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Anatomia aliteracji. J.R.R. Tolkien jako tłumacz poematu Pan Gawen i Zielony Rycerz

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Markiewka T.

Świat i Słowo

2023

tom 41

nr 2

51-69

The article presents a short comparative analysis of two versions of the English ro mance in verse Sir Gawain and the Green Knight – the original text from the 14th century and its modern translation by J.R.R. Tolkien. The Middle English source text uses a North-West English dialect and is an interesting example of a late revival of alliteration originally rooted in the old English tradition. Alliteration as a formal organizing principle is combined with end-rhymes which complete the structure of the poem; this is both sophisticated and rare. Tolkien’s modern rendition of the romance recognizes and respects its dominant structural elements and attempts to recreate all the formal aspects of the text as adequately as possible. The modern version, while being a translation, acquires the semi-authorial signature of Tolk ien, both a translator and scholar who creates a highly competent and historically informed rendition. The translator’s craft is particularly visible when Tolkien’s ver sion is juxtaposed with the Polish translation by Andrzej Wicher. The linguistic and cultural distance between Polish and English is larger than the distance between the original and the modern rendition in English, and, as a result, the translation of Andrzej Wicher manages to reproduce only a limited number of alliterations and hence loses many artistic features that were essential components of the original text.

Herezja adaptacji. Przekład a etyka różnicy

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Markiewka T.

Świat i Słowo

2013

tom 11

nr 1(20)

131-143

The author analyses the problem of adaptation in literary and Bible translation. The title refers to the famous theoretical statement by Cleanth Brooks, which defined the New Critical approach to the unity of content and form, at the same time ruling out paraphrase as unjustifiable means of interpretation. The New Critical statement is confronted with the translational strategy of adaptation, whose consequences are shown on the basis of the “inclusive” Bible translations which turn a Biblical text into an ideological, genderrelated battlefield and a sphere of ideological manipulation. Against such a background the author briefly presents the translation strategy of a Chinese translator of James Joyce’s Ulysses, Jin Di, whose theory of equivalence underlines the importance of double loyalty (towards the source text as well as towards the target reader) and faithfulness, questioning the logic of adaptation as a strategy of literary translation.

Estetyka i skuteczność ruchów społecznych

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Markiewka T.

Dyskurs & Dialog

2021

tom III

nr 1 (7)

23-32

The author of the article tries to show why our idea of social movements and our assessments of the effectiveness of their protests may be wrong. To this end, he proposes to distinguish between social movements protesting against authoritarian power and social movements protesting against discrimination.

Autor artykułu stara się pokazać, dlaczego nasze wyobrażenia na temat ruchów społecznych i nasze oceny skuteczności ich protestów mogą być błędne. W tym celu proponuje odróżnić ruchy protestujące przeciw autorytarnej władzy od ruchów protestujących przeciw dyskryminacji.

Media internetowe - niespełnione nadzieje

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Markiewka T.

Dyskurs & Dialog

2020

tom II

nr 1 (3)

59-72

The author of the article tries to show why there is a gap between the theoretical possibilities offered by online media and the practical implementation of these possibilities. In theory, online media offer unprecedented opportunities to gain knowledge about the world, in practice they tend to diminish the quality of public debate.

Autor artykułu stara się pokazać, dlaczego istnieje przepaść między teoretycznymi możliwościami, które dają media internetowe, a praktyczną realizacją tych możliwości. W teorii media internetowe dają niespotykane możliwości zdobywania wiedzy o świecie, w praktyce sprzyjają zaniżaniu jakości debaty publicznej.