Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Evaluation of interior air quality in terms of volatile organic compounds emission inside a new passenger car cabin depending on the temperature

Skrętowicz M., Włostowski R., Kozłowski C.

Journal of KONES

|

2018

|

Vol. 25, No. 4

393--398

EN

The new passenger car, BMW 225 XE was tested. The results of measurements of concentration of VOCs carried out inside the car cabin depending on the temperature were presented. The investigation was carried out in a special climatic chamber isolated from external factors such as outside air pollutants and weather conditions. The following temperature values have been set: 17ºC, 20ºC, 35ºC and 50ºC. The samples were located inside and outside of the vehicle’s cabin. As expected, the concentrations of each compound increased with increasing temperature (volatility of VOCs increases with the temperature). Values of concentrations obtained in the measurements have been compared with the values of highest acceptable concentration specified in polish law. The article describes the investigation, which was provided in a special climatic chamber. The chamber was isolated from external weather conditions and pollutants. Before each sampling interior of car cabin was ventilated to remove all pollutants from inside. Concentrations of BTX measured in different temperatures were converted to temperature of 20ºC.

2

Metody pomiaru prędkości obrotowej w mechatronice

Andrych-Zalewska M., Włostowski R., Wróbel R.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

|

2018

|

R. 19, nr 9

105--107

PL

W artykule omówiono metody pomiaru prędkości obrotowej. Przedstawiono metody klasyczne oraz nową metodę wykorzystującą pomiar drgań jako funkcję wejściową w procesie uzyskiwania wyniku prędkości obrotowej wału korbowego. Aby uzyskać prawidłowe INFORMACJE diagnostyczne, wymagana jest klasyczna ścieżka diagnostyczna oraz cyfrowe przetwarzanie sygnału. Praca zawiera również informacje na temat magistrali CAN, a także systemu EOBD.

EN

The article discusses methods of measuring rotational speed. Classical methods as well as a new method using vibration measurement as the input function in the process of obtaining the result of the crankshaft rotational speed were presented. A classic diagnostic path, as well as digital signal processing, is required to obtain the correct diagnostic INFORMATION. The work also includes information on the CAN bus as well as the EOBD system.

3

Wybrane aspekty cyfrowego przetwarzania sygnałów diagnostycznych

Andrych-Zalewska M., Włostowski R., Wróbel R.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

|

2017

|

R. 18, nr 12

686--689, CD

PL

W artykule omówiono najważniejsze aspekty cyfrowego przetwarzania sygnałów cyfrowych w diagnostyce silników spalinowych. Omówiono zmianę dziedziny czasu do dziedziny częstotliwości, a także wykorzystanie filtrowania (zarówno w dziedzinie czasu, jak i częstotliwości), wspomagającego właściwą analizę sygnału. Przedstawiono praktyczne zastosowanie wymienionych aspektów CPS na przykładzie analizy sygnałów wibroakustycznych silnika, mierzonych z użyciem laserowej wibrometrii dopplerowskiej, jak i akcelerometrii. Przedstawione przykłady dotyczą zarówno silnika zamontowanego w pojeździe, jak i pomiarów wykonanych na hamowni silnikowej.

EN

The article discusses the most important aspects of digital signal processing in diagnostics of internal combustion engines. It discusses changing the time domain into the frequency domain, as well as the use of filtering (both time and frequency) to support proper signal analysis. The practical application of these aspects of DSP is illustrated by the analysis of vibroacoustic signals of the engine, measured using laser Doppler vibrometry and accelerometry systems.

4

Metody pomiaru prędkości obrotowej w mechatronice

Andrych-Zalewska M., Włostowski R., Wróbel R.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

|

2017

|

R. 18, nr 12

682--685, CD

PL

W artykule omówione zostały metody pomiaru prędkości obrotowej. Zaprezentowano metody klasyczne, jak i nową metodę, wykorzystującą pomiar drgań, jako funkcję wejściową w procesie otrzymania wyniku wartości prędkości obrotowej wału korbowego. Przedstawiono klasyczny tor diagnostyczny, a także operacje cyfrowego przetwarzania sygnałów, niezbędne do otrzymania właściwej wiadomości diagnostycznej. W pracy znajdują się także informacje, dotyczące magistrali CAN, a także systemu EOBD.

