Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Composition, features, problems, and treatment related to cooling fluid - a review

Stajuda Łukasz, Levchenko Dmytro, Kubiak Przemysław, Siczek Kamil, Bogusławski Grzegorz, Kuchar Maciej, Woźniak Marek, Szymczyk Mateusz, Ozuna Gustavo, Siczek Krzysztof

Combustion Engines

|

2024

|

R. 63, nr 1

106--125

EN

Vehicle coolant is one of the most important operating fluids. Along with changes in the design of engines, the composition of the coolant has also changed. The main function of the coolant is heat transfer (HT). It absorbs up to one-third of the heat energy generated by the engine. The coolant is also responsible for protecting the cooling system from damage caused by corrosion, scaling and deposits. The unfavorable working environment of the engine is also affected by smaller capacities of the cooling systems (CSs) of the drive units, extreme temperatures and increased pressure in the CS, enhancing the importance of the fluid composition. The coolant must be replaced every three years or 100,000 kilometers or every five years or 250,000 kilometers with the Organic Acid Technology (OAT). It is worth remembering that coolant of unknown composition or low quality used for a long time can expose the system to engine overheating, corrosion, deposits and restriction of liquid flow. This can lead to engine failure, in extreme cases even engine seizure. Currently, many types of fluids, including nanocoolants with different compositions, are available on the cooling market. The article presents these fluids, describe the most common failures of CSs, present the currently used methods of fluid replacement in the engine and proposes an innovative method based on the pressure method, which allows both replacing the fluid in the entire system and cleaning it.

2

Study on the friction coefficient between eggshells and powders with various chosen surfaces

Wozniak Marek, Kuchar Maciej, Zakrzewski Sergiusz, Siczek Krzysztof, Obraniak Andrzej, Rylski Adam, Kubiak Przemyslaw

Technologia i Jakość Wyrobów

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2023

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R. 68

111--151

EN

Transport of fresh or powdered chicken eggs uses conveyors with elements made of steel or plastics, and surfaces often coated by Teflon. Various forms of eggs contact with said surfaces and are subject to friction processes between them. The frictional resistances cause a load on the devices driving the conveyors and a local and temporary increase in temperature in the contact zones and allow the abrasive wear of both the surfaces of the conveyors, packages and the eggshells themselves. This study aimed to determine such the coefficient of friction and wear intensity at various contacts. The friction and wear tests were conducted on two tribotesters and the results are shown in the article.

PL

Transport świeżych lub sproszkowanych jaj kurzych wykorzystuje przenośniki z elementami wykonanymi ze stali lub tworzyw sztucznych, a powierzchnie często pokryte teflonem. Różne formy jaj stykają się ze wspomnianymi powierzchniami i podlegają procesom tarcia między nimi. Opory tarcia powodują obciążenie urządzeń napędzających przenośniki oraz lokalny i tymczasowy wzrost temperatury w strefach styku i pozwala na zużycie ścierne powierzchni przenośników, pakietów i samych skorupek jaj. Badanie to miało na celu określenie takiego współczynnika tarcia i intensywności zużycia w różnych stykach. Testy tarcia i zużycia przeprowadzono na dwóch tribotesterach, a wyniki pokazano w artykule.

3

Study on selected parameters of engine with the active combustion chamber

Głogowski Michał, Woźniak Marek, Szydłowski Tomasz, Siczek Krzysztof

Combustion Engines

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2023

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R. 62, nr 3

3--12

EN

The present study was focused on the combustion engine with a variable compression ratio (VCR), namely the four-stroke air-cooled engine with the active combustion chamber (ACC). An indicated pressure, torque, power, and specific fuel consumption of that engine were investigated experimentally as a goal of the present study. Experiments were conducted using two versions of an engine. Two parameters particularly influencing the ACC engine performance including the maximum compression ratio CRmax and the indicator γfm determining the correct operation of the ACC system, were described. It was found that the ACC engine allowed avoiding detonation combustion without changing the amount and composition of the combustible mixture, and even without delaying the ignition advance angle. In addition, the possible range of control of the combustion process allowed the ACC engine to operate with different types of hydrocarbon fuels, for example, in the form of petrol with various alcohol admixtures. The very intense flow of the combustible mixture inside the cylinder of the ACC engine allowed describing the combustion in the ACC engine with zero-dimensional mathematical models with the dual Vibe function providing the proper characterization of the heat release process. The use of very high maximum compression ratios allows the ACC engine to operate to a certain extent as a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine with high lambda coefficients.

