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Influence of glutamate injection into unilateral nucleus accumbens shell on behavioral response elicited by ipsilateral stimulation of the mesolimbic system

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Plucinska K. , Jerzemowska G. , Podlacha M.

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tom 75

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nr Supl.

EN

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Food intake is regulated not only by homeostatic requirements but also by emotional factors. The nucleus accumbens, particularly its shell region (AcbSh) is a part of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system which is responsible for a positive emotional aspect of various homeostasis-relevant stimuli. In the present work, we tested the AcbSh involvement in feeding behavior using an experimental paradigm specifically designed to assess motivational vs. motor aspect of food ingestion. METHODS: In rats (n=4), feeding was evoked by electrical stimulation of the midbrain ventral tegmental area (a somatodendritic region of mesolimbic system) and assessed quantitatively with the use of the latency to feed/stimulation frequency curve shift paradigm before and after ipsilateral glutamate injection (dose 2.0 µg dissolved in 0.5 µl of distillated water) into AcbSh (distillated water injection as a control, volume: 0.5 µl). RESULTS: Effect of ipsilateral glutamate injection into the AcbSh on behavioral response following the VTA stimulation was varied. In three rats the percentage reaction threshold did not change significantly and was approximated the baseline (not exceed ±10%). We observed an increase/decrease in the reaction threshold by only +0.31%, +2.85% and −1.90% in comparison to the water injection. In one rat the feeding threshold reaction was changed by significantly more than 10%. This significant increase was about +19.40% as compared to the baseline (water injection). CONCLUSIONS: Glutamate AcbSh activation – the major terminal area of the mesolimbic system does not affect the behavior induced by stimulation of the dopaminergic cells at the level of VTA. Presumably a different effect observed in one rat is dependent on the injected place within the AcbSh area. Research was financed by the Polish National Science Centre (NCN); decision no: DEC-2013/09/N/NZ4/02195

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Medial septal NMDA receptor inhibition affects pro-inflammatory response in rats differing in their stress susceptibility

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Podlacha M. , Myslinska I. , Wrona D. , Wegrzyn G.

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nr S2

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Streptozotocin and dimenthyl fumarate decreases plasma tumor necrosis factor Alpha concentration in rats

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Grzybowska M. , Podlacha M. , Majkutewicz I. , Kurowska E. , Myslinska D. , Grembecka B. , Wrona D.

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tom 75

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nr Supl.

EN

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study aims to determine if dimethyl fumarate (DMF), antioxidant having immunosuppressive properties, taken orally for three weeks will affect plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) concentration in an animal model of sporadic form of Alzheimer’s disease (sAD) induced by intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of betacytotoxic drug, streptozotocin (STZ). METHODS: Blood samples from young, male Wistar rats divided into four groups: STZ DMF (subjected to icv injection of STZ, fed with 0.4% DMF fodder), VEH DMF (subjected to icv injection of vehicle, fed with 0.4% DMF fodder), STZ CTR (subjected to icv injection of STZ, fed with standard fodder), VEH CTR (subjected to icv injection of vehicle, fed with standard fodder) were taken one hour after Morris water maze test finishing. Then, TNF-α concentration was determined with ELISA method using a Rat TNF-α ELISA Kit. RESULTS: Injections of STZ in rats being on the control feed (STZ/ CTR) significantly decreased (P≤0.05) the plasma concentration of TNF-α (22±2 pg/ml; mean±SE) as compared to the controls (VEH/CTR: 33±3 pg/ml). Moreover, within the STZ/DMF group, a significant (P≤0.01) decrease in the concentration of TNF-α (22±0.8 pg/ml) as compared to the controls (VEH/DMF: 30±2 pg/ ml), was observed. CONCLUSION: The obtained results indicate that streptozotocin injection and feeding with dimethyl fumarate of the streptozotocininduced sAD rats reduce such a peripheral blood pro-inflammatory cytokine level as TNF-α.

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Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation influence on erythrocyte number and hemoglobin levels in a rat model of early Parkinson's disease

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Grembecka B. , Koriat P. , Podlacha M. , Majkutewicz I. , Ptaszek K. , Plucinska K. , Wrona D.

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nr Suppl.1

EN

INTRODUCTION: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is most effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) motor symptoms. A number of epidemiological studies have recently highlighted the association between hemoglobin (HGB) levels and PD risk. Interestingly, several lines of evidence confirm that STN-DBS increases regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen concentrations in target brain areas. AIM(S): Considering the close association between oxygen concentration, red blood number (RBC), and HBG, we hypothesized that enhanced blood flow during STN-DBS may influence peripheral RBC parameters in a rat model of early PD. METHOD(S): Male Wistar rats were implanted unilaterally for STN-DBS and received intranigral (substantia nigra pars compacta, SNpc) infusion of 6‑OHDA. After recovery, rats were subjected to STN-DBS for 7 days (1h daily, n=6) or SHAM stimulation (control, n=6). Immediately after collection, peripheral blood samples were analyzed using automated hematology analyzer (Cell Dyn 3700). The RBC number, hematocrit percentage (HCT), HGB concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were measured. PD model was verified by the detection of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons in SNpc. For a statistical analysis of the results, SPSS 22.0 software was used. RESULTS: The Student’s t‑test showed that STN‑DBS rats had a significantly higher number of RBC in comparison to the SHAM rats (t(10)=‑2.912; p≤0.05). The HCT percentage slightly increased but differences did not reach statistical significance. Mann‑Whitney U tests showed that HGB level was higher in STN-DBS rats (Z=‑1.290; p≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The STN-DBS applied in a rat model of early PD has an influence on RBC number and HGB level. The obtained results suggest that there are peripheral compensation mechanisms for the increased oxygen demand during STN‑DBS in rats. FINANCIAL SUPPORT: Department of Animal and Human Physiology fund.

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Proces autofagii indukowany genisteiną jako nowe podejście w leczeniu chorób neurodegeneracyjnych

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Pierzynowka K. , Podlacha M. , Myslinska D. , Majkutewicz I. , Mantej J. , Niedzialek N. , Wegrzyn A. , Wegrzyn G.

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nr 2

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Stimulation of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the medial septal nucleus influences natural killer cell cytotoxicity of rats differing in responsiveness to novelty

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Myslinska D. , Plucinska K. , Glac W. , Grembecka B. , Listowska M. , Podlacha M. , Ptaszek K. , Wrona D.

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nr Suppl.1

EN

In our previous study we found that electrolytic lesion of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) as well as the medial septal nucleus (MS) caused depression of the peripheral blood natural killer cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) in rats. In the present study we evaluated blood NKCC after 14 day electrical stimulation of the BST and the MS in conscious, freely behaving rats differing in responsiveness to novelty. Male Wistar rats divided into high (HR) and low (LR) responders to novelty, implanted with stimulating electrodes at the BST or at the MS, were subjected to 14 day electrical stimulation (constant current 0.1 ms duration cathodal pulses delivered at a frequency of 50 Hz during 30 min) of the BST and the MS. The chronic stimulation of the BST and the MS caused augmentation of blood NKCC in comparison to the sham operated group and to the baseline, which was more significant in HRs. A week after termination of the stimulation procedure NKCC returned to the baseline. The obtained results suggest that immunoenhancing effect on blood NK cell function is dependent on the behavioral outcome (intensive locomotor reaction) of the BST and the MS stimulation as well as on individual behavioral characteristics. This work was supported by a research grant NN303819040.