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1

Prediction of Road Subsidence Caused by Underground Mining Activities by Artificial Neural Networks

Nguyen Hung Viet, Le Duyen Quang, Nguyen Long Quoc, Lipecki Tomasz

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2023

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no. 2, vol. 1

335--340

EN

Mining-induced road subsidence is a significant concern in areas with extensive underground mining activities. Therefore, the prediction of road subsidence is crucial for effective land management and infrastructure planning. This paper applies an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict road subsidence caused by underground mining activities in Vietnam. The ANN model proposed in this study is adopted relying on the recursive multistep prediction process, in which the predicted value in the previous step is appended to the time series to predict the next value. The entire dataset of 12 measured epochs covering 12 months with a 1-month repeat time is divided into the training set by the first 9 measured epochs and the test set by the last 3 measured epochs. K-fold cross validation is first applied to the training set to determine the best model’s hyperparameters, which are then adopted to predict land subsidence of the test set. Absolute errors of the predicted road subsidence depend on the separated time between the last measured epoch and the predicted epoch. Those errors at the 10th month of the three tested points are 3.0%, 0.1 %, and 0.1%, which increase to 4.8%, 3.3%, and 1.5% at the 11th month, and 7.2%, 2.5% and 1.3% at the 12th month. The absolute errors are found to be small, which were all ranged with 0.5 mm and demonstrates that the proposed method utilizing ANN in this study can produce good prediction for road subsidence time series at mining areas.

2

Study on the stability evolution law of expansive soft rock roadway affected by seasonal wet-dry cycle

Jing Hongdi, Qu Fuming, Liu Xiaobo, Zhang Guangliang, Zhang Xingfan, Ma Xinbo

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 68, no. 1

165--182

EN

Many open-pit mines are gradually converted to underground mining, the problem of roadway surrounding rock damage caused by expansive soft rock is becoming increasingly problematic. To study the seasonal evolution of expansive rock mass containing clay minerals, an underground mine transferred from an open-pit was selected as the experimental mine. The experimental results of SEM electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed that the surrounding rock of the main haulage roadway contains a large number of expansive clay minerals. The expansive grade of the main transport roadway’s surrounding rock could then be identified as the medium expansive rock mass, which has a large amount of exchangeable cation and strong water absorption capacity, based on the combined test results of dry saturated water absorption and free expansion deformation. The water swelling can cause the roadway to considerably deform, and then the surrounding rock will have strong rheological characteristics. From the research results in the text, the seasonal evolution law of the main haulage roadway in the experimental mine was obtained, and the deformation law of the expansive rock mass under different dry and wet conditions was revealed. The research results provide a reference for studying the stability evolution law of expansive soft rocks in underground mines.

3

Proposed design fire scenarios for underground hard rock mines

Hansen Rickard

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2022

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Vol. 21, iss. 4

261--277

EN

Given the complexity and uniqueness of underground hard rock mines, the application of the design fire scenario approach is recommended when evaluating fire safety in mines. Providing a full set of design fire scenarios – ensuring that several important life safety aspects are covered – for a mine can be challenging. The question is whether a catalogue of potential clusters of design fire scenarios could be developed, covering important aspects found underground? Given the general lack of research into design fires in the mining industry, this paper provides a unique analysis of design fire scenarios in underground hard rock mines. Taking advantage of several different and diverse data sources, a comprehensive analysis with holistic character is provided where several proposed clusters of design fire scenarios and analyses of what criteria to apply when evaluating the scenarios are presented. The analysis of suitable criteria highlights the toxicity of the emitted smoke and decrease in visibility as potential criteria underground. The proposed scenarios focus on influencing parameters such as the fire behaviour, position of fire, fire load, and smoke spread. The proposed clusters of design fire scenarios will provide a key tool when evaluating fire protection measures in an underground mine.

