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1

Road vehicle sequencing problem in a railroad intermodal terminal – simulation research

Jacyna M., Jachimowski R., Szczepański E., Izdebski M.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 5

1135--1148

EN

The paper presents the issue of container handling processes at a railroad intermodal terminal. The main purpose of this paper is the assessment of the handling equipment utilization and the associated energy consumption. The authors analyze how the road vehicle availability at the moment specified in the containers loading schedule influences the total handling equipment operation time as well as the necessary number of handling equipment. It is assumed that vehicles planned for loading of import containers may be late for loading, which causes some interruptions in the loading schedule. Such interruptions are identified with the necessity to handle the next container for which the road vehicle is already waiting, which influences the handling equipment utilization and, finally, energy consumption. The general mathematical model of the problem developed in the FlexSim simulation software was presented. Based on the simulation research, it pointed out that proper road vehicles loading sequencing can significantly reduce handling equipment operation time, and thus energy consumption, costs, and CO2 emissions. The literature analysis presented in the paper indicates that most of the research in the field of intermodal transport is focused on operations optimization in container ports. There are differences between two types of intermodal terminals in operation procedures and rules. That is why the authors decided to undertake the problem of road vehicle sequencing including their random availability and its influence on handling device operation time, which has not been considered in the literature so far.

2

Selection of a Container Storage Strategy at the Rail-road Intermodal Terminal as a Function of Minimization of the Energy Expenditure of Transshipment Devices and CO2 Emissions

Jachimowski R., Szczepański E., Kłodawski M., Markowska K., Dąbrowski J.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2018