4

Deposition effect of carbon deposits on charge flow in EGR valve equipped CI engine

Woźniak Marek, Siczek Krzysztof, Zakrzewski Sergiusz, Just Paweł, Ozuna Gustavo, Onescu Constantin

Combustion Engines

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2023

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R. 62, nr 1

26--35

EN

The exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve regulates the exhaust gas flow between the engine exhaust manifold and the inlet one. This allows the inlet air to warm up, improving fuel evaporation and reducing the combustion temperature of the charge. Such a valve reduces the number of harmful substances in the exhaust gases. The valve tends to stick when too much sediment builds on the walls of the exhaust system, especially during driving in urban conditions or when leaks in the vacuum or exhaust pipes occur. A faulty valve causes the engine to run unevenly at idle speed and under light loads. The defective EGR valve weakens the inlet manifold capacity, increases combustion, causes clogging of the particulate filter and damage to the lambda probe. Blocked EGR valve may lead to engine immobilization as a result of its computerized control system operations. A model of an EGR valve for a selected diesel engine was developed to determine velocity distribution of the load flowing in it for different values of the degree of valve opening and the volume of deposits on the valve walls. The volume of accumulated carbon deposits on the walls of the EGR valve was measured using a real engine. Based on the recorded mileage of the vehicle, the assumed average speed of the car and the driving style of the driver and the intensity of deposition of carbon particles on the walls was estimated.

5

Design of constant velocity joint puller for passenger vehicles and light trucks

Derbiszewski Bogdan, Wozniak Marek, Zakrzewski Sergiusz, Verdeaux Gabriel, Matusiak Marek, Onescu Constantin, Ozuna Gustavo, Rylski Adam, Obraniak Andrzej, Siczek Krzysztof

Technologia i Jakość Wyrobów

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2022

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R. 67

26--38

EN

Replacing components on an already assembled inertia shaft of a car transmission system can be tedious and detrimental to some components, so using a puller instead of a tool like a hammer can help you get the job done safely and faster. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the designed fixed-speed puller, allowing easier access to the shaft. Based on the geometry of the existing puller, its model was made using the finite element method, and the resulting stress distribution during dynamic loading was investigated. Based on the determined stresses, the components of the puller have been redesigned so that they can safely transmit the stresses that arise while providing sufficient pressure to disconnect the selected elements of the inertia shaft.

PL

Wymiana elementów na już zmontowanym wale bezwładności samochodowego układu przeniesienia napędu może być żmudna i szkodliwa dla niektórych elementów, dlatego użycie ściągacza zamiast narzędzia takiego, jak młotek może pomóc w bezpiecznym i szybszym wykonaniu pracy. Celem badań była ocena działania zaprojektowanego ściągacza o stałej prędkości, umożliwiającego łatwiejszy dostęp do wału. Na podstawie geometrii istniejącego ściągacza wykonano jego model metodą elementów skończonych i zbadano wynikowy rozkład naprężeń podczas obciążenia dynamicznego. W oparciu o wyznaczone naprężenia elementy ściągacza zostały zaprojektowane tak, aby mogły bezpiecznie przenosić powstające naprężenia przy jednoczesnym zapewnieniu docisku wystarczającego do rozłączenia wybranych elementów wałka bezwładnościowego.

6

The effect of machined valve springs application on dynamic properties of electro-hydraulically driven valve train

Szydłowski Tomasz, Siczek Krzysztof, Głogowski Michał

Combustion Engines

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2022

|

R. 61, nr 4

92--120

EN

Nowadays, the constant striving to reduce the emission and increase the overall efficiency over a wide range of speeds and loads of the internal combustion engine (CE) is observed. The different methods for improving the charge exchange in the engine, particularly ones based on the variable valve timing are sought. This variability can be achieved, among others by using the electrohydraulic valve drive. The goal of the present study is to compare the dynamic parameters of the engine valvetrain utilizing the unilateral electrohydraulic valve drive and various types of valve springs. The model of such a drive being developed by authors and experimentally verified was used for the analysis. Using the Finite Element Method, the models of springs made through the machining from single sleeves were developed. The effect of various geometrical parameters of the modernized springs on their stiffness and on the resulted valvetrain dynamics was examined.