4

Mining operations and geotechnical issues in deep hard rock mining – case of Boukhadra iron mine

Benyoucef Ali Ahmed, Gadri Larbi, Hadji Riheb, Mebrouk Faouzi, Harkati Elhaddi

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2022

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no. 4

27--46

EN

Underground mining operations are a very problematic task, especially in poor geotechnical conditions. The right choice of excavation and support techniques leads to adequate and secure mining operations. This should ensure the overall stability of the underground mine with the best productivity and stability performance. In this paper, an empirical model for obtaining support systems for underground galleries was applied. Then, a numerical model for the evaluation of the performance of support measures for rock masses in the Boukhadra iron mine was introduced. Extensive field and laboratory tests were performed to obtain geological, geotechnical, and mechanical data on the entire geologic formations of the (1105 m) level. The performance of the design is supported by the selection of a common support plan between RMR, Q, and UBC systems for each geotechnical unit. Therefore, the rock masses classification based on the geo-mechanical model has determined the suitable support systems. The finite element model (FEM) was used for the analysis of rock mass behaviour, displacements, stress, and plastic point distribution. The results permit the optimization of the plastic zone thickness around the gallery. The outcomes of this study could improve the stability of the mine by choosing the right direction of excavation in consideration to the direction of the discontinuity planes. In order to choose between the current and the recommended mining operations, an equivalent calculation sequence was verified. Our study demonstrated that the consideration of discontinuity sets in the orientation of excavation highly improves the mining conditions with or without support.

5

Casus Silesia Superior. Obecny stan i kierunki zagospodarowania kopalni podziemnych w regionie górnośląskim

Langer Piotr

PUA Przestrzeń Urbanistyka Architektura

|

2021

|

Vol. 2

52--72

PL

Artykuł zawiera prezentację wyników badań nad obecnym stanem i kierunkami zagospodarowania kopalni w regionie Górnego Śląska. Zrealizowane badania objęły kilkadziesiąt miejsc związanych z eksploatacją węgla kamiennego. Autor skupił się na zespołach szybowych kopalni podziemnych. Przedstawiono ich rozmieszczenie oraz poddano analizie pod kątem istotnych cech. Scharakteryzowano procesy związane z przemysłową działalnością kopalni, a także ich likwidacją oraz ewentualną adaptacją do nowych funkcji.

EN

This paper is a presentation of the findings on the current state and course of development of mines in the area of the Upper Silesia. The study covered several dozen sites associated with procurement of coal. The author focused on the shaft complexes of underground mines. Their distribution has been presented and subjected to analysis in terms of essential characteristics. Processes associated with the industrial activity of mine, its liquidation and possible adaptive reuse were characterised.

6

Applying Artificial Pillar to Replace the Coal Pillar Protecting Roadway to Increase Production Efficiency and Sustainable Development in the Vietnamese Coal Industry

Dinh Van Cuong, Nguyen Anh Tuan, Tran Van Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hoai Nga, Duong Duc Hai

Inżynieria Mineralna

|

2021

|

no. 2

587--597

EN

Vietnam's domestic coal production is growing fast and is expected to reach 68.9 million tons in 2030, nearly 1.5 times higher than today. Open-pit mines will gradually reduce production and close, and underground mining coal output will increase progressively year by year and take a leading role. Besides the investment in new mines to achieve these goals, it is necessary to maximize the coal reserve exploited annually of existing underground mine projects, which its coal reserve in pillars protecting roadways currently accounts for 12−15%. The further exploitation of this coal reserve will decrease the costs of preparation of underground mines and granting mining rights and depreciation of infrastructure assets. Moreover, it will help reduce the loss of non-renewable resources and contributing to the sustainable development of Vietnam’s coal industry.

7

Jazda ludzi górniczymi wyciągami szybowymi stanowiącymi stałe urządzenia transportowe w aspekcie obowiązujących przepisów

Mikulski Andrzej

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

|

2021

|

nr 7

7--15

PL

Prawo górnicze z 1930 r. nadało wyższym urzędom górniczym kompetencje do wydawania regulacji szczegółowych na tej podstawie, w 1947 r., prezes WUG w Katowicach wydał „Przepisy jazdy szybami" ujmujące całościowo, po raz pierwszy w polskim górnictwie, wymagania dla transportu osób górniczymi wyciągami szybowymi. Pomimo upływu czasu, większość z tych wymagań jest aktualna i znajduje odzwierciedlenie w dzisiejszych przepisach. Obowiązujące w tym zakresie regulacje prawne obejmują cztery obszary: wymagań technicznych projektowania ; wykonania elementów górniczych wyciągów szybowych, zasad bezpiecznego korzystania z wyciągów, kontroli i nadzoru nad ich eksploatacją oraz wymagań, jakie obowiązane są spełniać osoby odpowiedzialne za ruch górniczych wyciągów szybowych. Artykuł omawia je na tle zmian, jakie miały miejsce w prawie górniczym w okresie od odzyskania przez Polskę niepodległości do czasów współczesnych.