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Tom 20, cz. 2

965--988

EN

The article presents the problem of containers storage on a storage yard in an rail-road intermodal land and the emission of harmful exhaust gases into the atmosphere. This issue was considered from the point of view of the distance traveled by transshipment devices, the duration of loading work and the resulting energy expenditure and CO2 emissions. The research was dictated by the current limited number of publications in the area of the distribution of containers on storage yards in rail-road intermodal terminals. The vast majority of the literature is devoted in this field to marine intermodal terminals, which operating characteristics are different from inland terminals. The importance of this problem resulting from the growing turnover of containers transported by rail transport was also pointed out. The systematic increase of this type of transport and the depletion of the intermodal services' operating capability makes it necessary to improve the processes taking place in the storage area. The possibility of improving these processes in addition to the use of computer tools is also realized through the use of modern transshipment devices. Depending on the area of their operation and the scope of their application, these devices use various types of power supply, which affect environmental pollution. In the case of gantry cranes considered in this article, their power supply may come from both combustion engines, hybrids and electric engines. Therefore, from the point of view of minimization of harmful exhaust gases emissions into the atmosphere, in the article, the problem of choosing the device for carrying out transshipment tasks was also taken up. For the purposes of the research, the processes of container handling in the rail-road intermodal terminal have been presented in detail. A review of literature in the field of container storage methods and strategies was carried out. The considered container reloading processes in the wagon-yard relation were modeled in the FlexSim simulation environment. The constructed simulation model was used to develop 5 variants of the distribution of containers on the storage yard as a function of their location on the train. Container deployments on the storage yard were carried out for both random and fixed distribution of containers on the train. In the case of a random arrangement of containers on the train, the tests were carried out for 100 replications. On the basis of simulation tests, the distance covered by the transshipment device (RTG crane) and the time of carrying out the loading tasks in particular variants were determined. Using the crane data provided by the crane manufacturer, the energy expenditure was calculated in individual variants for different power supply methods (combustion engine, hybrid, electric engine). The obtained results allowed the selection of the best strategy for containers storage, taking into account the amount of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere by transshipment devices.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę składowania kontenerów na placu składowym w lądowym terminalu intermodalnym i związaną z tym emisją szkodliwych związków spalin do atmosfery. Zagadnienie to rozważano z punktu widzenia dystansu pokonywanego przez urządzenia ładunkowe, czasu trwania prac ładunkowych oraz wynikającego z tego wydatku energetycznego i emisją CO2. Przeprowadzone badania podyktowane były dotychczasową niewielką liczbą publikacji na temat badania rozmieszczenia kontenerów na placach składowych w lądowych, kolejowo-drogowych terminala intermodalnych. Zdecydowana większość literatury poświęcona jest w tym zakresie morskim terminalom intermodalnym, których charakterystyka pracy różni się od tej w terminalach lądowych. Wskazano także na istotność tego problemu wynikającą z rosnących obrotów kontenerów przewożonych transportem kolejowym. Systematyczny wzrost tych przewozów i wyczerpywanie się zdolności obsługowych terminali intermodalnych powoduje konieczność usprawniania zachodzących tam procesów. Możliwość usprawniania tych procesów oprócz zastosowania narzędzi komputerowych realizowana jest także dzięki wykorzystaniu nowoczesnych urządzeń przeładunkowych. Urządzenia te w zależności od obszaru ich działania i zakresu ich zastosowania wykorzystują różne rodzaje zasilania, które w większym, bądź mniejszym stopniu wpływają na zanieczyszczenia środowiska. W przypadku rozważanych w niniejszym artykule suwnic jezdniowych, zasilanie to pochodzić może zarówno z silników spalinowych, hybrydowych jak i silników elektrycznych. Stąd też z punktu widzenia minimalizacji wielkości emisji szkodliwych związków spalin do atmosfery w artykule podjęto także problematykę wyboru urządzenia do realizacji zadań przeładunkowych. Na potrzeby badań szczegółowo przedstawiono procesy obsługi kontenera w lądowym terminalu intermodalnym. Dokonano przeglądu literatury w zakresie metod i strategii składowania kontenerów. Rozważane procesy przeładunku kontenerów w relacji wagon-plac składowy zamodelowano w środowisku symulacyjnym FlexSim. Zbudowany model symulacyjny posłużył do opracowania 5 wariantów rozmieszczenia kontenerów na placu w funkcji ich rozmieszczenia na pociągu. Badania rozmieszczenia kontenerów na placu składowym wykonywano zarówno dla losowego jak i ustalonego rozmieszczenie kontenerów na pociągu. W przypadku losowego rozmieszczenia kontenerów na pociągu próby wykonywano dla 100 powtórzeń. Na podstawie badań symulacyjnych określono dystans pokonywany przez urządzenie przeładunkowe (suwnicę RTG) oraz czas realizacji prac ładunkowych w poszczególnych wariantach. Wykorzystując podawane przez producenta suwnic dane o wielkości zużywanej przez suwnicę energii obliczono jej wydatek energetyczny w poszczególnych wariantach dla różnych sposobów zasilania (silnik spalinowy, hybrydowy, elektryczny). Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły na wybór najlepszej spośród rozważanych, strategii składowania kontenerów na placu przy uwzględnieniu wielkości emitowanego przez urządzenia przeładunkowe CO2 do atmosfery.

3

The freight transport effectiveness assessment in the aspect of the use of environmentally friendly vehicles

Szczepański E.

Journal of KONES

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2018

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Vol. 25, No. 4

405--414

EN

The freight transport combines the issue of supply services organization for various types of entities, including large shopping centres, stores of various industries, restaurants, work and leisure places, small-scale outlets, or municipal waste shipments. Due to the location of customers, transport services encounter many difficulties related to infrastructural constraints and increased traffic. This adversely affects the safety and obstructions in traffic and air pollution and thus is a disturbing factor for the lives of inhabitants. There is also a growing problem of the smog in large cities (in Poland, for example, Warsaw or Cracow). Traffic safety, minimization of congestion, and minimization of environmental pollution by transport activities are of particular importance in the development of freight traffic organization plans. In connection with the above, in recent years, the use of Environmentally Friendly Vehicles (EFV) in various spheres of human activity has been dynamically developing, and this concerns the cargo transport. Currently, vehicle manufacturers are providing an increasing number of delivery vehicles and trucks. On the other hand, entrepreneurs planning to implement pro-environmental solutions face a decision problem related to the efficiency of a transport system based on the use of EFV as well as the economic validity of implementing this type of innovation. In connection with the above, in this article, the problem of the impact of transport on the environment and the use of EFV in the freight transport was analysed. The main issues related to the functioning of the transport system and its negative impact on the environment has been presented. Environmental friendly vehicles and their parameters have been characterized. The main decision problems in organizing the transport system, also in the context of the use of EFV, have been identified and analysed. Finally, an example of a model for assessing the efficiency of a transport system with an emphasis on its impact on the environment was presented. The article was concluded with the summary of considerations and the proposal for further work.

