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2 Pigłowski Marcin

2 2023

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Eastern european union countries in the intra-EU food trade in 1999–2019

Pigłowski Marcin

Scientific Journal of Gdynia Maritime University

2023

nr 126

19--32

The results of research on intra-European Union (EU) food trade conducted by the Eastern EU countries were presented in 1999-2019, including exports and imports. The study applied cluster analysis: Eastern EU countries’ share of intra-EU food trade increased from 5% (in 1999) to 15% (in 2019). These countries traded mostly in beverages, cereals, fruit and vegetables. Eastern EU countries traded in food mainly among themselves, including their closest neighbours, regionally and with Germany. To increase their share of exports to other EU countries, these countries could use lower food prices and the benefits of traditional approaches to food production.

Notifications in European Rapid Alert system for dangerous products (RAPEX)

Pigłowski Marcin

Safety and Reliability of Systems and Processes

2023

Summer Safety and Reliability Seminar 2023

187--198

The goal of the study was to analyse European Rapid Alert system for dangerous products (RAPEX) notifications, taking into account: year, product category, risk type, submitting country and origin country. The study covered the years 2005–2021 (the entire period of the RAPEX operation) and used two-way joining cluster analysis. The most significant risks were: chemical risks and choking in toys from China, injuries in motor vehicles from European Union (EU) countries, i.e. Germany, France, Italy, the United Kingdom, Spain, as well as the United States and Japan and choking, injuries and strangulation in clothing items from Turkey. The quick flow of information, cooperation between EU countries within the RAPEX and open access to data make an important contribution to improving consumer safety on the European market, and localising production in Europe (following the COVID-19 outbreak and the war in Ukraine) could further improve this safety.