EN

The first Polish mining law was enacted ninety years ago and has become the foundation of uniform regulations for mines located in previous partitions territory of Poland. The act of mining enacted in 1930 gave the central mining authorities the jurisdiction to establish detailed regulation based on this legal act. As a result, in 1947 the President of the State Mining Authority in Katowice enacted The transport of persons mine shaft regulation" (in Polish) which for the first time contained requirements related to transporting persons. Despite passing of the time, most of them are still valid. Current regulations consist of four parts: technical requirements for designing and producing elements of the mining shaft hoists, safety regulations for using hoist machines, control and supervision the working staff. The article writes about them on the background of the regulations changes within the last ninety years.

8

Ocena jakości połączeń taśm przenośnikowych w podejściu procesowym

Kirjanów-Błażej Agata, Błażej Ryszard, Jurdziak Leszek, Kozłowski Tomasz, Burduk Anna

Transport Przemysłowy i Maszyny Robocze

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2020

|

Nr 1

5--12

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań jakości połączeń taśm przenośnika, co ma znaczący wpływ na ich wytrzymałość. Diagnostyka taśm przenośnikowych z linkami stalowymi przy użyciu metod nieniszczących (NDT) pozwala wykrywać i monitorować uszkodzenia na całej długości taśmy. Taka diagnostyka umożliwia również ocenę jakości połączenia. Testy, oparte na tej metodzie, zostały przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem systemu diagnostycznego Diagbelt opracowanego na Wydziale Geoinżynierii, Górnictwa i Geologii Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Zaproponowano kilka metod poprawy jakości połączeń w oparciu o uzyskane wyniki. Przedmiotem badań była trudnopalna taśma przenośnikowa ST 3150 o szerokości B-1200. Testy przeprowadzono na przenośniku taśmowym eksploatowanym w polskiej kopalni podziemnej.

EN

The article presents the results of tests on the quality of conveyor belt joints, which has a significant impact on their strength. Diagnostics of steel conveyor belts using non-destructive methods (NDT) allows detecting and monitoring damage along the entire length of the belt. Such diagnostics also makes it possible to assess the quality of the splices. Tests based on the proposed method were carried out using the Diagbelt diagnostic system developed at the Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology at the Wroclaw University of Technology.

9

Measurement of surface subsidence and ground collapse caused by underground mining in the Boleo Copper District, Mexico

Kim Jong-Gwan

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2020

|

Vol. 19, iss. 2

126--134

EN

Subsidence and vertical movements in mines are a challenge in mining operations. To qualify as a controlled mine site, ground movements must be measured regularly during mining operations. Boleo Copper District mine was monitored and the movement during mining operations was measured from Oct. 31, 2018 to March 15, 2019. The evaluation of vertical and horizontal movement was determined in four locations in the mine areas M303, M303S, M303 C, and M305. The exploitation area, which measured approximately 80 £ 90 m2 with a height of 2.4 m, impacted the surface in the form of cracks. These cracks were observed on the topographic surveys and varied during the mining operations from the beginning to the end. The final results indicated that the points with the greatest displacement were those in the central zone of the mine excavation (points #3, 5, and 6) and the displacement trend of the ground was toward this zone. In theory, the subsidence is typically lesser than the thickness of the extracted ore. In this case, the maximum subsidence was 1.15 m and the ore seam thickness was 2.4 m. The maximum possible subsidence is typically 55-65% of the extracted seam thickness; however, because chain pillars are generally left in place, and provide some support, this maximum possible subsidence is rarely reached. In this case, the maximum subsidence was 52% of the seam thickness.

