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Microstructure and Hardness of Cu-22Sn-xC Alloys Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

Kim Gwanghun, Park Jungbin, Lee Seok-Jae, Kim Hee-Soo

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 1

71--75

EN

Cu-Sn alloys have been known as bronze since ancient times and widely used as electrode materials, ornaments, tableware and musical instruments. Cu-22Sn alloy fabrication by hot forging process is a Korean traditional forged high-tin bronze. The tin content is 22 percent, which is more than twice that of bronze ware traditionally used in China and the West. Copper and tin have a carbon solubility of several ppm at room temperature, making Cu-Sn-C alloys difficult to manufacture by conventional casting methods. Research on the production of carbon-added copper alloys has used a manufacturing method that is different from the conventional casting method. In this study, Cu-22Sn-xC alloy was fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. The carbon solubility was confirmed in Cu-Sn alloy through mechanical alloying. The lattice parameter increased from A0 to C2, and then decreased from C4. The microstructural characteristics of sintered alloys were determined using X-ray diffraction and microscopic analysis. As a result of comparing the hardness of Cu-22Sn alloys manufactured by conventional rolling, casting, and forging and Cu-22Sn-xC alloy by sintered powder metallugy, B0 sintered alloy was the highest at about 110.9 HRB.

2

Austenitic Stability and Strain-Induced Martensitic Transformation Behavior of Nanocrystalline FeNiCrMoC HSLA Steels

Park Jungbin, Jeon Junhyub, Seo Namhyuk, Kim Gwanghun, Son Seung Bae, Jung Jae-Gil, Lee Seok-Jae

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 1

77--80

EN

The austenitic stability and strain-induced martensitic transformation behavior of a nanocrystalline FeNiCrMoC alloy were investigated. The alloy was fabricated by high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering. The phase fraction and grain size were measured using X-ray diffraction. The grain sizes of the milled powder and the sintered alloy were confirmed to be on the order of several nanometers. The variation in the austenite fraction according to compressive deformation was measured, and the austenite stability and strain-induced martensitic transformation behavior were calculated. The hardness was measured to evaluate the mechanical properties according to compression deformation, which confirmed that the hardness increased to 64.03 HRC when compressed up to 30%.

3

Effect of Sintering Holding Time and Cooling Rate on the Austenite Stability and Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline FeCrC Alloy

Kim Gwanghun, Jeon Junhyub, Seo Namhyuk, Choi Seunggyu, Oh Min-Suk, Son Seung Bae, Lee Seok-Jae

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2021

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Vol. 66, iss. 3

759--763

EN

The effects of the sintering holding time and cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Fe-Cr-C alloy were investigated. Nanocrystalline Fe-1.5Cr-1C (wt.%) alloy was fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Different process conditions were applied to fabricate the sintered samples. The phase fraction and grain size were measured using X-ray powder diffraction and confirmed by electron backscatter diffraction. The stability and volume fraction of the austenite phase, which could affect the mechanical properties of the Fe-based alloy, were calculated using an empirical equation. The sample names consist of a number and a letter, which correspond to the holding time and cooling method, respectively. For the 0A, 0W, 10A, and 10W samples, the volume fraction was measured at 5.56, 44.95, 6.15, and 61.44 vol.%. To evaluate the mechanical properties, the hardness of 0A, 0W, 10A, and 10W samples were measured as 44.6, 63.1, 42.5, and 53.8 HRC. These results show that there is a difference in carbon diffusion and solubility depending on the sintering holding time and cooling rate.