Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Wplyw kadmu na rozmnazanie i przezywalnosc dzdzownicy Dendrobaena octaedra [Savigny 1826]

100%

Rozen A.

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tom 498

181-191

EN

Adult individuals of Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny 1826) were collected in three differently polluted mixed oak-pine forests (Pino-Quercetum): the most polluted near Olkusz, the moderately polluted Niepołomice Forest (both Southern Poland) and the relatively unpolluted Kampinoska Forest (Central Poland). In the laboratory established was culture of parent (P) generation was established and the laid cocoons were incubated to obtain F₁ generation. The culture was carried out till death of the last individual of F₁ generation (4 years). Every month individuals and cocoons were extracted from the soil, weighed and replaced into new soil. Individuals collected in the Olkusz forest had a higher cadmium concentration in their bodies (89.4±26.3 mg·kg⁻¹) than those from the Niepołomice Forest (16.7± 11.8 mg·kg⁻¹) and the Kampinoska Forest (8.7±4.0 mg·kg⁻¹). Individuals originating from the Olkusz forest (P generation) in the laboratory culture accumulated more cadmium than individuals from other populations. The above phenomenon was not found in their offspring ( F₁ generation). The present experiment clearly shows that cadmium in low doses decrease the reproduction (cocoon production, mass of produced cocoons, reproductive allocation) and survival (mean survival time, median survival time). Cadmium more negatively affeted reproduction and survival of animals cultured in laboratory and originating from unpolluted forest than those from heavily polluted forest. The observed higher heritable tolerance (higher reproduction, better survival) to cadmium in heavily polluted forest population seems to be the evidence of adaptation of D. octaedra to life in polluted environment.

PL

Dojrzałe osobniki D. octaedra zebrano w trzech kompleksach leśnych - borach mieszanych (Pino-Quercetum) występujących na terenach różnie skażonych metalami ciężkimi: najbardziej zanieczyszczonych lasach okolic Olkusza, średnio zanieczyszczonej Puszczy Niepołomickiej i niezanieczyszczonej Puszczy Kampinoskiej koło Warszawy (las kontrolny). W laboratorium założono hodowlę pokolenia rodzicielskiego (P), a ze złożonych kokonów otrzymano pokolenie F₁. Co miesiąc z gleby były ekstrahowane dżdżownice i kokony, a następnie ważone i umieszczane w nowej glebie. Eksperyment trwał aż do śmierci ostatniego osobnika pokolenia F₁ (4 lata). Najwyższe stężenia kadmu stwierdzono w tkankach osobników pochodzących z zanieczyszczonych lasów okolic Olkusza (89,4 ±26,3 mg·kg⁻¹) natomiast niższe w osobnikach z Puszczy Niepolomickiej (16,7± 11,8 mg·kg⁻¹) i Puszczy Kampinoskiej (8,7±4,0 mg·kg⁻¹). Zebrane w terenie osobniki pokolenia P z populacji olkuskiej akumulowały w hodowli znacznie większe dawki kadmu niż osobniki z pozostałych populacji. W pokoleniu F₁ nie stwierdzono międzypopulacyjnych różnic w akumulacji kadmu w tkankach. Kadm wpływał negatywnie na rozród (produkcję kokonów, masę kokonów, alokację reprodukcyjną) i przeżywalność (średni czas przeżycia, mediana czasu przeżycia) badanych populacji D. octaedra. Zaobserwowana wyższa odporność na skażenie kadmem (słabszy negatywny wpływ na rozród i przeżywalność) osobników pokolenia F₁ pochodzących z lasów olkuskich wydaje się sugerować istnienie u D. octaedra adaptacji do życia w środowisku skażonym metalami ciężkimi.

2

Metale w dzdzownicach

100%

Rozen A.

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tom 41

61-67

3

Ekofizjologia odzywiania dzdzownic

100%

Rozen A.

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tom 58

49-56

4

Allolobophora cernosvitoviana (Zicsi, 1967) (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) - gatunek dżdżownicy nowy dla fauny Polski

63%

Kostecka J. , Rozen A.

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nr 2

5

Altitude versus vegetation as the factors influencing the diversity and abundance of earthworms and other soil macrofauna in montane habitat (Silesian Beskid Mts, Western Carpatians)

51%

Rozen A. , Maslajek R. W. , Sobczyk L.

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nr 1

EN

The search for global regularities governing the biodiversity of living organisms has a long history, and altitudinal gradients have explanatory power. To determine whether soil animals exhibit altitudinal gradients of abundance and diversity and to assess the impact of plant communities (meadows and forests) on any observed patterns, we studied soil invertebrates along an altitudinal gradient of 500–1000 m a.s.l. in the Silesian Beskid Mts (Western Carpathians). Ten study plots were established in three vegetation zones in meadows and also forested sites (spruce, beech, oak-hornbeam, riparian). In spring, summer and autumn of 2004, 2005 and 2006, five soil samples (20 × 20 × 25 cm) were dug from every study plot on each occasion and invertebrates were separated from the soil by hand-sorting . Earthworms were identified to species, and other invertebrates to higher taxa. The two types of plant associations studied (meadow, forest) differed significantly in the population density and biomass of soil invertebrates – earthworms were more numerous in meadows (132.3 ind. m⁻² in meadows and 24 ind. m⁻² in forests) and other invertebrates in forests (57.7 ind. m⁻² in meadows and 67.4 ind. m⁻² in forests). Density tended to be higher in summer than in other seasons, and at minimum in autumn. Meadows of foothills and the lower montane zone were richest in earthworm species (7 species). Upper montane meadow, upper montane spruce forest and lower montane beech forest were poorest in earthworms (2 species).The most abundant animals among other invertebrates were larvae of Coleoptera and Diptera. Coleoptera larvae dominated at higher altitudes. The density and biomass of earthworms in meadows correlated negatively with elevation (density, r = -0.52, biomass r = -0.66). The corresponding correlations for other invertebrates were much weaker (density, r=-0.32; biomass, r = -0.31). The diversity of earthworms tended to decrease with altitude in meadows. Sites at higher elevations were poorer in species of both earthworms and other invertebrates. For both earthworms and other invertebrates in spruce forest there were no differences in biodiversity indices along the altitudinal gradient.

6

Wstepne badania nad konsumpcja i wybiorczoscia pokarmu skazonego miedzia i kadmem u dzdzownicy Lumbricus terrestris [Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta]

51%

Depta B. , Koscielniak A. , Rozen A.

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1996

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tom 47

131-137