10

Optimization of underground mine access layout and production scheduling

Hou Jie, Li Guoqing, Hu Nailian

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2020

|

T. 36, z. 2

87--108

EN

Optimization in mine planning could improve the economic benefit for mining companies. The main optimization contents in an underground mine includes stope layout, access layout and production scheduling. It is common to optimize each part sequentially, where optimal results from one phase are treated as the input for the next phase. The production schedule is based on the mining design. Access layout plays an important role in determining the connection relationships between stopes. This paper proposes a shortest-path search algorithm to design a network that automatically connects each stope. Access layout optimization is treated as a network flow problem. Stopes are viewed as nodes, and the roads between the stopes are regarded as edges. Moreover, the decline location influences the ore transport paths and haul distances. Tree diagrams of the ore transportation path are analyzed when each stope location is treated as an alternative decline location. The optimal decline location is chosen by an enumeration method. Then, Integer Programming (IP) is used to optimize the production scheduling process and maximize the Net Present Value (NPV). The extension sequence of access excavation and stope extraction is taken into account in the optimization model to balance access development and stope mining. These optimization models are validated in an application involving a hypothetical gold deposit, and the results demonstrate that the new approach can provide a more realistic solution compared with those of traditional approaches.

PL

Optymalizacja w planowaniu kopalni może poprawić korzyści gospodarcze dla przedsiębiorstw górniczych. Główna część optymalizacji w kopalni podziemnej obejmuje układ wyrobisk eksploatacyjnych, schemat udostepnienia i harmonogram wydobycia. Zazwyczaj każdy etap optymalizowany jest sekwencyjnie, gdzie optymalne wyniki z jednej fazy są traktowane jako dane wejściowe do następnej fazy. Harmonogram produkcji opiera się na projekcie górniczym. Struktura udostępnienia odgrywa ważną rolę w określaniu połączeń pomiędzy przodkami eksploatacyjnymi. Ten artykuł proponuje algorytm wyszukiwania najkrótszej ścieżki, aby zaprojektować sieć, która automatycznie łączy każdy przodek. Optymalizacja struktury udostępnienia jest traktowana jako problem przepływu w sieci. Przodki są traktowane jako węzły, a drogi pomiędzy nimi jako krawędzie. Ponadto lokalizacja upadowej udostępniającej wpływa na drogi transportu rudy i odległości odstawy. Analiza ścieżek drzew zdarzeń odbywa się przy założeniu alternatywnych lokalizacji upadowych. Optymalna lokalizacja upadowej jest wybierana metodą wyliczania. Następnie, za pomocą programowania zintegrowanego (Integer Programming – IP) optymalizuje się proces planowania produkcji i maksymalizacji wartości bieżącej netto (NPV).Rozwinięty układ wyrobisk udostępniających i eksploatacyjnych jest uwzględniany w modelu optymalizacji do zbilansowania udostępnienia i eksploatacji złoża. Te modele optymalizacji są walidowane w aplikacji uwzględniającej hipotetyczne złoże rud złota, której wyniki pokazują, że nowe podejście może dostarczyć bardziej realistyczne rozwiązanie w porównaniu z tradycyjnymi metodami.

11

Design of fire scenarios for Australian underground hard rock mines - Applying data from full-scale fire experiments

Hansen Rickard

Journal of Sustainable Mining

|

2019

|

Vol. 18, iss. 4

163--173

EN

One of the most significant tools when designing fire safety in an underground mine is the design fire methodology. This paper presents a number of design fire scenarios which were developed from risk assessments and risk analysis where a deterministic approach was implemented and where the results from earlier full-scale fire experiments in underground mines and analysis were included in the process. The developed scenarios showed that for scenarios, in which ventilation flow was in the same direction as the fuel continuity, continued fire spread to all major components were provided and longer and intermittent periods which resulted in high heat release rates resulted, would present a considerable risk to underground personnel. It was also found that the inclination of the decline has little influence on the resulting heat release rate - despite the flame tilt - and that the design of the mining vehicles was found to effectively delay or even prevent the ignition of adjacent fuel items in a number of cases. The design fire scenarios developed will provide a key tool when evaluating fire protection measures in an underground mine.

