We discuss the popularization of science, in particular, mathematics.We focus on the contemporary methods and forms of popularization ofmathematics at Children’s Universities in Poland: lectures, workshops andseminars.
The first part of the article presents the history of the development of the principle of viewpoints starting from its illustrative and static perception, and ending with its contemporary, interactive use. In the second part, referring to our own research, we describe and analyze the contemporary use of the principle of viewpoint during extracurricular mathematical classes organized for pre-school and younger school children. The essence of the contemporary use of the principle of objectivity is the intentional and skilful use of didactic means while shaping the mathematical concepts of students. Attention was paid to the fact that children were provided with conditions free and without time pressure to experiment with mathematical objects, the ability to agree their observations and discoveries with their peers, the teacher.
The paper presents a~teaching proposal for the Mathematics Education course for university students of Education with a specialisation in Early Childhood Education, in order to motivate pre-service teachers to self-discovery and to encourage individual mathematical problem solving. The proposal was pre-tested in practice. Interactive activities were carried out in which pre-service teachers individually solved mathematical problems at thematic stations and had the opportunity to learn by manipulating objects and discovering solutions to problems. The study was conducted using an action research approach. The results of the study are described in four areas of the researcher's activity: preparing the learning environment (organising the research), observing the subjects, communicating with the subjects (interviewing the pre-service teachers) and using the results.
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