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Content available Biofilms - a danger for food industry
EN
Bacterial biofilm is a complex structure of microorganisms with variable qualitative composition depending on the raw materials used, parameters of the production process and localization in hardly accessible places for antimicrobial agents. At the same time, the life of bacteria in the biofilm structure increases the resistance of pathogens and the probability of their survival in adverse conditions. However, the effectiveness of biofilm removal is still not satisfactory, despite the constant improvement of the cleaning and disinfection procedures of industrial surfaces. The methods of biofilm eradication used so far can be divided into three groups (physical, biological, chemical). Numerous in vitro studies indicate that alternatives to commonly used disinfectants may be natural substances such as essential oils that have bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity. The present review will focus on describing biofilm formation and performance. In addition, the paper describes an overview of the methods used to prevent and eradicate biofilms.
PL
Złoże soli kamiennej „Mogilno I”, eksploatowane otworowo od 1986 r. przez Inowrocławskie Kopalnie Soli „Solino” S.A. od lat jest coraz lepiej rozpoznawane, stosując różnorodne metody badań. W ostatnich latach zasięg złoża i jego budowa wewnętrzna zostały doprecyzowane nowoczesnymi pomiarami georadarem otworowym. Całość dotychczasowych badań geologicznych została zweryfikowana i przedstawiona w formie modelu 3D złoża, co stanowi podstawę aktualizacji dokumentacji geologicznej złoża, podnosząc jednocześnie bezpieczeństwo eksploatacji i środowiska. Obecnie pomiary georadarem otworowym stanowią istotne narzędzie standardowego pakietu prac rozpoznawczych w IKS Solino S.A.
EN
Rock salt deposit „Mogilno I”, exploited through boreholes since 1986 by Inowrocławskie Kopalnie Soli “Solino” S.A., has been better and better explored, using diverse methods. Range and internal geological structure of a salt dome has been clarified applying modern measurements - borehole georadar (Ground Penetrating Radar – GPR). The whole of geological investigations have been verified and presented as a 3D model of a deposit, that is base of geological documentation update, increasing at the same time safety of the exploitation process and natural environment as well. Nowadays borehole georadar surveys are crucial tool at Solino's standard exploration package.
3
Content available remote Modelowanie osiadań podłoża słabego na podstawie badań in situ
PL
Opis procedury obliczeniowej osiadania podłoża słabego z uwzględnieniem pierwotnych parametrów geotechnicznych torfu. Weryfikacja zaproponowanego modelu obliczeń osiadania. Przykład obliczeń osiadania dla nabrzeża Fińskiego w porcie szczecińskim oraz wnioski do realizacji obliczeń inżynierskich i projektowania.
EN
Description of the calculation procedure for estimation of settlements of weak subsoil including primary geotechnical parameters of peat. Verification of the model proposed. Example of calculations of the settlement for Finland Quay in Szczecin Port and practical recommendations for engineering calculations.
4
Content available remote Characterizations of polynomial-Gaussian processes that are Markovian
EN
We consider questions of characterizing a stochastic process X= (Xt, t ≥ 0) by the properties of the first two conditional moments. Our first result is a new version of the classical P. Lévy characterization theorem for martingales. Next we deal with a characterization of processes without continuous trajectories. We consider a special form of the initial state. Namely, we suppose that the r.v. X0 has a polynomial-normal distribution (PND), i.e. the density of X0 is the product of a positive polynomial and a normal density.
5
Content available remote Polynomial-Gaussian vectors and polynomial-Gaussian processes
EN
The density of a d-dimensional polynomial-Gaussian distribution (PGDd) 5 the product of a non-negative polynomial and a Gaussian density. The density of a (PGDd) has many properties similar to a rf-dimensional Gaussian distribution (GDd), but one-dimensional marginal distributions of (PGDd) are (PGD1). Analogously one-dimensional densities of a polynomial-Gaussian process (PGP) are (PGD1). We investigate the differences and similarities between the Gaussian and non-Gaussian cases.
EN
This paper considers a class of densities formed by taking the prod uct of nonnegative polynomials and normal densities. We investigate some relations of these densities with Hermite polylnomials. We construct a set of polynomials orthogonal with respect to the polynomial-normal density (PND ) . We invesigate the distribution of sums of independent random variables (r.v.) with PND. We construct a stochastic process such that the one-dimensional density of this process is PND.
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