12

Simultaneous integrated optimization for underground mine planning: application and risk analysis of geological uncertainty in a gold deposit

Hou Jie, Li Guoqing, Hu Nailian, Wang Hao

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

|

2019

|

T. 35, z. 2

153--174

EN

The main optimized objects in underground mines include: stope layout, access layout and production scheduling. It is common to optimize each component sequentially, where optimal results from one phase are regarded as the input data for the next phase. Numerous methods have been developed and implemented to achieve the optimal solution for each component. In fact, the interaction between different phases is ignored in the tradition optimization models which only get the suboptimal solution compared to the integrated optimization model. This paper proposes a simultaneous integrated optimization model to optimize the three components at the same time. The model not only optimizes the mining layout to maximize the Net Present Value (NPV), but also considers the extension sequence of stope extraction and access excavation. The production capacity and ore quality requirement are also taken into account to keep the mining process stable in all mine life. The model is validated to a gold deposit in China. A two-dimensional block model is built to do the resource estimation due to the clear boundary of the hanging wall and footwall. The thickness and accumulation of each block is estimated by Ordinary Kriging (OK). In addition, the conditional simulation method is utilized to generate a series of orebodies with equal possibility. The optimal solution of optimization model is carried out on each simulated orebody to evaluate the influence of geological uncertainty on the optimal mining design and production scheduling. The risk of grade uncertainty is quantified by the possibility of obtaining the expected NPV. The results indicate that the optimization model has the ability to produce an optimal solution that has a good performance under the uncertainty of grade variability.

PL

Główne optymalizowane obiekty w kopalniach podziemnych to parametry struktury przodka wybierkowego, optymalnego udostępnienia oraz planowanie robót górniczych. Powszechne jest optymalizowanie każdego komponentu po kolei, przy czym optymalne wyniki jednej fazy są uważane za dane wejściowe dla następnej. Opracowano i wdrożono wiele metod w celu uzyskania optymalnego rozwiązania dla każdego komponentu. W rzeczywistości interakcja między różnymi fazami jest ignorowana w tradycyjnych modelach optymalizacji, które prowadzą do nieoptymalnych rozwiązań w porównaniu ze zintegrowanym modelem optymalizacji. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia zintegrowany model optymalizacji optymalizujący trzy komponenty w tym samym czasie. Model nie tylko optymalizuje układ wydobywczy, aby zmaksymalizować wartość bieżącą netto (NPV), ale także uwzględnia parametry przodka wybierkowego oraz wkopu udostępniającego złoże. Aby utrzymać proces wydobycia na stałym poziomie przez cały czas trwania eksploatacji, pod uwagę brane są również zdolności produkcyjne oraz wymagania dotyczące jakości rudy. Omawiany model jest opracowany na potrzeby złoża złota w Chinach. Powstały dwuwymiarowy model blokowy do oszacowania zasobów ze względu na wyraźną granicę między skrzydłem wiszącym a spągowym. Grubość i akumulacja każdego bloku jest szacowana za pomocą krigingu zwyczajnego (OK). Dodatkowo wykorzystywana jest warunkowa symulacja w celu generowania szeregu złóż rudy. Optymalny model optymalizacji jest przeprowadzany na każdym symulowanym złożu w celu oceny wpływu niepewności geologicznej na optymalne planowanie robót górniczych i produkcji. Ryzyko odnośnie do niepewności jakości złoża jest kwantyfikowane przez możliwość uzyskania oczekiwanej wartości bieżącej netto (NPV). Wyniki wskazują, że model optymalizacji ma zdolność do tworzenia optymalnego rozwiązania w warunkach niepewności.

13

Alternative electromagnetic compatibility methods tests of mining equipment

Michalak M. P.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2018

|

R. 94, nr 2

45--49

EN

In the paper author not only mentions the difficulties connected with mining equipment tests and their typical working environment, but most of all presents the results of his many years’ research concerning issues connected with non-standard approach to the testing of “difficult” subjects (equipment). The paper presents practical problems of mining equipment EMC testing together with the description of the cases of incorrect or faulty work of mining equipment as the result of not complying with the electromagnetic compatibility requirements.

PL

W niniejszym artykule autor nie tylko wspomina o trudnościach związanych z badaniami urządzeń górniczych i ich typowym środowisku pracy, ale przede wszystkim przedstawia wyniki swoich wieloletnich badań nad zagadnieniami związanymi z nienormatywnym podejściem do badań „trudnych obiektów (urządzeń). W artykule zaprezentowano praktyczne problemy dotyczące badań EMC sprzętu górniczego wraz z opisem przypadków niezgodności z wymaganiami EMC.