EN

The article discusses methods of measuring rotational speed. Classical methods as well as a new method using vibration measurement as the input function in the process of obtaining the result of the crankshaft rotational speed were presented. A classic diagnostic path, as well as digital signal processing, is required to obtain the correct diagnostic INFORMATION. The work also includes information on the CAN bus as well as the EOBD system.

5

Wpływ składu syngazu zasilającego silnik o zapłonie iskrowym na toksyczność spalin

Janicka A., Kot E., Skrętowicz M., Włostowski R., Zawiślak M.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2016

|

T. 95, nr 9

1683--1686

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w celu oceny możliwości zastosowania syngazu do napędzania silnika spalinowego oraz ocenę wpływu jego spalania w silniku na emisję toksycznych składników spalin. W badaniach zastosowano gazy techniczne, z których tworzono mieszanki metanu, tlenku węgla(II), ditlenku węgla i wodoru o różnym składzie ilościowym. Wyeliminowano w ten sposób zmienność parametrów biomasy oraz zanieczyszczenia biogazu. Oceniono jaki skład syngazu jest dla silnika spalinowego najkorzystniejszy z punktu widzenia zarówno pracy silnika, jak również emisji spalin. Zbadano łącznie trzy różne mieszaniny oraz dla porównania przeprowadzono takie same pomiary dla benzyny.

EN

Three MeH, H2, CO2 and CO-contg. syngas mixts. were prepd. and used for supplying the engine to study the toxicity of exhaust gases. The combustion of the studied mixts. resulted in substantially lower contents of CO and hydrocarbons than the combustion of a com. gasoline (comparison test). The content of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas increased with increasing the MeH content in the syngas.

6

Transmission of vibrations from the engine to the car body

Aleksieva V., Valchanov H., Magdziak-Tokłowicz M., Wróbel J., Włostowski R.

Journal of KONES

|

2016

|

Vol. 23, No. 4

17--23

EN

Vibrations have become an important factor of vehicles. Vibration tests help identify, and then tune the automotive vehicle to improve the structural strength. Due to the increasing development of vehicles and machines and their widespread use. Increased research-using vibrations due to their low or zero interference with the vehicle under test. Vibration testing is often carried out using Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV), a device that is used for contactless measurement of vibration on the surface. The laser beam is directed from the device to the surface of interest, and the amplitude and frequency of vibration are extracted from the Doppler shift frequency of the reflected laser beam due to the movement surface. High values of vibration transmitted from the engine, and the way significantly affect the body of the vehicle and the driver. Article presents results of research carried out on vehicles powered by three different engines and rpm. Tests were carried out on an engine dynamometer in the same environmental conditions. Two of engines were with spark ignition, including one with a supercharged engine and compression ignition engine. The measurements were made using the Laser Doppler Vibrometry using Fast Fourier Transform. The spectrum obtained is used for further analysis to determine the acceleration level at various frequencies. Obtained from Fast Fourier Transform readings used for drawing graphs of frequency V acceleration. The results of the study are interesting and promising, as they show a significant difference in the velocity for spark ignition engines and compression-ignition.

7

Acoustic Diagnostics Applications in the Study of Technical Condition of Combustion Engine

Deptuła A., Kunderman D., Osiński P., Radziwanowska U., Włostowski R.

Archives of Acoustics

|

2016

|

Vol. 41, No. 2

345--350

EN

The paper presents the possible applications of using acoustic diagnostics in inspecting the technical condition of an internal combustion engine with autoignition on the example of the Fiat drive unit with common rail system. As a result of measuring the sound pressure level for specific faults and comparing the noise generated by the motor running smoothly, the detailed maps of changes in the acoustic spectrum are possible to generate. These results may be helpful in the future diagnostics of internal combustion engines. In the paper, the results of scientific work in the area of research, design and operation of internal combustion engines, conducted at the Department of Automotive Engineering, in cooperation with the Laboratory of Hydraulic Drives & Vibroacoustics of Machines at the Wroclaw University of Technology are included.