7

Research of damage to the rear wheel rim in a tipper-truck

Kubiak Przemyslaw, Wozniak Marek, Zakrzewski Sergiusz, Siczek Krzysztof, Rylski Adam, Mrowicki Adam, Matej Jan, Deda Jakub, Knap Lech

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 3

art. no. e141000

EN

Serious damage to the inner rim of the rear twin wheel in one dump truck was noted during the operation of the fleet performing transport tasks. It was a drive wheel, and its damage occurred while driving with a load exceeding the permissible value. The examination of selected fragments of the damaged rim surface was conducted visually as well as using a digital microscope with a portable head. The measurements of the Vickers hardness and microscopic observations of the material structure of the sample cut along the thickness of the rim disk were carried out. The drive torque loading of the twin wheels of the tipper-truck rear axle, under their mating with different kinds of road roughness and under various vertical loads of the wheels was calculated. An analysis of stress distributions in the rim modelled using the Finite Element Method was also conducted for several possible scenarios of wheel loading. The damage to the rim was caused by simultaneous action of several factors, such as overloading the car, poor condition of the tires, loading the drive wheel by a part of the vehicle weight and the driving torque, and hitting a wheel on a cavity in a dirt road, causing a temporary relief of one of the tires on a twin wheel.

8

Problems with glow plug - a review

Woźniak Marek, Ozuna Gustavo, Siczek Krzysztof

Combustion Engines

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2021

|

R. 60, nr 3

11--30

EN

Despite the development of hybrid and electric vehicles, a many-million population of cars with combustion engines, and particularly CI engines occurs on the roads. Also, many stationary CI engines are still utilized. Despite their improved technologies and characteristics the modern CI engines negatively affect an environment due to cold starting problems. Below 0°C, engine starts are problematic due to the decreased battery performance and the spray characteristics, the increased ignition delay time, and the engine oil viscosity. Therefore, various glow plugs are applied to facilitate this process. Types, features, and applications of glow plugs in various engines have been discussed in the paper. One case of failure of glow plug has been presented in the article, including the cause of it.

9

The effect of dynamics of the swash plate-slippers-piston assembly on friction torques in bearings in compressor of cooling aggregate

Woźniak Marek, Szydłowski Tomasz, Siczek Krzysztof

Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering

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2020

|

Vol. 24, nr 1

42--55

EN

The swash plate type compressor utilized in car air conditioning devices and cooling system was analyzed in this study. Proper dynamic behavior of the components in such a compressor affected the correct functioning of the whole system. The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of the main motion components in the swash plate-slippers-piston assembly of the compressor and to estimate the friction torques in its bearings. Some models of this assembly are elaborated and presented in the paper. The main components of slipper complex motion were identified, such as reciprocal motion along the axis of piston, rotation around piston axis, and short-time rotation around its own axis. Friction torque in axial bearing was higher than in journal bearing and varied with the rotational angle. Friction torques in journal bearings varied with the rotational angle and had different courses for two bearings of the compressor.

10

The Study on the Damage of the Rear-Axle Shaft in a KIA Truck

Wozniak Marek, Ozuna Gustavo, Siczek Krzysztof

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2020

|

Vol. 14, no 4

115--124

EN

Nowadays, trucks are widely used in the freight transport. Every accident involving a truck as well as any longer disruption of its traffic flow causes great losses. The considered disturbance in traffic flow occurred for a truck with dual tires on its rear axle resulted from the damage to the power transmission system from the engine to the drive wheels of the track. Investigating the cause of one such damage, in the form of rupture of the rear driveshaft, was the purpose of this article. The parameters of the analyzed truck, its wheels, its engine characteristics, the scheme of its cornering, the model of its rear-axle shaft, and the model of loading the bearing set of its rear dual wheel were included in the paper. Additionally, the probable cause of the truck rear axle shaft breakage was established.

11

Li-S battery recycling

Siczek Krzysztof

Research in Logistics & Production

|

2019

|

Vol. 9, No. 2

125--135

EN

Lithium-ion batteries are not situable for electric vehicles with high millage, military power supplies and fixed power networks. Therefore, the Li-S batteries have been intensively investigated, due to the high capacity, low cost, widespread source, and nontoxicity. The development of Li-S batteries causes increasing need to find the methods for their recycling. Some of them are discussed in the paper. The recycling of Li-S cell relates to its anode, cathode, electrolyte, binder and separator. The Li-S battery should be fully charged before recycling. There are potential methods for recycling of lithium from anodes, especially by re-melting. It is also possible to recycle some materials from the cathodes, especially sulfur by re-melting and graphite by dry crushing, Eco-bat Technologies method or the method investigated by Xiang et al. There is no effective recycling methods for electrolytes, binders and separators. It is necessary to carry out further studies on them.

