The objective of the article is to analyse examples of use of personal deixis in the Spanish press. This phenomenon seems to be interesting because of specific situation of enunciation in case of written press text. This allows creating discourse strategy based on deictic elements.
The article deals with the functional-semantic category of evidentiality with the focus on its specific semantic and syntactic characteristics. Traditionally, evidentiality is treated as a subcategory of epistemic modality or the close relationship, eventually overlapping of these categories is stated. In the article the deictic nature of evidentiality is stipulated on the bases of the detailed semantic analysis of evidential units gained from the corpus. In many theoretical works evidentiality is described as a propositional deixis as it asserts the evidence on the basis of spatiotemporal distance existing between the event (expressed by the proposition) and the speaker. The minimal distance holds for direct personal evidence, on the other hand the indirect evidence presupposes the spatiotemporal distance which can be described as I SEE/HEAR etc. E(P1) and therefore I INFER P2 (perception based inference) or I INFER Pn as I KNOW P1 + P2 + P3 ... (non-perception based inference). In its second part the articles focuses on the syntactic characteristics of sentence adverbs and cognitive and perception verbs which function as evidential expressions in Slovak. Contrary to Slovak linguistic tradition the article brings the arguments why these units should be treated as sentence adverbs and stipulates the procedures which help to differentiate them from heterosemic predicate adverbs. The analysis of perception and cognitive verbs shows that these types of verbs expressing the propositional attitude function as illocutionary comments of the proposition expressed by formally dependent clause and slowly they are becoming evidential parentheticals which become free to float to various positions in the clause.
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