8

Numerical analysis of volatile organic compounds concentration in A C segmnet vehicle interior – diesel engine exhoust pollution

Dudycz A., Górniak A., Janicka A., Rodak M., Skrętowicz M., Trzmiel K., Włostowski R., Woźniak J., Zawiślak M.

Journal of Polish CIMEEAC

|

2015

|

Vol. 10, no 1

45--52

EN

In large cities the number of inhabitants constantly increases. It is caused by economic issues. The evergrowing populations causes more intense traffic and in consequence increase of air pollutions. Topology and roads configuration is conducive to the accumulation of toxic substances. Harmful substances accumulates inside the vehicles interiors which significantly deteriorate microclimate within the cabin. The study aimed to determine the amount of harmful substances getting into the interior of vehicles and their distribution have been presented in this paper.

9

The methodology of grade of gasification reactor effectivity

Jagiełło A., Magdziak-Tokłowicz M., Górniak A., Trzmiel K., Włostowski R., Wróbel R.

Journal of KONES

|

2015

|

Vol. 22, No. 4

109--116

EN

Ecology problems are addressed in all areas of engineering. Gasification is widely used methodology, which allows to power vehicles and fuel generators via alternative fuel. The more it seems important to address the issues of gasification in the group of scientists dealing with machines. In article authors present results of methodology in effectivity of gasification graduation. The base of experiment is the complimentary reactor, which was made for gasification of different materials. Gases that are achieved on the output of the system are used to supply combustion engines. In article, expect mentioned methodology, authors present reactor build and measurement (including complimentary software) system, mounted on system. The new energy supplies are still discovered. At the same time, researchers on good know substances are in progress. In article, authors are presented one of the methods of gasification reactor effectivity. Authors’ reactor has a burning chamber, and outlet circuit. Presented methodology was relayed on E-E system with software part. System is contained a few thermocouples with multiplexing ADC card for acquisition of data. All parts are presented in an article. An article is a result of progressing grant in DEMONSTRATOR+ program (no. WND-DEM-1-527/001).

10

The concept of measuring vibration in PRAMAC S12000 generating set

Jagiełło A., Trzmiel K., Włostowski R., Wróbel R.

Journal of KONES

|

2015

|

Vol. 22, No. 4

117--123

EN

Vibration measurements are now widely applied and developed field of science. The article is an example of the application of that field diagnostic using the accelerometer. The study was conducted at Honda GX630 combustion engine in a current generator system. The generator is characterized in that it can be powered by either liquid fuel, or which gas. The results of vibration measurements is presented for (both) gas mixtures containing varying concentrations, as well as for gasoline. The paper presents the results of the vibration, based on an analysis of the time and frequency domain, using Fast Fourier Transform. In the analysis analogue filters, and digital filters (windowing) was used. The analysis includes proposals concerning vibrations difference for individual substances in comparison to vibrations of engine powered a classic, liquid fuel. To simplify the analysis, and thus the discussion on the results, the data presented in the charts with honours major changes in the received, digitized results. Measurements and results presented in the article were carried out as part of a pilot project to support research and development in scale demonstration DEMONSTRATOR+ (WND- DEM-1-527 / 001).

11

Pressure waves influence on performance of a pyrotechnically driven device

Górniak A., Kaźmierczak A., Włostowski R., Ptak M.