12

Analysis of dynamics and friction resistance in the cam-tappet system

Siczek Krzysztof, Stefański Andrzej

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2019

|

Vol. 57 nr 1

273--286

EN

In this paper, the influence of friction resistance and mutual contact interaction on dynamical properties of the cam-tappet mechanism is analyzed. A dynamical model of the cam-tappet contact has been developed. Chosen results of numerical simulations of this model are presented for cases with and without oil lubrication in contact zones. Various phenomena accompanying the cam-tappet contact dynamics have been observed, e.g., change of the global direction of tappet rotation, local oscillation of these revolutions, changes of friction in function of frequency of the camshaft longitudinal vibrations. We confirm, that the growing amplitude of camshaft longitudinal vibration causes an increase in the tappet rotational speed, whereas its reducing to small values leads to stopping the tappet rotation.

13

The effect of SiO2 nanoparticles content in engine oil on tribological properties of valvetrain chain transmission components

Spinache Edward, Trandafir Adrian, Diaconu Mihai, Ozuna Gustavo, Wozniak Marek, Kubiak Przemyslaw, Siczek Krzysztof

Combustion Engines

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2019

|

R. 58, nr 4

4--12

EN

The drive from the crankshaft to the camshaft in an internal combustion engine is usually carried out by means of a cogged belt transmission or a chain transmission when high millage is required without service operations. The valvetrains in CI engines sometimes use the gear transmissions, and the historical rather bevel gear can be found in old cars of collectors or in some motorcycle engines. The chain gear used in SI engines has a two- or three-row chain with high strength, due the unevenness of loads that additionally induce chain pulling and valve timing deregulation. The chain transmission requires the use of pre-tensioners, usually self-acting and driven by springs or oil pressure. The vibrations and chain runout are limited using plastic guides placed on the outside of the long straight sections of the chain. The model of the chain transmission developed with the use of the Finite Elements Method, which operates under oil lubrication conditions, was analyzed. Such the model allowed obtaining weight and mass inertial moments of components. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of SiO2 nanoparticles content in engine oil on the friction between chain transmission components. The resulted values of the friction torque in the chain transmission operating in different conditions of lubrication have been presented in the paper.

14

The utilization of Al2O3 nanoparticles in combustion engines

Siczek Krystian, Siczek Krzysztof

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2018

|

R. 19, nr 12

642--645

EN

The methods used for obtaining Al2O3 nanoparticles were discussed in the paper. The utilization of Al2O3 nanoparticles to improve thermal conduction and tribological properties in different media including engine oil was presented therein.

PL

W pracy omówiono metody stosowane do otrzymywania nanocząstek Al2O3. Przedstawiono wykorzystanie nanocząstek Al2O3 w celu poprawy przewodnictwa cieplnego i właściwości tribologicznych w różnych mediach, w tym oleju silnikowym.

15

Modern vehicles for refrigeration

Siczek Krystian, Siczek Krzysztof

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2018

|

R. 19, nr 6

718--722, CD

EN

The article contains an overview of modern solutions for refrigerated vehicles. The most important manufacturers of refrigerated trailers were described. Then, solutions based on adaptation of a refrigeration vehicle were discussed. The characteristics of popular trailers, trailers and bodies used as refrigerators were presented. The telematics systems and aggregates used in refrigerated vehicles were also discussed in the article.

PL

Artykuł zawiera przegląd nowoczesnych rozwiązań dla pojazdów chłodniczych. Opisano najważniejszych producentów naczep chłodniczych. Omówiono rozwiązania oparte na adaptacji pojazdu do chłodnictwa. Przedstawiono charakterystyki popularnych naczep, przyczep i nadwozi wykorzystywanych jako chłodnie. Omówiono systemy telematyczne i agregaty stosowane w samochodach chłodniczych.

16

Lekkie rozwiązania w przemyśle samochodowym

Siczek Krystian, Siczek Krzysztof

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

|

2017

|

R. 18, nr 12

1311--1314, CD

PL

W artykule omówiony został wpływ stosowania lekkich rozwiązań w przemyśle samochodowym na rozwój stosowanych cieczy roboczych przy obróbce plastycznej elementów pojazdów.

EN

Paper discussed the effect of using the lightweight solutions in automotive industry upon the development of metalworking fluids applied during formation the automotive components.