Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Vysoká přehrada: projekt a jeho důsledky

100%

Megahed M. , Vymazalová H.

Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)

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2015

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nr 14

10-16

EN

The project of the High Dam at Aswan is a continuation of an ancient tradition. The Egyptian pharaohs since the earliest periods of the Egyptian history made an effort to control the use of water of the Nile inundation for the benefit of the country’s agriculture. Careful records of the height of the Nile flood, building of barrages and dams, and digging of irrigation canals all belonged to the ancient Egyptians’means of helping prosperity and avoiding crop failure even during the years of too high or too low inundation. Similar to the ancient projects, the modern buildings, such as the Aswan dam, also provided only a partial solution to the problem. The High Dam at Aswan on the other hand brought a lasting possibility of collecting water in a large artificial lake, and of its use in agriculture regardless of the actual yearly volume of the river. In addition, the production of electricity enabled the necessary industrial development of Egypt. Despite the benefits of the project of the High Dam for Egypt, however, a number of problems arose, including the urgent need of saving the monuments of Lower Nubia. The Egyptian call to the UNESCO was answered in 1959, and the international salvage campaign started soon after, in which – besides many other countries – the Czechoslovak Institute of Egyptology participated.

2

Nubia in Greek Literary Sources

100%

Dufková M.

Eirene. Studia Graeca et Latina

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2013

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tom 49

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nr 1-2

23-32

EN

Ancient texts refer to Nubia as Aethiopia and keep returning to it from as early as the 8th–7th centuries BC. The Iliad, the Odyssey, and a Cyclic epic, the Aithiopis, give the earliest testimony. This period marks the rise of the Napatan Kingdom in Nubia and Nubian rule in Egypt. The Greeks thereby gained awareness of the country, which was rich in gold, ivory, ebony, and iron. With the development of science and trade in the 6th century BC, interest in this area grew. After Hecataeus of Miletus, Herodotus in the 5th century BC described Aethiopia in the context of events in Egypt down to the Persian conquest. He was the first to name and describe the Aethiopian city of Meroe. The writings of Ephoros of Cyme and Hecataeus of Abdera from the 4th century BC were preserved in the texts of later authors. Pliny the Elder relays testimony from authors of the 3rd century BC, which marked the beginning of prosperous times in the Meroitic Kingdom. The heart of Nubia was visited at this time because of learning and trade, probably on the initiative of the Ptolemaic court. The itineraries of Bion of Soloi are valuable for numerous topographic details. Eratosthenes’ treatise on Aethiopia, which was used by Strabo, represents a true scientifi c work from the 3rd century BC. In the 2nd century BC, interest in the subject of Aithiopia subsides somewhat. Comprehensive texts on Aethiopia by Diodorus and Strabo round off the Hellenistic sources for this subject.Ancient texts refer to Nubia as Aethiopia and keep returning to it from as early as the 8th–7th centuries BC. The Iliad, the Odyssey, and a Cyclic epic, the Aithiopis, give the earliest testimony. This period marks the rise of the Napatan Kingdom in Nubia and Nubian rule in Egypt. The Greeks thereby gained awareness of the country, which was rich in gold, ivory, ebony, and iron. With the development of science and trade in the 6th century BC, interest in this area grew. After Hecataeus of Miletus, Herodotus in the 5th century BC described Aethiopia in the context of events in Egypt down to the Persian conquest. He was the first to name and describe the Aethiopian city of Meroe. The writings of Ephoros of Cyme and Hecataeus of Abdera from the 4th century BC were preserved in the texts of later authors. Pliny the Elder relays testimony from authors of the 3rd century BC, which marked the beginning of prosperous times in the Meroitic Kingdom. The heart of Nubia was visited at this time because of learning and trade, probably on the initiative of the Ptolemaic court. The itineraries of Bion of Soloi are valuable for numerous topographic details. Eratosthenes’ treatise on Aethiopia, which was used by Strabo, represents a true scientifi c work from the 3rd century BC. In the 2nd century BC, interest in the subject of Aithiopia subsides somewhat. Comprehensive texts on Aethiopia by Diodorus and Strabo round off the Hellenistic sources for this subject.

3

Informacje UNESCO

86%

Lenard B.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1970

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nr 1

64-65

4

Památky starověké Núbie na známkách světa

72%

Vachala B.

Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)

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2015

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nr 14

41-44

EN

The successful International UNESCO Campaign to Save the Monuments of (Egyptian and Sudanese) Nubia became an important motif on the postage stamps of 47 countries of the world in the years 1960–1980. The stamps host famous rescued temples (listed here according to frequency of the used motifs, including general views, details of architecture and relief decoration) of Abu Simbel, Philae, Wadi es-Sebua, and Dakka, the Kiosk of Qertassi and the South - ern temple of Buhen. Moreover, some of the unique painted murals found in the episcopal cathedral at Faras were reproduced on Polish stamps. The philatelic contribution to the campaign was far from symbolic. The total philatelic revenue (including income from the Philae Medals) reached 112,665.64 US dollars. The philatelic activity of 47 countries substantially contributed to the publicity of the UNESCO Nubia Campaign around the world.

5

Prostor pro naději – Výpravy Československého egyptologického ústavu do Núbie v 60. letech 20. století

51%

Jůnová Macková A. , Navrátilová H.

Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)

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2015

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nr 14

17-29

EN

The 1960s rescue campaign in Nubia offered a unique opportunity to the Czechoslovak Institute of Egyptology which had only just been established. Its new team took part in an extensive as well as intensive campaign, which included epigraphic surveys as well as excavations and anthropol ogical research concerning present-day Nubia. Expedition preparations and logistics were complicated by the partic ular conditions in the then Czechoslovakia. Behind- the-scenes pressures were high; despite politically motivated difficulties and a demanding programme, the series of Nubian expeditions was a success story, result - ing in respect ed specialist publications and a positive general public response on an international as well as national level.