Journal of KONES

|

2015

|

Vol. 22, No. 3

21--27

EN

This paper contains an experimental investigation of a movable wall with variable shape response to a shock wave. Here, the shock wave was generated by a pyrotechnic gas generator used in the automotive industry. The test station consists on a pyrotechnic actuator in which the movable wall is expressed as a piston. This pyrotechnic actuator was specially design for such type of an investigation. Its design allows withstanding numerous tests without affecting the accuracy. What was under investigation here was the actuators piston stroke velocity and which, as it appeared, changes with respect to the various shape of the actuators interior as well as a corresponding to the barrier velocity total pressure existing within the expansion chamber of the actuator. The results shown here correspond to the flat surface as well as conical and concave cylinder bottom of the actuator. The conical and flat piston surface is considered as a reference for subsequent investigation because such a design is the most similar to the existing pyrotechnically driven designs. The experimental research proves that the performance of pyrotechnically driven devices is dependent upon the shock wave shaping.

12

Entrance research on pressure distribution in combustion chamber of gasoline engine applied in electric generator, fuelled by syngas, for different ignition timing

Janicka A., Magdziak-Tokłowicz M., Rodak M., Trzmiel K., Włostowski R., Zawiślak M.

Journal of KONES

|

2015

|

Vol. 22, No. 4

125--131

EN

Synthetic gas (syngas) produced form waste organic matter may be used as a fuel for internal combustion engines. Possibilities of syngas application as an independent IC engine energy carrier are limited. Designed system of energy conversion from waste to electricity is expected to produce gas consists mainly carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Based on theoretical study and own research, as the main factors which impact on floating syngas composition the quality of input substance, process temperature and gasifying medium application were identified. The fluctuation of syngas composition contributes important challenge in aspect of energetic efficiency and mechanical durability of generator system. The researches were provided on research test bed, which enables pressure distribution measurement in the combustion chamber (for various mixture of synthetic gases) and correction of ignition timing. The results of the researches indicate that proper correction of the ignition advance allows syngas mixtures combustion in wide range of their composition.

13

Preliminary investigation of a gaseous fuel composition influence on spark ignition engine performance

Górniak A., Trzmiel K., Włostowski R., Wróbel R.

Combustion Engines

|

2015

|

R. 54, nr 3

683--687

EN

This paper constitutes a performance comparison of an engine fed with various mixture of gases which can be expected as a product of biomass gasification – i.e. hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane. The share of those components is dependent mainly upon the gasification process, and the gasified fuel type. For this reason the test station was designed for easy change of the gas mixture composition. Here, a set of various 12 gas mixtures was taken into account for the evaluation of the engine power, cylinder temperature and fuel consumption. Statistically elaborated influence of the gas fuel composition on the parameters of engine performance constitutes the basis for the selection of the best engine, optimization of engine’s adjustments as well as development of the control algorithm for a gasification unit.

PL

Artykuł stanowi porównanie parametrów pracy silnika o zapłonie iskrowym zasilanego mieszaniną gazów powstałych, jako produkty procesów zgazowania biomasy – tj. wodór, tlenek i dwutlenek węgla oraz metan. Udział poszczególnych gazów jest zależny w głównej mierze od procesu zgazowania oraz od rodzaju paliwa, które podlega zgazowaniu. Stanowisko pomiarowe umożliwia dowolną kompozycję składu paliwa gazowego. Badano wpływ 12 mieszanin gazowych na parametry użytkowe silnika spalinowego, m.in. na temperaturę gazów wylotowych i zużycie paliwa. Opracowany statystycznie wpływ składu mieszaniny gazowej na parametry pracy silnika stanowić będzie podstawę do doboru optymalnych nastaw i opracowanie algorytmu sterującego jednostką ECU.

14

Conditioning of a biomass gasification product gases for supplying a combustion engine

Górniak A., Janicka A., Skrętowicz M., Trzmiel K., Włostowski R., Wróbel R., Zawiślak M.

Combustion Engines

|

2015

|

R. 54, nr 3

816--820

EN

The consequence of biomass gasification is generation of a gas mixture composed mainly of hydrogen, carbon mono and dioxide, and methane, called SNG (Substitute Natural Gas) which can be utilized as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines. However, the product gas mixture cannot be directly supplied to the engine due to variability of its composition as well as its impurities. This brings the necessity to conduct a series of procedures of gas purification and conditioning before supplying the engine. This paper therefore deliberates a concept of gas conditioning method.

