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FR
The aim of this paper is to discuss some questions concerning French-Belgian literature between 1881 and 1980. Since 1830, when Belgium became an independent country, controversies about autonomy and dependence of its national writing have involved many authors or theorists, and divided its literary scene. The magazine La Jeune Belgique argued with the old generation of writers and fought against the idea of social art and symbolists’ innovations and exaggerations in literature. Then, some regionalist authors rejected French domination by focusing on local scenery and characters. They were criticized soon by writers forming a group called groupe du Lundi, who claimed the affiliation to French literature. This view was challenged in the 70s and 80s, first, by the notion of belgitude, then, in La Belgique malgré tout. Key words: Controversy, Belgian literature in French, identity, autonomy, dependence.
EN
Adolescent dystopian literature has been in vogue recently. Its popularity reflects in fact several aspects, from readers’ preferences, through marketing rules, to writers’ choices. The predominance and reiteration of dystopian fiction suggests that they can involve stereotypes. Taking into consideration the fact that the stereotype is a reading construction, we analyse in this paper the role of stereotypes in perceiving and decoding a dystopian universe, with its elements, such as prison environment, oppressive authorities, tentative of revolt, and final victory or defeat, with respect of his young readers, in Jean-Claude Mourlevat’s novel Le Combat d’hiver.
EN
This paper deals with the theme of memory in the novel Mémoires d ’un ange maladroit by Francis Dannemark, a Belgian author writing in French. In order to verify the hypothesis that the writer succeeds in depicting the complex functioning of memory, we examine writing techniques, narrative devices and numerous metaphorical constructions used by the author, and describe them, taking into consideration “memory authorities” (author, hero, reader). The analysis proves that the novel is not a simple variation on memory and its mechanisms but also contains essential observations on the writing process, including the play with the fictionality of a literary work, and on the act of reading. Recollection, memoirs writing, novel writing, reading: all these activities resemble a puzzle.
FR
L’article traite du thème de la mémoire dans le roman Mémoires d’un ange maladroit de Francis Dannemark, auteur belge francophone. Pour vérifier l’hypothèse avancée que Dannemark réussit à illustrer le fonctionnement complexe de la mémoire, nous soumettons à l’examen les techniques de l’écriture, les dispositifs narratifs et de nombreuses constructions métaphoriques employées par l’auteur, et nous les décrivons en fonction des « instances mémorielles » (auteur, personnage, lecteur). Il se révèle que le roman n’est pas une simple variation sur le thème de la mémoire, ses mécanismes, mais qu’il contient une importante réflexion sur le processus de l’écriture, le jeu avec la fictivité de l’œuvre littéraire comprise, et l’acte de la lecture. Rappeler des souvenirs, rédiger des mémoires, écrire un roman et le lire, toutes ces activités ressemblent à un puzzle à reconstituer.
FR
One of the essential features of the twentieth century French uncanny tales is a play with literary conventions. According to the postmodern aesthetics, these short fictions give priority to all kinds of transgressions on the level of both the content and the form.The aim of the study is to describe the play with the literary codes on the basis of short fictions of G. Apollinaire, M. Aymé, B. Vian, P. Gripari, J. Supervielle, M. Tournier, Ph. Dumas and B. Moissard, P. Fleutiaux. The authors invite the readers to take part in the ludic activity and let the perception of the uncanny tales depend on their familiarity with the related categories of the marvellous and the fantastic, and on their knowledge of intertextuality rules. Key words: Short fiction, the uncanny, the fantastic, the marvellous, literary conventions, cultural code.
EN
In his short novel Bruges-la-Morte Georges Rodenbach presents an inconsolable widower, Hugues Viane, who tries to immortalise his dead wife by the worship of her souvenirs and installing himself in Bruges, a “dead town”. The aim of the study is to examine how the absence changes into presence. Firstly, the Dead returns in Hugues Viane’s mind, the spouse appears in multiple portraits the widower contemplates every day and especially in the cult of her hair. Then, she reveals herself also in the history and the actual state of Bruges. Finally, the dead woman returns in her “double” – Jane Scott, a theatre dancer, who becomes for Hugues Viane his wife risen from the dead, unfortunately only for a while. Georges Rodenbach chooses absence as the main aspect of his novel but he joins it to all kind of attempts, especially related to the fantastique, to transform it into presence.
7
Content available Vagabondage dans Le Mont Damion d’André Dhôtel
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EN
The paper discusses the theme of wandering in the novel by French author André Dhôtel. The protagonist of Le Mont Damion, Fabien Gort, is not a typical vagrant, as he is a member of an intellectual and quite rich family. However, because of his strong absent-mindedness and strangeness, Fabien is unable to find a place in social structures. People’s hostility leads him to many wanderings and unexpected encounters which influence his existence. The novel seems to be also a generic wandering, as it possesses some features of picaresque novel, adventure novel, initiation story and fairytale fantasy.
EN
This paper presents the importance of art in Metin Arditi’s life and work and examines if his novel Le Turquetto can be considered an example of pictural writing. First, we present the context of writing and the role of art in the writer’s personal experience. Then, we describe different thematic and formal manifestations of the pictural in his text, based on Liliane Louvel’s typology, to verify how intermedial references between literature and painting influence the reader’s reception.
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