The main aim of the study was to explore the relationship between fluid intelligence (gf), attentional control (AC), and learning potential (LP), and to investigate the interaction effect between gf and AC on LP. The sample comprised 210 children attending the fourth grade of a standard elementary school. It was hypothesized that the extent of the association between gf and LP depends on the level of attentional control, so that a low level of AC would weaken or possibly break that link, while a high level of AC would facilitate the employment of fluid general ability in learning situations. The results show that there was a moderate relationship between the measures of gf and LP, while gf was not found to be related to AC. Regarding the hypothesized interaction effect, the data suggested that the relationship between learning potential and fluid intelligence is invariant regarding the level of attentional control in the sample. Possible reasons for the lack of a moderation effect are discussed.
The primary intention of the presented paper is to contribute to the understanding of 1. what deductive-hypothetical reasoning is and 2. what deductive inference is, manifested in the ability to decode and learn words from context. The WCT - WORD CONTEXT TEST (D-KEFS; Delis, Kaplan & Kramer, 2001) was used for measuring the two dependent variables (level of hypothetical thinking and ability to infer the meaning of words from context). This test is a separate part of the Delis Kaplan Executive Function System test battery (D-KEFS; Delis, Kaplan & Kramer, 2001). On the basis of the results obtained in the process of the administration of the tool on a sample of 9–10 year-old pupils attending standard schools and pupils educated in classes for the gifted, we explore the level of hypothetical-deductive thinking in both groups of pupils. We use the obtained data to make the following analysis of the relationship between a pupil’s intelligence and: a) level of hypothetical reasoning; and b) level of ability to infer the meaning of words from context among standard pupils; analysis of differences in: a) level of hypothetical reasoning; and b) level of ability to infer the meaning of words in context between gifted pupils and standard pupils.
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