Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Ruch w edukacji i wychowaniu dziecka przedszkolnego

100%

Adamski A.

Studia z Teorii Wychowania

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2012

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nr 2(5)

92-113

EN

Children during their stay in the nursery should be equipped not only with adequate supply of physical forces. The nursery is a place where children are given a basis for their further comprehensive upbringing and are prepared for school education. During this time, a child obtains mental, physical, emotional and social maturity, as well as a certain degree of strength and resistance to stressful situations. Art and movement can help a child in this educational process. A special attention should be paid here to the theatre forms that involve many elements of art. Theatre uses the word, sound, visual art and movement; it inspires and satisfies child’s intellectual, expressive, aesthetic, emotional and cultural needs as well as teaches how to live, explains, clarifies and comments life. A very important role in the development of a child’s personality is also played by fun and dance. In dance, one can reduce negative emotions, stress and tension of body and mind. Dance reduces anxiety, improves concentration, reduces psychophysical tension, relieves excess of energy and aggression, improves motor coordination and strength, improves self-esteem and changes the behavior profitably.

2

Ruch w mieście czy miasto w ruchu? Dialektyka miejskiego rytmu

100%

Rosińska M.

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tom 35

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nr 2

115-129

EN

The question of motion in the city and the city in motion is, in fact, a question of the dialectical relation of man and the city (with its architecture). It is a question of being in a constant movement, in a permanent flow, a question of creating an algorithm for writing and reading the rhythm of the city (and its architecture), with its primary functioning principle (in analogy to social life), which is based on mobility and transience. The answer to the problem raised thereby concerns the issue of 'reading' the rhythm of the city and hence the dynamics of social changes using the metaphor of 'figures' moving through the city (starting with the stroll of a 19th century 'flaneur', through a situationist drift, and ending with the walk of a 'flaneuse' in the world of goods), as well as the illustration of peculiar urban and architectural projects, exemplifying setting the architecture and the city into motion. By pointing out the process of 'vivifying' the material world, a parallel is drawn to the motorics of an organism and a human body. The emphasis on 'motioning' the material world in order to be more and more adequate in dealing with human needs. The article proposes a reflection on reading social life within the rhythm of a 'revolutionary' architecture, which rejects its primary, so far, characteristic - stability.

3

Conscious control of movements: increase of temporal precision in voluntarily delayed actions?

80%

Szelag E. , Rymarczyk K. , Poppel E.

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nr 3

175-179

EN

The variability of simple actions with response to auditory stimuli was studied under different delay conditions. Subjects reacted as fast as possible or with a defined time delay (from 250 to 750 ms) to a tone switching off by pressing a response-key with the left index finger (controlled by the right hemisphere) or with the right one (left hemisphere). For short delays (requested response times below 350 ms) variability of responses was much larger then for longer delays (above 350 ms), especially for the right hand. Thus, precise temporal control on consciously mediated actions sets only in after a rather long delay (in some cases after half a second). Neuronal mechanisms underlying conscious temporal control of actions appear to be different for the two hemispheres.

4

ON THE PREGNANCE OF BODILY MOVEMENT AND GEOMETRICAL OBJECTS: A POST-CONSTRUCTIVIST ACCOUNT OF THE ORIGIN OF MATHEMATICAL KNOWLEDGE

70%

Roth W.-M.

Pedagogický časopis (Journal of Pedagogy)

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2014

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tom 5

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nr 1

65 – 89

EN

Traditional (e.g., constructivist) accounts of knowledge ground its origin in the intentional construction on the part of the learner. Such accounts are blind to the fact that learners, by the fact that they do not know the knowledge to be learned, cannot orient toward it as an object to be constructed. In this study, the author provides a phenomenological account of the naissance (birth) of knowledge, two words that both have their etymological origin in the same, homonymic Proto-Indo-European syllable ĝen-, ĝenə-, ĝnē-, ĝnō-. Accordingly, the things of the world and the bodily movements they shape, following Merleau-Ponty (1964), are pregnant with new knowledge that cannot foresee itself, and that no existing knowledge can anticipate. The author draws on a study of learning in a second-grade mathematics classroom, where children (6–7 years) learned geometry by classifying and modelling 3-dimensional objects. The data clearly show that the children did not foresee, and therefore did not intentionally construct, the knowledge that emerged from the movements of their hands, arms, and bodies that comply with the forms of things. Implications are drawn for classroom instruction.

5

Gramaticalización por metonimización. El caso de las perífrasis verbales de gerundio y de participio

70%

Zieliński A.

Estudios Hispánicos

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2011

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tom 19

73–87

EN

The main aim of this paper is to explore and analyze the grammaticalization of the gerundive and participle verbal constructions in Old and Classical Spanish. The author’s purpose is to demonstrate that the described grammatical change was motivated essentially by the mechanisms of metonymy

6

70%

Błaszczyk J. W. , Lowe D. L. , Hansen P. D.

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tom 57

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nr 1

49-57

EN

Postural destabilizations in response to cyclic pull and push arm movements were compared in young and elderly subjects, with the goal of determining how age related differences in postural stability influence strategies of cyclic arm movements made at different speeds, against different loads and while standing on support surfaces of different compliances. The results show that elderly subjects performed the experimental task more slowly with a lower mean movement frequency and a smaller amplitude. Despite of this fact, the elderly's upright posture was destabilized by this movement to a greater extent than in young subjects. The older adults exhibited lower damping of the disturbing torques produced by arm movements as evidenced by a higher amplitude of the center of foot pressure excursions. The results document close reciprocal motor and posture interaction and indicate that parameters of the voluntary movement task such as cyclic arm movements might be used as a sensitive measure of postural stability.

7

Sedm kráčejících mužů a pohyb hmoty sochy

70%

Holý P.

Historica: revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy (Historica: Review in history and related sciences)

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2010

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tom 1

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nr 1

23-40

EN

The study deals with a walk as a characteristic movement of sculpture. It interprets a walk as a synthesis of gestures. It does so through the centuries from Antiquity - Apollo from Piraeus - through the Middle Ages, Baroque period and 19th century towards a modern art, using the method of formal analysis and finding semantic results within wider art historical contexts.

8

K ONTOLOGII POHYBU EXISTENCE. SROVNÁNÍ PLATÓNOVA A PATOČKOVA POJETÍ ČLOVĚKA

51%

Ritter M.

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nr 6

440 – 448

EN

The study compares two approaches to human being: Plato’s concept of three (parts of) souls and Patočka’s concept of three movements of existence. The aim of this contrastive study is to evaluate Patočka’s effort to make the concept of human being a-subjective and non-substantive. Special attention is dedicated to two key problems: the concept of body and the relationship between a part (an individual) and the whole (the world). The comparison of the thinkers indicates Patočka’s underestimation of the objective organization of body including its incorporation in the world. The presentation of the relationship between an individual and the whole provides an opportunity to discuss realistic moments of Plato’s approach and speculative moments of Patočka’s phenomenology of existence. Finally, these findings make it possible to articulate the main difficulties of an ontological interpretation of the phenomenology of movement.