.
The article analyses the Slovak preschool education sector using Bourdieu’s field theory. It describes stable and volatile points in the evolution of preschool education in terms of the power games occurring within the specific social field of power relations shaped during these games. It explores the groups of powerful players that represent the political, civic-professional and academic sub-fields exerting an influence over the preschool field who in different ways and at various times control the preschool field and structure within it the hierarchy of power relations in preschool education governance. The analysis is empirically illustrated; the power relations played out and were renewed when the national preschool curriculum was undergoing fundamental change. It describes the strategies, processes and consequences of changes in the power relations between the sub-fields and the associated behaviour of the actors. The analysis shows how the power conflicts ultimately led to the homologous relations between the sub-fields transforming into democratically-structured power relations in preschool education governance.
The manuscript textbook “Anleitung zum Klavierschlagen” by Michal Godra is a type of the textbook for elementary instruction in piano playing in Slovakia in the first half of the 19th century. It is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theme of this paper is presented in terms of the development of piano playing and the methodology of instrument playing, the musical genre characterisation of the compositions included in the practical part of the textbook, and the degree of influence by Franz Paul Rigler’s theoretical works. M. Godra’s piano school is an important source of knowledge of the development of musical education and piano composition in Slovakia in the given period.
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