Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Paradygmat wielkiej dialektycznej syntezy i jego obecność w polskiej socjologii

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Wielecki K.

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nr 1

107-117

EN

The contemporary sociology should be considered in the relation to its past. However, the problem should also be understood in the context of a current deep post-industrial crisis, resulting from enormous civilization changes, especially technological ones. Moreover, considering the issue one ought to take into account intellectual confusion of many people, a specific evolution of trends of thought, collective imaginaries or systems of values. The process of secularization has been one of the principal dominants of such a state of crisis. Another important feature is the crisis of social order, impairing the stability of social structures, principal social institutions from the State through family, culture, economy and so forth. This is the context in which the main trends in contemporary sociology are shown. Especially its three fundamental paradigms: objectivistic, subjectivist and great dialectical synthesis. The last part of this paper is devoted to the question about the significance of the great paradigm of dialectical synthesis in Polish sociology.

2

Subjectivity vs. Agency: The Meaning of Karol Wojtyla’s The Acting Person

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Wielecki K.

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tom 7

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nr 1

1-12

EN

Karol Wojtyła’s Osoba i czyn (in English translation known as The Acting Person) is certainly an extraordinary book having considerable significance for contemporary human philosophy. And because the philosophical or quasi-philosophical concept of the human person, consciously or not, explicitly or implicitly, is always at the root of any sociological, psychological, pedagogical or even economic theory, the importance of this work is even greater. It involves both the humanities and social sciences. The purpose of this article is to point out the benefits of this groundbreaking book. In particular, it allows us to rethink the paradigmatic foundations of these sciences. At the same time, it attempts to show how necessary is a critical revision of their own paradigmatic basis. I would also like to consider the essence of the human concept, especially from the perspective of critical realism. Especially, I deal with the issue of subjectivity and justification for the choice of this concept as the key to understanding individual agency. I am convinced that agency is only one dimension of subjectivity and does not allow us to understand the whole problem of autonomy, human freedom, and the meaning of humanity. Wojtyła’s The Acting Person seems to provide extremely important arguments in favor of my thesis. It also helps, I think, to understand the essence of individual subjectivity, issues of fundamental importance in our time, peculiarly, in the broadly understood human sciences.

3

Selected problems of the application of sociological theories in the theory of education

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Wielecki K.

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tom XV(3 (48))

163-178

EN

The importance of sociology for the theory of upbringing is obvious. The pedagogue can use it in several ways. The first is the "encrusting" of the pedagogical text using sociological quotes and terms. Another is the use of sociology to characterize social and cultural factors of education. You can rely on it completely and uncritically. Hide behind the authority of sociological fame. The pedagogue can also critically analyse sociological theories, and determine their paradigmatic assumptions, including ontological and epistemological assumptions. Everything is fine when the educator independently develops the sociological idea, the author takes responsibility for the "theoretical scaffolding" he uses, and does not shirk responsibility by hiding behind the back of a "famous" sociologist. The most valuable, but very demanding way of using sociological knowledge by a pedagogue is the interdisciplinary ability to independently (although of course based on existing concepts and research results) of sociological thinking by the theorist of education. However, this requires creative mastery of sociology. We find such cases in scientific practice. You can also go without sociology at all, but then the subject of the study becomes an artefact, "preparation" wholly taken out of reality. You can also go without sociology at all, but then the subject of the study becomes an artefact, "preparation" wholly taken out of reality.

4

Reflexivity of the subject in selected contemporary social theories

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Wielecki K. , Leonarska D.

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nr 4

145-160

EN

The subject of this article is the question of human reflexivity, where the individual is understood as the subject of social relations. We are interested in individual and collective subjectivity. The paper begins with an attempt to depict the theoretical field, on the grounds of which the problem of reflexivity appears in sociology. Next, we present the main concepts in the subjectivity theory found in sociological and philosophical literature. This allowed us to prepare an interpretational basis that is helpful in analysing specific subject reflexivity concepts. The presented theories arise from the views of M.S. Archer, P. Bourdieu, A. Giddens and C. Taylor. These views serve as the basis of our discussion concerning reflexivity, its meaning and interpretational challenges encountered in contemporary social theories of the subjectivity orientation. As a conclusion, the authors consider the main problems placed before the field of humanities concerning the further development of subjectivity theories.

PL

Przedmiotem artykułu jest problem refleksyjności człowieka, jako podmiotu relacji społecznych. Interesuje nas podmiotowość jednostek i zbiorowości. Punktem wyjścia jest próba zarysowania pola teoretycznego problemu refleksyjności w socjologii, a następnie prezentacja głównych konceptów w teorii podmiotowości w literaturze socjologicznej i filozoficznej. Pozwoliło to naszkicować podstawę interpretacyjną pomocną w analizie konkretnych koncepcji refleksyjności podmiotu, jakie rozważamy w dalszej części artykułu. Omawiane teorie, to głównie poglądy M.S. Archer, P. Bourdieu, A. Giddensa i C. Taylora. Stały się one podstawą naszej dyskusji dotyczącej pojęcia refleksyjności, jego znaczenia i wyzwań interpretacyjnych we współczesnych teoriach społecznych orientacji podmiotowej. Artykuł kończą wnioski dotyczące głównych problemów i zadań stojących na drodze dalszego rozwoju teorii podmiotowych w humanistyce.