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Morphological changes in the liver and the response of antioxidant enzymes after turkeys’ chronic exposure to cadmium

100%

Holovska K. , Sobekova A. , Almasiova V. , Cigankova V.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2013

tom 22

nr 5

We observed the effect of cadmium (Cd group) and cadmium+zinc (Cd/Zn group) in the liver of turkeys after a 71-day exposure. The experimental birds were divided to three groups; control group (Control), group exposed to cadmium (group Cd) as CdCl₂ (aqueous solution, 0.5 mg/kg feed); and group Cd/Zn exposed to the same dose of cadmium as Cd group plus zinc as ZnSO₄ (aqueous solution, 90 mg/kg feed). Light and electron microscopy revealed pronounced changes in the liver of turkeys from the Cd group, such as hyperaemia, dilatation of sinusoids and accumulation of inflammatory cells, including macrophages, heterophils, and lymphocytes in sinusoids. Necrotizing hepatocytes were observed sporadically. The ultrastructural changes included swollen mitochondria with injured cristae, dilated cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and damaged intercellular contacts between hepatocytes. In the Cd/Zn group, Zn was not able to completely protect the liver, but the changes were less pronounced. The specific activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased in the Cd group. Glutathione peroxidase was significantly increased in all experimental groups. In the Cd/Zn group, zinc co-administration had a protective effect on the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Exposure of turkeys to cadmium did not affect the content of TBARS in the liver.

Effects of feed supplemented with selenite or Se-yeast on antioxidant enzyme activities in lamb tissues

63%

Sobekova A. , Holovska K. , Lenartova V. , Holovska K.,Jr. , Javorsky P. , Boldizarova K. , Gresakova L. , Leng L.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

2006

tom 15

nr 4

569-557

The activities of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) were examined in liver, kidney cortex and heart tissues of lambs fed diets supplemented with inorganic (sodium selenite) and an organic (Se-yeast) form of selenium. Additional selenium resulted in a significant increase of the Se content in the examined tissues in both supplemented groups. The activities of GSHPx, CAT in the liver as well as of CAT, GST and SOD in the kidney cortex were significantly lower in the Se-yeast supplemented group when compared with both the control and selenite-fed groups. In the heart, the activities of all of the assayed enzymes increased in both supplemented groups. SOD activity was found to be significantly higher in the Se-yeast supplemented group when compared with the selenite group. In addition, two Cu, Zn-SOD isoenzymes of higher band intensity were generated in this group, probably as a result of oxidative stress, which was also manifested by a significant increase of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The presented results suggest specific regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities in the tissues of lambs depending on the form of selenium intake.