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Ocena wpływu acetonocyjanohydryny na rozwój mikroorganizmów w osadzie czynnym

Dereszewska A., Miller H., Rutkowska M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni

2016

nr 93

112--116

Acetonocyjanohydryna jest ciekłą niebezpieczną substancją chemiczną przewożoną luzem statkami przez polskie obszary morskie. Należy do kategorii MARPOL Y – oznacza to, że jej zrzucenie do morza ze zbiorników (w wyniku ich mycia lub usuwania balastu) stanowi zagrożenie dla zasobów morskich. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu acetonocyjanohydryny na rozwój mikroorganizmów w osadzie czynnym. Badania wykonano z wykorzystaniem osadu czynnego pochodzącego z biologicznej oczyszczalni ścieków. Ocenę przeprowadzono za pomocą testów respirometrycznych. Wyniki testu wykazały, że substancja zawierająca łatwo przyswajalne źródła węgla, benzoesan sodu o stężeniu 2,5 mg/dm3 , powoduje 53-procentowy wzrost aktywności oddechowej mikroorganizmów osadu czynnego. Natomiast acetonocyjanohydryna w stężeniu 2,5 mg/dm3 wykazuje 29,5-procentową inhibicję wzrostu mikroorganizmów. Tym samym test wykazał, że acetonocyjanohydryna nie stanowi przyswajalnego źródła węgla dla mikroorganizmów osadu czynnego.

Acetone cyanohydrin is a noxious liquid substance carried in bulk by Polish marine areas. This is the substance of MARPOL category Y which, if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, is deemed to present a hazard to either marine resources or human health. The aim of the work was to assess the inluencet of acetone cyanohydrin on the growth of microorganisms in activated sludge. Activated sludge was taken from biological wastewater treatment plant. Evaluation was carried out using respirometric assays. Test resultsshowed that the adiition ofsodium benzoate (at a concentration of 2,5 mg/dm3 ) into activate sludge shows causes a 53% increase in respiratory activity of activated sludge. Acetone cyanohydrin at the same concentration causes 29,5% inhibition of growth of microorganisms as compared to the control sample. Thus, the test showed that the acetone cyanohydrin does not constitute a assimilable carbon source for the microorganisms of the activated sludge.

The analysis of changes in total base number and the flash point in the exploited engine oil

Sikora G., Miller H.

Journal of KONES

2012

Vol. 19, No. 3

395-398

This paper is a continuation of the analysis of the grade of wear of the engine oil, used in the Caterpillar's marine engine, which is working in the engine's room of the harbour tug. Previous studies were related to the dynamic viscosity, lubricity and the grade of the metallic elements contamination. In these studies, the viscosity of the oil in most samples decreased with time of exploitation. However, in some samples, an increase of the viscosity was observed, what may indicate the fuel entering into the circulation of lubricating oil and its subsequent evaporation. Aim of this study is to determine the size of the Total Base Number changes and the flash point changes. The authors examine the changes in Total Base Number and the flash point of the exploited engine oil, in specified intervals in time between its exchanges. The results are analyzed and compared to the previously obtained results of the viscosity, lubricity and the grade of the metallic elements contamination. The analyses of the Total Base Number were conducted on the RST 822 Radiometer from Radiometer Analytical A/S, according to the polish standard PN-76/C-04163: Petroleum Products. Determination of the Total Base Number by potentiometric titration with perchloric acid. Flash point was determined using the Cleveland, in the open pot, using an ISL FP 92 5G device from Tusnovics Instruments Poland Ltd. The conclusions of this paper lead to better understanding of the processes, which occur in marine engines and its influence on the oil aging. Understanding of this process contributes significantly to a more accurate mathematical modelling of the aging process of engine oil.