4

The car fleet management model with including expectations of the users

Szczepański E., Nivette M., Jacyna-Gołda I., Izdebski M.

Journal of KONES

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2018

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Vol. 25, No. 4

489--500

EN

The paper presents a certain approach to fleet management in the company, taking into account the mobility of employees and the selection of vehicles for tasks. The main objective is to indicate the factors that significantly affect the proper selection of vehicles for the task, as well as concurrently meeting recipients' needs. The general model for fleet management was presented, taking into account not only the mobility of employees but also the method of obtaining funds for the replacement of greener cars. The current approach is based on the car purchase model in the form of credit, low-purchase leasing, and supervision over the use process and operating costs by the company's internal resources. The problem solved in the article concerns the analysis of entrusting fleet management to specialized Car Fleet Management (CFM) companies. It was pointed out that in this calculation model, CFM companies have to take into account many variables related to vehicle selection and mobility of employees in order to perform tasks. In this article, particular attention has been paid to the areas that CFM analyses when choosing a vehicle for a given company.

5

The application of ant algorithm in the assignment problem of aircrafts to stops points on the apron

Gołda P., Izdebski M., Szczepański E.

Journal of KONES

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2018

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Vol. 25, No. 4

479--487

EN

The article refers to the problem of assigning the aircrafts to stops points on the apron. The aim of this paper is to develop the algorithm, which will be used to this assignment. The assignment problem of aircrafts to stops points is the complex decision problems, which refer to the problems of designating the minimal path in the graph. The assignment model was described, i.e. decision variables, constraints and the criterion function. Decision variables take the binary form and determine the connections between the elements of infrastructure of the apron, i.e. touchdown points, intermediate points and stop points. Constraints take into account the number of aircrafts in the given period, the number of unoccupied stop points. The criterion function determines the minimum driving time of the aircraft on the apron. In order to designate the routes in international transport the heuristic algorithm, i.e. ant algorithm was developed. The steps of building this algorithm were presented. This algorithm was verified in the C# programming language. The results generating by the presented algorithm were compared with the results generating by the random algorithm.

6

Exhaust emission estimation in freight transport systems

Szczepański E., Gołda P., Jacyna-Gołda I., Izdebski M.

Journal of KONES

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2018

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Vol. 25, No. 1

395--406

EN

Modelling of transport systems is a complex issue requiring taking into account many factors that allow for the mapping of the real system and thus allowing decision support. In the era of increasingly higher requirements for services, transport also faces the challenges of sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research both in the sphere of technical and organizational solutions aimed at limiting pollutant emissions. Mapping in the model the negative impact of transport on the environment allows for planning the implementation of the transport service taking into account the pro-ecological criterion. This is particularly important in urban areas where traffic and especially heavy goods vehicles are particularly onerous for inhabitants and require limiting transport work in the city area and the use of environmentally friendly rolling stock. The aim of the article is to present the considerations regarding the modelling of transport systems including pollutant emissions. The article introduces the problem of cargo distribution and a review of the models of estimation of pollution emission in the micro and macro scale was carried out. Next, a mathematical model was proposed which is a variant of the Vehicle Routing Problem of the so-called Green VRP. In the distribution model was used COPERT methodology for estimation of harmful substance emission. In article examples of calculations carried out on the example of the city of Warsaw for the organization of cargo distribution due to the CO emission criterion was presented. The article ended with a short synthesis of the work carried out.

7

Decision support system in freight transport based on vehicle routing problem with quality criterion

Szczepański E., Jachimowski R., Żak J.