PL

W wyniku procesów zgazowania biomasy powstaje mieszanina gazów składająca się między innymi z wodoru, tlenu węgla, ditlenku węgla i metanu, tzw. syngaz, który może zostać wykorzystany jako paliwo alternatywne do silnika spalinowego. Powstały syngaz, ze względu na swój skład (występowanie zanieczyszczeń) i parametry nie może być jedna podany do silnika w sposób bezpośredni. Niezbędne jest więc przeprowadzenie szeregu zabiegów kondycjonowania i oczyszczania gazu syntetycznego. W pracy przedstawiono koncepcję i metody kondycjonowania gazów.

15

Comparison of mileage fuel consumption with the natural operation of the three different cycles

Sitnik L. J., Magdziarz-Tokłowicz M., Walkowiak Wł., Wróbel R., Włostowski R.

Journal of KONES

|

2014

|

Vol. 21, No. 4

439--444

EN

In the automotive industry in the world continuously being sought universal driving cycle. The test should closely match the fuel consumption and emissions of toxins in the fumes of the test vehicle in its real operating conditions [4]. However, in the previously developed solid driving tests established velocity profiles differ significantly from actual driving conditions. The difference in fuel consumption, comparing the natural operation of the NEDC test reaches an average of 18%. The new version of the driving cycle should be more realistic to the everyday use of additional equipment and gadgets that are installed in modern vehicles [1]. The impact on fuel consumption by vehicles may be conditioned not only by its size and weight, but also by the geometry of the track motion, forces causing the motion and the forces acting on the car when driving on curved tracks. The vehicle encounters and overcomes all the forces that act on it while driving-resistance movement. In the energy intake through the vehicle runs in the motor changes at the expense of the energy of fuel consumed. The driving force performs work on a given stretch of road balancing (predominant) friction. On the basis of the calculated resistance movement and the energy consumption of the movement in the selected object was a comparison of the actual consumption of fuel in the vehicle with the ignition spark. Analysis was performed and found differences in three cycles: urban, extra-urban and combined.

16

Analiza metod pomiarowych ciśnienia w komorze spalania silnika spalinowego w aspekcie zastosowania jako sygnału sterującego w silnikach o zapłonie samoczynnym

Włostowski R., Wróbel R., Trzmiel K., Dyrcz K., Dębowski L.

Combustion Engines

|

2013

|

R. 52, nr 3

587--592

PL

Artykuł porusza obecne problemy z zakresu sterowania silnikiem spalinowym. W algorytmach sterowników silnika spalinowego nie uwzględnia się w sposób bezpośredni przebiegu ciśnienia procesu spalania. Wykorzystywane obecnie metody pomiarowe opierają się głównie o pomiary ciśnienia z użyciem czujników akcelerometrycznych, bądź pomiarów chwilowych zmian prędkości obrotowej wału korbowego, przy wykorzystaniu czujników prędkości obrotowej. W ten sposób otrzymane wyniki zawierają jedynie informację o poprawności bądź jakości procesu spalania. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę obecnie stosowanych metod odczytu ciśnienia w komorze spalania, przeprowadzając rozważania na temat zastosowania pomiarów pośrednich (np. drgań z użyciem wibrometrii laserowej) w celu otrzymania informacji o przebiegu ciśnień.

EN

The paper discusses current problems in the field of internal combustion engine control. The algorithms of the combustion engine control does not include directly the course of the pressure resulting from the combustion process. Currently used measurement methods are mainly based on pressure measurements using the accelerometric sensor, or the measurement of instantaneous changes in crankshaft rotational velocity, using the velocity sensor. In this way, the results obtained provides only information about the accuracy or the quality of the combustion process. The paper analyses the currently used methods of pressure in the combustion chamber measurement, deliberating on the indirect measurements utilisation (e.g., vibration using laser vibrometry) in order to obtain information about the pressure waveform.

