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2020
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tom 28
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nr 37
207-220
EN
The article shows the growing interest of science fiction cinema in the human brain and related concepts, such as mind or consciousness. Nowadays, when distant space travel seems unreachable, artists find the exploration potential of the brain very promising. Thus, the main thesis of this analysis says that the brain has become for science fiction cinema the new universe. An excellent example of this paradigm shift is Inception (dir. Christopher Nolan, 2010). In the movie, the mind is depicted as a physical and accessible place, where we can find a lot of mysteries to solve. The characters travel to the deepest parts of subconsciousness because the processes inside the brain are the key to understanding and changing the real world. The article also shows how the director uses the achievements of science fiction cinema and, at the same time, that he postulates a new way of considering the issues relevant to modern neuroscience.
EN
In comics, similar to theatre or film, props play a crucial role in storytelling. However, in the comic medium, the function of a prop as a meaningful element takes on a distinct character. Cartoons not only depict objects but also give them specific significance through artistic representation. The article aims to explore this phenomenon by examining the graphic novel The Book Tour by Andi Watson. The analysis draws upon the insights of renowned comics scholars but also refers to broader conceptual frameworks.  Thus additional links to theoretical proposals on the semiotics of visual representations and semiotics of the stage. Throughout the discussion, the paper presents artistic techniques used by Andi Watson that contribute to the unique nature and the way of functioning of comic props.
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2023
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tom 10
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nr 10
39-60
EN
Daily life is usually associated with repetition and the ordinary. There are, however, settings where the quotidian is far from usual or familiar. Marked by dread and uncertainty, the everyday reality in the Kremlin during Joseph Stalin’s era is one such case evocatively presented in Fabien Nury and Thierry Robin’s graphic novel The Death of Stalin: A True Soviet Story. The article demonstrates how history can be artistically reworked through the comic medium. The analysis focuses on the choice of colors, composition of the panels, perspective, and creation of characters, and refers to the postulates put forward by Hillary Chute, Roland Barthes, and Michel Foucault. The paper concludes that the authors of The Death of Stalin not only offer a convincing take on one of the most crucial moments in the history of the Soviet Union and the world but also employ subtle artistic measures typical of comics to recreate the overwhelming atmosphere of everyday life in the Kremlin dominated by omnipresent fear and uncertainty about the future. The insights they offer into the actions of top-ranking communist officials serve as an artistic commentary on the findings of professional historians, inviting further interpretations.
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nr 44
117-133
EN
The subject of interest in the paper is the comic book biography The Life of Pope John Paul II. In the 1980s, John Paul II was not only treated as the head of the Catholic Church, but held a place in popular culture. The article points out that the Marvel comic book was one of the works that positioned the Pope within an axiological community of superheroes who, in the most general perspective, showed what a life full of heroism should look like. Thus, the paper analyses the elements of the superhero rhetorical model and features typical of the comic medium that highlight the uniqueness of John Paul II’s biography. Furthermore, to fully reveal the persuasiveness of the creative solutions employed in this work, situating the Pope between a man and a superhero, the author refers to the analytical propositions of Roland Barthes and Michał Rusinek concerning the rhetoric of visual representations.
6
Content available Pomoc publiczna – zarządzanie i efektywność
63%
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2011
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tom 20
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nr 3
96-105
PL
W ostatnich latach wzrastają rozmiary pomocy publicznej, szczególnie w krajach preferujących system gospodarki rynkowej. Wywołuje to wiele kontrowersji wśród zwolenników ekonomii klasycznej. W artykule zostały zaprezentowane teoretyczne i praktyczne badania efektywności pomocy publicznej. Analiza danych wskazuje, że pomoc publiczna jest społecznie i ekonomicznie zasadna, jeśli jest właściwie zarządzana.
EN
Objectives This paper aims to present the relations between legal, economic, technological instruments and the factors affecting the dominating standard of social awareness which affects ethical choices in the scope of environmental protection. Material and methods The article uses the method of analysis and criticism of the literature as well as dogmatic and legal. Results Effective environmental protection demands an interdisciplinary approach. It should rest on the foundation of legal regulations setting out rules for the use and protection of natural resources with the principle of sustainable development. People need these resources for survival but they contribute to their degradation. To secure the basic rights of people, the environment and economic growth, effective environmental protection is a must. Conclusions This analysis served to develop a model that integrates these elements for the purpose of effective environmental protection. In a nutshell, effective environmental protection cannot be attained through legal instruments alone; they must be coordinated – the use of the best available techniques – with adequate economic tools and ethical standing of the society.
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