Archives of Transport System Telematics

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2018

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Vol. 11, iss. 3

49--56

EN

Deliveries planning in transport systems is a complicated task and require taking into account a wide range of factors. Enterprises wanting to propose solutions that meet the clients’ needs and be competitive on the market must prepare their offer based on decision support systems including factors characteristic for the real process. The aim of the article is to present a concept of a decision support system based on a multi-criteria vehicle routing problem in real conditions (Real-World VRP). Taking into account the latest trends in the optimization of the delivery plan, the model includes three criteria - the cost, time and success rate of the delivery plan as a criterion relating to the quality of the delivery plan. Among other assumptions, it should be pointed out that the heterogeneous structure of the rolling stock has been taken into account, the number of which is not limited, the vehicles return to the place of origin. The travel time of the connection and the time of loading operations are random variables. The limited driver’s work time and driving time were also applied. The effect of the work presented in the article is the concept of the decision support system in the freight transport, taking into account the quality criterion of the delivery plan.

8

The assessment of supply chain effectiveness

Jacyna-Gołda I., Izdebski M., Szczepański E., Gołda P.

Archives of Transport

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2018

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Vol. 45, iss. 1

43--52

EN

This paper presents the problem of the assessment of the supply chains in the context of their effectiveness. In this paper the concepts of a supply chain and effectiveness were characterized. The supply chain is a structure of entities which are connected with each other by the use of material and financial flows and functional, structural, technological, economic and information dependencies. Entities such as: suppliers, final recipients, entrepreneurs, warehouse facilities, supply centers, logistics operators, carriers, etc. perform material flows from suppliers to recipients. The concept of efficiency, in general terms, refers to economic rationality and means the relationship between the achieved or expected effects and the expenditures incurred. Additionally, indicators of measuring the effectiveness of the supply chain were described. In order to assess the effectiveness of the supply chain the decision model was developed. Optimization is crucial in decision support systems. The development of an appropriate model for mapping the behavior of a real object or system and formulating an optimization task is a necessary activity in effective management. This is even more important if we want to be competitive. Along with the development of decision support systems, as well as the development of systems for data acquisition on the system functioning, which feed optimization models in ever more detailed form, complex decision models are created that take into account many optimization criteria and require a large amount of data. It allows, however, to ensure the sustainable development of the system and simultaneous implementation of its basic tasks. The main aim of this paper is to present the stages and assumptions of the model for assessing the effectiveness of the supply chain. The main data input, constraints of the model, the criteria functions were determined.

9

Characteristics of event recorders in automatic train control systems

Jacyna M., Szczepański E., Izdebski M., Jasiński S., Maciejewski M.

Archives of Transport

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2018

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Vol. 46, iss. 2

61--70

EN

The development of railway transport in the current times is very noticeable, it is connected with the growing needs of movement as well as the development of information engineering. The increase in the demand for transport requires the implementation of solutions that increase the efficiency of the transport system. Both long-distance, agglomeration and metro railways can use different systems due to their specificity. Nevertheless, there is a noticeable trend in the development of systems supporting or even replacing the driver by the automation of selected activities. Such systems allow to reduce trains headway and thus increase the capacity of the line. CBTC class systems (Communications-based train control) belong to automatic train systems and are based on wireless transmission. The main purpose of using such systems is to increase the frequency of running trains while maintaining the level of safety. Computers that are on the system equipment record, process and analyse very large amounts of data. An essential element of such systems are recording units. The parameter recorders can be divided into technical and legal ones. However, for CBTC class systems, there is no obligation or requirement to use legal recorders as it is in the case of ETCS. However, it is necessary to use event recorders, and these are subject to the requirements set out in the PN-EN 62625-1: 2014 standard. The recorders are a very important component of safety systems, which is why they were analysed in this article. Both the driver, the vehicle and the infrastructure should be subject of continuous monitoring. The occurrence of an adverse event (not necessarily leading to an incident or accident) should be analysed and used to improve safety procedures. Currently, automatic systems are still developing and we are not able to accurately assess what the causes and effects of certain events may be, which is why data collection and analysis is particularly important. The article presents the general specification of the CBTC system. The parameters and properties of driving recorders should be presented. This article is cofinanced by the European Union POIR.01.01.01-00-0276/17

10

Designing and efficiency of database for simulation of processes in systems. Case study for the simulation of warehouse processes

Jachimowski R., Gołębiowski P., Izdebski M., Pyza D., Szczepański E.

