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2004
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tom 135
181-187
EN
The grain quality of wheat is influenced by the protein and gluten content, which in turn depends on environmental conditions and cropping practices. A field study was carried out in 2000-2003 based on the static experiment at the Research Station Brody belonging to the Agricultural University of Poznań. Winter wheat (var. Sakwa) was grown in four-course crop rotation: pea, winter wheat, spring barley, winter triticale. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of tillage systems: conventional tillage, reduced tillage and direct seeding on the grain quality of winter wheat. The reduced tillage system and direct seeding were found to increase the 1000 grain weight and the test weight of winter wheat compared to conventional tillage. No differences due to tillage systems in germination capacity of winter wheat were observed. The tillage methods had marked effects on wheat quality Increased grain protein and wet gluten content were observed for reduced tillage and direct seeding as compared with those for conventional tillage. The highest grain protein and gluten content were observed in the driest and hot year studied. The tillage systems did not make any difference in grain protein yield. However, energy yield of winter wheat was higher for conventional tillage than for reduced and direct seeding systems.
EN
Field experiments were conducted at the Brody Experimental Station of Poznan University of Life Sciences in 2009–2010. The aim of this study was to determine leaf and stem base and root diseases severity on spring barley as an effect of different tillage systems (conventional, reduced and direct drilling). Fusarium spp. and Gaeumannomyces graminis occurring on stem bases and roots were the main pathogens identified on spring barley. The intensity of occurrence of stem base and root diseases increased under reduced tillage and direct drilling systems as compared with phloughing system. A higher infection with Pyrenophora teres was observed on barley leaves under reduce tillage system and direct drilling comparing to conventional tillage system. The occurrence of Puccinia hordei and Rhynchosporium secalis was lower under ploughless tillage systems.
EN
Field studies were conducted in 2007–2009 at the Research Station Brody of Poznań University of Life Sciences. The aim of this study was to determine weed community in pea as affected by tillage systems (conventional and direct drilling). Between tillage systems, conventional tillage plots had the highest level of weed biomass and density in 2007, while in 2009 weed infestation was greatest under direct drilling. In 2008 and mean of three years levels of weed infestation was not affected by the tillage systems. The dominant weed species according to weed density were Viola arvensis in each tillage system. Chenopodium album had the highest biomass under direct drilling, while conventional tillage enhanced Veronica hederifolia biomass.
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2004
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tom 03
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nr 1
157-163
PL
Badania przeprowadzono w latach 1999-2002 w Stacji Badawczej Brody, należącej do Akademii Rolniczej w Poznaniu. Celem badań była ocena wpływu systemów uprawy roli (tradycyjnego, uproszczonego i siewu bezpośredniego) na plonowanie i zachwaszczenie kukurydzy oraz na fizykochemiczne właściwości gleby. Uprawa uproszczona i siew bezpośredni zmniejszyły liczbę i wysokość roślin oraz plon suchej masy kukurydzy w porównaniu z uprawą tradycyjną. Kilkuletnie stosowanie systemów uprawy uproszczonej spowodowało niekorzystne zmiany większości fizycznych właściwości gleby oraz zwiększyło zachwaszczenie kukurydzy. Zmiana systemu uprawy płużnej na uproszczoną lub siew bezpośredni przyczyniła się do akumulacji C, N, K i Mg w wierzchniej warstwy gleby.
EN
The research was conducted in 1999-2002 at the Brody Experimental Station of the Poznań Agricultural University. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tillage systems (conventional, reduced and direct drilling) on yield, weed infestation of maize and physical and chemical soil properties. Reduced tillage and direct drilling systems caused a decrease in the number and height of plants and total dry matter yield of maize as compared to conventional tillage. A continuous use of reduced tillage systems had negative effect on soil physical properties, but increased the weed infestation of maize. A change from conventional system to reduced or direct tillage system causes an accumulation of C, N, K and Mg in the topsoil.
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