Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Anthropometric Typology of Male and Female Rowers Using K-Means Clustering

100%

Forjasz J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2011

|

tom 28

155-164

EN

The aim of this paper is to present the morphological features of rowers. The objective is to establish the type of body build best suited to the present requirements of this sports discipline through the determination of the most important morphological features in rowing with regard to the type of racing boat. The subjects of this study included competitors who practise rowing and were members of the Junior National Team. The considered variables included a group of 32 anthropometric measurements of body composition determined using the BIA method among male and female athletes, while also including rowing boat categories. In order to determine the analysed structures of male and female rowers, an observation analysis was taken into consideration and performed by the k-means clustering method. In the group of male and female rowers using long paddles, higher mean values for the analysed features were observed, with the exception of fat-free mass, and water content in both genders, and trunk length and horizontal reach in women who achieved higher means in the short-paddle group. On the men's team, both groups differed significantly in body mass, longitudinal features, horizontal reach, hand width and body circumferences, while on the women's, they differed in body mass, width and length of the chest, body circumferences and fat content. The method of grouping used in this paper confirmed morphological differences in the competitors with regard to the type of racing boat.

2

Somatic Build of Rowers in the Period from 1995 to 2005

100%

Forjasz J.

Human Movement

|

2011

|

tom 12

|

nr 1

46-56

EN

Purpose. The aim of the paper is an attempt to show the sizes of morphological features of rowers, in order to establish the type of body build proper for present requirements of this sports discipline through the determination of morphological features of the greatest importance in rowing including the type of a racing boat. Basic procedures. Analysed material includes competitors practising rowing, who were members of the Polish junior national team in this sports discipline in the period from 1995 to 2005. A group of 31 anthropometric measurements have been analysed; body composition has been measured by the BIA method, including rowing boat categories. Musculature rate for each participant was calculated on the basis of chosen somatic indicators. Collected material has been elaborated with basic statistical methods. Main findings. Rowers are characterized by the significant height of the body, large body mass and a considerably slender figure at the same time. Characteristic features are: trunk with its large length and large circumferences, long upper and lower limbs, shoulders of medium broadness, narrow pelvis, flat chest. Big musculature of upper and lower limbs which classify competitors to the group of thigh-set limbed and the considerable stoutness of the body, expressed with the thickness of skin-adipose folds, with the proportional fat content, are also characteristic features. Analysed teams show the differentiation depending on types of racing boats, with achieving larger mean features by the crew of oars, at the greater proportional participation of the fat in the general body mass. Conclusion. Competitors doing rowing at the high level of sports advancement must accomplish the criteria of morphological build, and the level of these requirements is adapted to the specificity of this sports discipline and types of racing boats.

3

The impact of inertial exercises performed in the workplace on shoulder muscles’ strength and muscles’ fatigue resistance in women with disabilities

38%

Naczk A. , Brzenczek-Owczarzak W. , Adach Z. , Gramza P. , Forjasz J. , Gajewska E. , Naczk M.

Medycyna Pracy

|

2024

|

tom 75

|

nr 2

113-122

EN

Background Workers who do monotonous and repetitive work in a static position often complain about fatigue and decreased work efficiency. Some studies indicate that to improve muscle fatigue, resistance strength training can be used. Material and Methods To investigate the effect of 4-week inertial training on shoulder muscles’ strength and muscles’ fatigue resistance 44 female workers with disabilities were examined. The participants were randomized into the training group (T) (N = 32) and the control group (C) (N = 12). Before the training and after that shoulder muscles’ strength were tested at the start and at the end of the workday (Monday and Friday). The participants were asked to complete questionnaire concerning their fatigue at work (T and C), inertial training and work efficiency (T). Results The work performed during the last day of the workweek, i.e., Friday (before training) resulted in a significant decrease in shoulder muscles’ strength in T and C. Muscle strength achieved at the end of the workweek (Friday afternoon) was significantly lower than achieved at the start of the workweek (Monday morning) in both tested groups (before training). Moreover, inertial training resulted in a significant increase in shoulder muscles’ strength in T; 34–74% for different muscles. No changes in muscles’ strength were noted in C. Increased muscle strength in T following inertial training effectively prevented muscle fatigue. After training the differences in shoulder muscles’ strength noted in T during different times of the workday and workweek were insignificant. Moreover, 4-week inertial training increased significantly the work efficiency of women from T by 4%; no changes were noted in C. Inertial training was well tolerated by the participants. Conclusions Using inertial training in women with disabilities to prevent shoulder muscles’ fatigue during the workday and workweek is recommended.