Archives of Transport

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2017

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Vol. 41, iss. 1

31--42

EN

The basis of each IT system is data exchange both between individual modules of program and between program and user. The number of exchanged data and the number of operations on the data, which should be performed, require application of professional tools allowing for collecting and performing operations on multiple types of data. One of these tools are databases, which are an essential part of any IT system. With database designing are connected many decision problems which can occur both during the construction of database management system and at the stage of integration of entire user application with developed database. The article presents typical decision problems connected with designing of databases. These problems mainly concern sphere of information technology (including the programming language or recovery mechanism of database after the failure). Database architecture for typical IT system from the point of view possible paths for users were discussed, and role of catalogues played in development of database were presented. In addition, modular structure of the database, which was developed for the system SIMMAG3D for modelling and visualization of warehouse facilities in 3D was shown. This system is being developed under a project financed by the National Centre for Research and Development. We discussed in detail one of the essential elements in developed database - catalogues of means of external and internal transport, non-mechanical equipment and accessories which are essential from the point of view of the work load.

11

The possibilities of conducting scenario analyses of a sustainable development of the transport system using the emitransys model

Jacyna-Gołda I., Gołębiowski P., Jachimowski R., Kłodawski M., Lewczuk K., Izdebski M., Szczepański E.

Journal of KONES

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2016

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Vol. 23, No. 4

151--158

EN

The article presents selected aspects of shaping pro ecological transport system. Correct, socially responsible, economically reasonable and far-sighted allocation of resources is one of the basic tools of sustainable development shaping. In the case when this concept in a narrower sense refers to shaping the national transport system one can distinguish the general problem: how to invest financial resources in the development of the transport system and how to manage this system in order to one can say about it as "sustainable". The article presents the principles of creating scenario analyses, discusses the procedure and elements of an algorithm for the development of scenarios of the sustainable transport system. The procedure for conducting scenario consists of three stages of research. The analyses were conducted by the use of EMITRANSYS model. The EMITRANSYS model was developed in Visum. Its main elements are the network model, demand model, integrated database and a set of scenarios of an analysis of transport system development. The simulation model EMITRANSYS was developed under the PBS1 project "Shaping of the pro ecological transport system” financed by the National Centre of Science and Development. The project was realized within the consortium consisting of the Faculty of Transport of The Warsaw University of Technology and the Faculty of Machines and Transport of The Poznan University of Technology in the years 2012-2014.

12

Multi - objective optimization of delivery schedule to design and plan distribution services in urban areas

Szczepański E.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 2

755--764, CD1

EN

Distribution of cargo as an essential element of the supply chain requires the systemic approach to include the operation of many elements and their influence on the final result of delivery. In cargo distribution, it is necessary to take into account the costs of its implementation, but also other criteria that determine its organization. The study assumes the use of multi - criteria problems in order to better map the actual characteristics of the operation of such systems. This paper presents a general heuristic model of cargo distribution in multilevel system. It is based on Cargo Consolidation Centres, HUB’s and recipients. The quality of the used solution and the chosen delivery schedule is evaluated based on the costs and the probability of the tasks realization. Formulated problem belongs to the issues of VRP (Vehicle Routing Problem), and additionally was enriched with multi - criteria function. The solution of such tasks require the use of effective methods to return a solution within an acceptable time. Therefore, in article was presented concept of the use of evolutionary algorithms based on genetic algorithms to schedule deliveries.