17

The numerical simulation of the pyrotechnic actuator for the active bumper

Górniak A., Kaźmierczak A., Krakowian K., Włostowski R, Błasiński T.

Journal of KONES

|

2012

|

Vol. 19, No. 3

141-147

EN

The paper contains the description and classification of pyrotechnic actuators focusing on the automotive industry applications. This paper also explains the compatibility issues during frontal impact of a passenger car with a large truck. The construction of the pyrotechnic actuators for the "active bumper" is presented here. The processes occurring within the pyrotechnic actuators after ignition of a pyrotechnic propellants have been explained. The investigations are focused on the dependence of a shape of the actuator's combustion chamber and the piston stroke time. It appears that the appropriate design of the combustion chamber can decrease the time required for a piston stroke using this same type of a propellant. This also allows to reduce the amount of propellant when the more rapid stroke is not required. This is because of the characteristics of the detonation waves which are responsible for the piston movement. The visualization of the detonation waves occurring due to ignition of the propellant is crucial for understanding the dependence between the construction of the actuators interior and the piston stroke time. Therefore, the approach of simulating numerically the detonation waves aroused. This simulation was conducted with aid of ANSYS Workbench 13 environment using the AUTODYN module. The numerical tests consists on modelling the actuator without changing the overall dimensions as well as the parameters of the propellant. The only elements modified were piston and the bottom of the cylinder shape.

18

Exhaust gas dose uniformity in modern diesel engines

Krakowian K., Kaźmierczak A., Kaźmierczak A., Górniak A., Włostowski R, Błasiński T.

Journal of KONES

|

2012

|

Vol. 19, No. 2

259-262

EN

Currently, the environment protection challenges the designers and manufacturers of combustion engines due to the fact that the engine emits toxic compounds, which are hazardous to the life organisms. Increasingly strict regulations concerning emission of the exhaust gases forces application of the innovative technologies or improvement of the presently used. One of systems, which reduce the toxicity of the exhaust gases, is the Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system. This solution reverse part of the exhaust gases back into the manifold and mixes it with fresh inlet air. In consequence, the combustion temperature decreases. Less oxygen reacts with nitrogen and more connects with carbon and hydrogen. Presently there are two types of EGR system i.e. internal and external. In case of the first one part of the exhaust gases remains in the combustion chamber after the combustion but its construction is not complicated. The external EGR system uses one valve of the exhaust gas recirculation system located on the manifold. This location can result of the uneven portion of exhaust gases directed to the combustion chamber. In consequence, the decrease on the temperature is also uneven and therefore different portion of nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gases.

19

Koncepcja nowego komputera pokładowego ECU do sterowania silnikiem pojazdu samochodowego z wykorzystaniem DSP

Dębowski L., Dyrcz K. P., Kawaliło P., Trzmiel K., Włostowski R., Wróbel R.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Maszyn, Napędów i Pomiarów Elektrycznych Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały

|

2011

|

Vol. 65, nr 31

159-168

PL

W referacie przedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania rozwojowych modułów jednostek centralnych z elementami DSP/FPGA do sterowania silnikami pojazdów samochodowych. Omówiono standard pokładowego systemu diagnostycznego EOBD oraz magistralę komunikacyjną CAN, występujące we współczesnych pojazdach samochodowych. Zaprezentowano potencjalne możliwości, jakie niesie za sobą zmiana parametrów zasilania silnika, przy wykorzystaniu najnowszych procesorów sygnałowych w dedykowanych modułach do budowy nowoczesnych komputerów ECU.

EN

In article the possibility of a new module of central unit with DSP/FPGA elements to car vehicle engines control is described. Elaborated European On Board Diagnosis (EOBD) standard presented in nowadays cars' vehicles. Presented abilities that changes of engine's parameter by the newest digital signal processors in dedicated modules for ECU are carried out.