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Research of Building the Reasonable Mixing Ratio between Waste Rock and Fly Ash as Backfill Material in Mongduong-Cocsau Area, Quang Ninh, Vietnam

Nguyen Phi Hung, Nguyen Cao Khai, Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2023

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no. 2, vol. 1

257--265

EN

The coal mining industry in Quang Ninh province is primarily focused on serving thermal power plants which has resulted in a substantial amount of waste rock and ash. This way has not only narrowed the used land but also had a negative impact on the environment. However, the economic development plan for the province until 2030 emphasizes the development of a greener economy. Therefore, balancing between economic growth and environmental protection is one of the significant challenges of this province. To solve the problem of waste rock and ash dumps, some methods have been proposed. It tends to use waste materials for backfilling the underground mines, this can help to minimize the bad impact on the environment. Additionally, Another solution is to handle the waste in abandoned mining areas, or use them as construction materials. These ways are expected to partially reduce the bad effects of waste rock and ash dumps on the environment. In the world, there are many studies on filling using waste rock and fly ash, but in Vietnam this issue is quite new. In order to turn waste rock and fly ash into filling materials, the article researches on a laboratory scale, the ability of transportation in hydraulic pipelines, level of the water separation and shrinkage of mixtures of rock and fly ash in the Mong Duong – Coc Sau area with the different proportions. The results of the experiments show that the area has appropriate mixing ratio as 70–73% of waste rock and 30–27% of fly ash, this ratio satisfies the transportation conditions in the pipeline and the shrinkage rate of 8, 8–12.3%. The indicators in experiments show that it is able to take waste rock into mined underground area to fill, which prevents displacement of strata from mining, protects the underground water flow, and also reduces negative impact of waste rock on environment.

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Research about building the management for mineral software. Case Study in the Tuyen Quang Province

Nguyen Phi Hung, Bui Manh Tung, Nguyen Caokhai, Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2022

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T. 38, z. 1

151--169

EN

Mining industry is an important sector that produces materials for other industries, also plays an important role in economic and social development, especially in a developing country like Vietnam. However, mineral mining can destroy the environment and deplete resources over time. The biggest challenge for state managers is to balance the conflict between the mining planning, development planning of other economic sectors and environmental issues. One of the solutions is to replace backward, manual extraction tools with the application of the modern computer (Modernize government administration). In Viet Nam, at present, the provincial management agency of mines faces up with difficult problems such as: backward management method, lowly informative level, not using the current data effectively, even some areas can manage data well but can hardly and lowly share them, the current softwares are mainly document management, most of maps are stored on paper, digital map manage is not really cared. The traditional procedure and technology needs to be innovated by the way of enhancing to synthetically manage mineral resources, this can advance speed and quality of data processing, reduce the burden on employees and raise the level of office automation. The article uses the open code ASP.NET combined with GIS (Geographic Information Systems), based on the mineral economic development planning map in Tuyen Quang province, tools for editing, storing and extracting informaion are built detailedly for activities in mines from the beginning to the end of mining process. As a result, managers and authorities can easily search information for their work.

PL

Przemysł wydobywczy jest ważnym sektorem produkującym surowce dla innych gałęzi przemysłu, odgrywa również ważną rolę w rozwoju gospodarczym i społecznym, zwłaszcza w kraju rozwijającym się, takim jak Wietnam. Jednak wydobycie kopalin może z biegiem czasu niszczyć środowisko przyrodnicze i sczerpywać ich zasoby. Największym wyzwaniem dla dyrektorów spółek państwowych jest zrównoważenie konfliktu między planowaniem górniczym, planowaniem rozwoju innych sektorów gospodarki oraz kwestiami ochrony środowiska. Jednym z rozwiązań jest zastąpienie prymitywnych, ręcznych narzędzi do zarzadzania wydobyciem kopalin przez nowoczesne komputery (modernizacja administracji rządowej). W Wietnamie regionalna agencja zarządzania kopalniami boryka się obecnie z trudnymi problemami, takimi jak: zacofany sposób zarządzania, niski poziom informacyjny czy nieefektywne wykorzystanie aktualnych danych. Obecne oprogramowanie to głównie zarządzanie dokumentami, większość map jest w wersji papierowej, zarządzanie mapami cyfrowymi nie jest tak naprawdę ważne. Tradycyjna procedura i technologia wymagają innowacji poprzez usprawnienie syntetycznego zarządzania zasobami mineralnymi, co może przyspieszyć i poprawić jakość przetwarzania danych, zmniejszyć obciążenie pracowników i podnieść poziom automatyzacji biura. Artykuł wykorzystuje otwarty kod ASP.NET w połączeniu z GIS (Geographic Information Systems), w oparciu o mapę planowania rozwoju gospodarki surowcami mineralnymi w prowincji Tuyen Quang, narzędzia do edycji oraz przechowywania i wydobywania informacji są budowane szczegółowo dla działań w kopalniach od początku do końca procesu wydobycia. Dzięki temu kadra zarządzająca i władze regionalne mogą łatwo wyszukiwać informacje dotyczące swojej pracy.

3

Research the Integration of Geodetic and Geotechnical Methods in Monitoring the Horizontal Displacement of Diaphragm Walls

Pham Quoc Khanh, Tran Ngoc Dong, Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh, Pham Van Chung

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2021

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no. 2

331--340

EN

This article investigates the integration of geodetic and geotechnical methods for monitoring the horizontal displacement of diaphragm walls. The results show that when the horizontal displacement is measured by the geotechnical method using an inclinometer sensor, the center point at the bottom of the guide pipe is usually chosen to be the origin to calculate displacements of the upper points. However, it is challenging to survey the bottom point for checking its stability directly. If this bottom point moves, the observation results will be incorrect. Thus, the guide pipe must be installed in the stable rock layer. But in the soft ground, this rock layer locates more deeply than the diaphragm walls, so the guide pipe cannot be laid out at the required location. Geodetic methods can directly observe the displacement of the center point on the top of the guide pipe with absolute displacement values at high accuracy. Because the displacements of observation points are determined at stable benchmarks, these values are considered the pipe's displacement. Thus, an integrated solution allows the center point on the top of the pipe to be the origin to calculate the displacements of different points located inside the diaphragm wall. Then, the calculated values are calibrated back to the inclinometer observed values to achieve highly reliable displacement, which reflects the moving of diaphragm walls. An experiment integrating the geodetic and geotechnical methods is conducted with an observation point at a depth of 20 meters at a construction site in Ho Chi Minh city. The deviations of the top point that are observed by the two methods are -4.37 millimeters and -3.69 millimeters on the X-axis and the Y-axis, respectively. The corrected observed results prove that the integrated solution has a good efficiency in monitoring the horizontal displacement of diaphragm walls. The bottom point observed by an inclinometer is unconfident enough to choose to be a reference point.