PL

Dystrybucja ładunków jako istotny element łańcucha dostaw wymaga stosowania ujęcia systemowego, aby uwzględnić funkcjonowanie wielu elementów i ich wpływ na końcowy efekt realizacji dostaw. W dystrybucji ładunków niezbędne jest uwzględnienie kosztów jej realizacji, ale także innych kryteriów determinujących jej organizację. W pracy założono zastosowanie problematyki wielokryterialnej, aby lepiej odwzorować rzeczywistą charakterystykę funkcjonowania takich systemów. W artykule przedstawiono ogólny heurystyczny model dystrybucji ładunków w systemie wieloszczeblowym . Oparty jest on o Centra Konsolidacji Ładunków, HUB ’ y przeładunkowe oraz odbiorców ładunków . Jakość zastosowanego rozwiązania oraz dobranego planu dostaw jest oceniana w oparciu o koszty oraz prawdopodobieństwo realizacji zadań. Sformułowany problem należy do zagadnień typu VRP (Vehicle Routing Problem) , a dodatkowo wzbogacony został o wielokryterialną funkcję kryterium . Rozwiązanie takich zadań wymaga stosowania efektywnych metod zwracających rozwiązanie w akceptowalnym czasie. W związku z powyższym zaprezentowano koncepcję zastosowania algorytmów ewolucyjnych bazujących na algorytmach genetycznych w harmonogramowaniu dostaw.

13

Kształtowanie procesów logistycznych dla obsługi podmiotów wytwórczych

Jacyna-Gołda I., Pyza D., Szczepański E., Gładysz B.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

365--372, CD1

PL

W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia dotyczące problematyki kształtowania procesów zaopatrzenia dla obsługi podmiotów wytwórczych oraz procesów dystrybucji wyrobów gotowych na wyjściu z systemu produkcyjnego. W analizach uwzględniono rolę obiektów magazynowych w obsłudze podmiotów wytwórczych oraz zdefiniowano zadania realizowane przez system logistyczny zarówno w sferze zaopatrzenia jak i dystrybucji. Dokonano parametryzacji jednostkowych przepływów strumieni surowców oraz wyrobów gotowych jak również przedstawiono zapis uogólniany przepływów między poszczególnymi podsystemami systemu logistycznego. W artykule przedstawiono również przykłady rozwiązań kształtowania obsługi logistycznej przedsiębiorstwa z uwzględnieniem obiektów magazynowych. Przedstawiono obsługę bezpośrednią, pośrednią oraz centralną.

EN

The article presents issues connected with designing of supplying processes for service operators and distribution processes of finished products at the output of the production system. In the analyzes included the role of storage facilities to handle manufacturing entities and defined tasks performed by logistics system both in supply and distribution terms. In the article parameterization of individual flow streams of raw materials and finished products as well as the record shows generalized flows between the various subsystems logistics system was made. The paper also presents examples of solutions for shaping the logistics services of companies with regard to storage facilities. In article presented services for direct, indirect and central support by warehouses.

14

Charakterystyka łańcucha dostaw na płaszczyźnie dystrybucyjno-handlowej

Ambroziak T., Gołębiowski P., Jachimowski R., Szczepański E.

Logistyka

|

2015

|

nr 4

24--34

PL

W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę łańcuchów dostaw na płaszczyźnie dystrybucyjno handlowej. W zależności od obszaru działania, wykorzystywanych elementów oraz stosowanych środków transportowych wyróżniono ujęcie międzynarodowe, krajowe, a także łańcuch dostaw na obszarze zurbanizowanym. Zaprezentowano każdy z powyższych typów, a także scharakteryzowano jego funkcje i elementy. W artykule przedstawiono również typy środków transportowych oraz charakterystykę ich działania w zależności od realizowanego zadania. Niniejsza praca powstała w ramach projektu SIMMAG3D finansowanego z NCBR.

EN

The article presents characteristic of supply chains in trade-distribution area. Depending on the scope of operation, used elements and used means of transport were recognized international, national, and supply chain in urbanized area. In article were presented each of the above types, and characteristics of its features and elements. The paper also presents different types of vehicles and their characteristics depending on task. This work was made under the project SIMMAG3D funded by the NCBR.

15

Analizy scenariuszowe rozłożenia ruchu w sieci transportowej w aspekcie zrównoważonego rozwoju

Jacyna-Gołda I., Lewczuk K., Szczepański E., Gołębiowski P.

Logistyka

|

2015

|

nr 4

3752--3759, CD 2

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wybrane aspekty kształtowania zrównoważonego rozwoju systemu transportowego. Opisano istotę analiz scenariuszowych wraz z procedurą wykonania takich analiz. Na przykładzie rozłożenia potoku ruchu na sieć transportową Polski, dla kilku scenariuszy rozwoju wskazano na możliwe zastosowanie modelu symulacyjnego EMITRANSYS. Wykonano wielowariantowe rozłożenie potoku ruchu dokonując badania dostosowania infrastruktury do zadań oraz wyznaczono wielkość emisji szkodliwych związków salin.

EN

The paper presents some aspects of shaping the sustainable development of the transport system. Describes the essence of scenario analysis together with the procedure to take such analyzes. For example, distribution of the traffic flow on transport network for several scenarios of development, it was possible to use the simulation model EMITRANSYS. Performed multivariate distribution of traffic flow.

16

Logistics service for companies by warehouse facilities with different configurations in the logistics network

Jacyna-Gołda I., Pyza D., Szczepański E.

Journal of KONES

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2015

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Vol. 22, No. 3

67--74

EN

The paper presents an approach to the logistics service for companies by warehouse facilities with different configurations in the logistics network. Through the warehouses it is possible to combine internal logistics functions such as ordering, unloading, product receptions, confectioning, order picking. The occurrence of warehouse facilities and suitable strategy also affects the volume of stocks, because they allow for combine reserves and compensates for fluctuations in demand. Optimal control of the amount of inventory reduces the demand for warehouse space and associates storage costs. The appropriate configuration of the warehouse facilities in the logistics network is therefore critical for effective logistics service of manufacturing companies. In such logistics network, individual subsystems are related to each other by different types of relation. From these interconnections result logistic tasks performed by company logistics system. Their implementation is caused both externally and internally, wherein the first considerations arise from the environment, the other from production. External logistic task is the boundary conditions for storage process in manufacturing company. The configuration of storage process determines the execution of internal logistics tasks for the company. The article also presents the logistics network configuration taking into account both direct and indirect services.

17

Wybrane aspekty kształtowania zrównoważonego systemu transportowego

Gołębiowski P., Jacyna-Gołda I., Jachimowski R., Lewczuk K., Kłodawski M., Szczepański E.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 3

7254--7260

PL

Artykuł przedstawia problematykę kształtowania zrównoważonego systemu transportowego. W artykule zdefiniowano zagadnienie zrównoważonego rozwoju w aspekcie rozwoju systemów transportowych; omówiono zagrożenia wynikające z działalności transportowej, w tym zagrożenia ekologiczne oraz przedstawiono kryteria oceny systemu transportowego. Omówiono podstawowe założenia projektu EMITRANSYS, w ramach którego możliwe jest wspomaganie kształtowania zrównoważonego systemu transportowego. Realizacja projektu EMITRANSYS pozwoli na opracowanie wytycznych do kształtowania proekologicznych systemów transportowych.

18

Wariantowe rozłożenie potoku ruchu w zadanej sieci przy uwzględnieniu kosztów zewnętrznych

Ambroziak T., Gołębiowski P., Woźnicki K., Jacyna-Gołda I., Jachimowski R., Kłodawski M., Lewczuk K., Szczepański E.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 4

PL

Transport oddziałuje destrukcyjnie na środowisko naturalne. Jego negatywny wpływ można wyrazić przy pomocy kosztów zewnętrznych. Jedne gałęzie transportu oddziałują w większym stopniu (większa wartość kosztów zewnętrznych), inne w mniejszym. Należy dążyć do ograniczenia wielkości kosztów zewnętrznych związanych z działalnością transportu. Jednym z działań może być przeniesienie potoku ruchu z gałęzi transportu cechujących się większymi kosztami zewnętrznymi na inne. W artykule przeanalizowano wpływ kosztów zewnętrznych na rozłożenie potoku pasażerów w ciągu komunikacyjnym Warszawa – Bydgoszcz. Jako wskaźniki oceny jakości rozłożenia potoku na sieć przyjęto koszty średnie oraz koszty krańcowe. Rozłożenie przeprowadzono dla dwóch sytuacji. W pierwszej poszczególne połączenia były opisane charakterystykami o interpretacji średniego kosztu przemieszczania, w drugiej jako suma średnich kosztów przemieszczania i kosztów zewnętrznych. Przeanalizowano trzy warianty różniące się wielkością potoku pasażerów oraz wyposażeniem.

EN

Transport impacts destructive on the environment. Its negative impact can be expressed with the help of external costs. Some modes of transport affect in a greater extent (higher value of external costs), others less. The aim should be to reduce the size of the external costs of transport activities. One of the activities may be transfer of traffic flow from branches of transport characterized by higher external costs on others. In the article was analyzed the impact of external costs for the distribution of passengers flow in the transport connection Warsaw - Bydgoszcz. As indicators of the solution quality assessment of the distribution of the flow on the network assumed average costs and marginal costs. The distribution was carried out for the two situations. In the first individual connections were described by characteristics of the interpretation of the average cost of transport and the second as the sum of the average cost of transport and external costs. We analyzed three variants with varying volume of passengers flow and equipment.

19

Sieci Petriego w analizie problemu wyznaczania tras pojazdów

Jachimowski R., Szczepański E.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 4

PL

Planowanie dystrybucji towarów jest zagadnieniem aktualnym i często poruszanym w literaturze. Właściwa organizacja systemu dystrybucji przedsiębiorstwa jest w dobie szybko rozwijającej się konkurencji rynkowej jednym z kluczowych sposobów osiągnięcia sukcesu na rynku. W związku z tym na potrzeby planowania przewozów w różnych systemach dystrybucji w literaturze istnieje wiele sformułowanych modeli matematycznych podejmujących tę problematykę. W artykule autorzy przedstawili rozwiązanie wielobazowego problemu wyznaczania tras pojazdów z oknami czasowymi. Do rozwiązania problemu wykorzystano algorytm klasteryzacji oraz algorytm genetyczny. W wyniku obliczeń uzyskano plan przewozu do odbiorców. Zasadniczą część pracy stanowi natomiast analiza rozwiązania z użyciem oprogramowania symulacyjnego. Pozwoliło to na badanie jakości wyznaczonego planu przewozów. Przedstawiono wybrane wskaźniki oceny systemu transportowego w zastosowaniu do podejmowanego problemu. Wskazano również newralgiczne elementy tzw. wąskie gardła rozważanego typu systemu transportowego

EN

Goods distribution planning is a current issue and often tackled in the literature. Proper organization of the company’s distribution system in a rapidly growing market competition is one of the key ways of achieving success on the market. Therefore, there are many mathematical models in the literature for the purposes of distribution planning in the various distribution systems. In the paper authors present a solution for the multi-depot vehicle routing problem with time windows. To solve the problem, the clustering and genetic algorithms were used. As a result of calculations, the customers service plan was obtained. The main part of the work is the analysis of the obtained solutions with the usage of a simulation software. This allowed the examination of the quality of the obtained customers service plan. Also selected indicators of evaluation of the transport system in a use for a given problem were presented. More over critical elements (bottle necks) of a given type of transportation system were identified.

20

Poziom emisji substancji szkodliwych spalin dla wybranego obszaru w Polsce na tle Unii Europejskiej

Ambroziak T., Merkisz-Guranowska A., Jacyna-Gołda I., Pyza D., Sivets O., Szczepański E., Żak J.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 4

PL

W artykule przeanalizowano emisje wybranych substancji szkodliwych oraz na tej podstawie stwierdzono jaki jest udział w całkowitej emisji transportu drogowego. Scharakteryzowane i przeanalizowane zostały obszary o największej emisji związków szkodliwych w Polsce na tle krajów Unii Europejskiej. Na podstawie zidentyfikowanych obszarów zaproponowano instrumenty przeciwdziałania i ograniczenia zanieczyszczeń wynikających z działalności transportowej, czyli na przykład wprowadzenie stref niskiej emisji.

EN

The article presents analysis of the selected pollutants emissions and on this basis it was alleged what is the contribution of road transport in total emissions. The areas with the highest emissions of harmful compounds in Poland in the European Union were characterized and analyzed. On the basis of the identified areas it was proposed some instruments to prevent and reduce pollution arising from transport, for example enactment low emission zones. Key words: road transport, emissions of harmful substances, Emission Standards EURO.