14

Practical Aspects of Event Logs Creation for Industrial Process Modelling

Trzcionkowska A., Brzychczy E.

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2018

|

Vol. 1, Iss. 1

77--83

EN

In the paper we address the challenge of applying process mining techniques for discovering models of underground mining operations based on a sensor data. The paper presents practical approach of creation an event log based on industrial sensors data gathered in an underground mine monitoring systems. The proposed approach enables to generate event logs at different generalization levels based on several numbers of discovered stages of devices performance. For discovering process stages data mining techniques such as exploratory data analysis, clustering and classification have been applied. Created event log has been used in one of the process mining tasks - process model discovery.

15

Transmission of ultrafine particles through separating systems of dust samplers

Skubacz K.

Journal of Sustainable Mining

|

2018

|

Vol. 17, iss. 2

48--55

EN

In underground mines there is a radiation hazard associated with natural radioactive nuclides. The main sources of radiation exposure in Polish mines are short-lived radon decay products, radioactive mine water containing radium and the sediments precipitated from these waters. For miners, the most common hazard is usually the short-lived radon decay products. Aspirators, equipped with separation systems, are mostly used in order to control this hazard. Inside these aspirators there are meters which measure the radiation emitted by radioactive aerosols collected on the filter. The purpose of these systems is to remove particles from the air stream that do not form the respirable fraction. At the same time, however, a deposition of small-size aerosols takes place in them because of the high values of their corresponding diffusion coefficients. This excludes the possibility of their proper detection by radiation meters. In this paper, the transmission of particles up to 100 nm in size by the separating systems is evaluated. The evaluated transmission ranged from about 60% for sizes of 7 nm, reaching up to 95% at the boundary values of the tested range. The influence of the particle distribution of the aerosols on the radiation calibration coefficients was also investigated in a radon chamber, through their exposure to conditions where the air contained low aerosol concentrations of about 4.0×108 particles/m3 and also when it was nearly 100-times higher. In the first case, the measured sensitivity of the meters was about 20-30% lower, which was probably due to a higher number of small aerosols and, as a result, particle transmission decreased. However, at higher aerosol concentrations, the sensitivity of the meters remained practically the same, regardless of whether the air reached the filters by the separation systems or if they were omitted.

16

The Process of Closing of Ventilation Areas of the Paskov Mine, OKD a.s. – Czech Republic

Hruzek Z., Kosnovsky V., Grygarcik F., Hudecek V.

Inżynieria Mineralna

|

2018

|

R. 20, nr 2

213--220

EN

On the 31st March 2017, the mining of hard coal in the last active mine in the Ostrava part of Ostrava-Karviná Coalfield was completed according to plan. Based on the decision of management of the company OKD, a.s. concerning the closure of the Paskov Mine, a plan of gradual closure of individual ventilation areas of the mine was prepared. Currently, the Paskov Mine is, from the point of view of mining legislation, in the stage of treatment and, in accordance with this plan, operations connected with the closure of individual areas are being performed. The decommissioning of main mine workings can be commenced after obtaining a necessary permit from the District Mining Authority for the area of the Moravian-Silesian and the Olomouc Region. In the article, information on the current process of closing of ventilation areas of the Paskov Mine and the expected subsequent process of mine closure is summarised.

PL

W dniu 31 marca 2017 r. wydobycie węgla kamiennego w ostatniej czynnej kopalni w Ostrawskiej części Zagłębia Ostrawsko- -Karwińskiego zakończono zgodnie z planem. Na podstawie decyzji zarządu firmy OKD, a.s. w sprawie zamknięcia Kopalni Paskov przygotowano plan stopniowego zamykania poszczególnych obszarów wentylacyjnych kopalni. Obecnie Kopalnia Paskov jest z punktu widzenia przepisów górniczych na etapie likwidacji i zgodnie z tym planem prowadzone są działania związane z zamknięciem poszczególnych obszarów. Likwidacja głównych wyrobisk górniczych może zostać rozpoczęta po uzyskaniu niezbędnego zezwolenia od Powiatowego Urzędu Górniczego na obszar województwa morawsko-śląskiego i ołomunieckiego. W artykule podsumowano informacje na temat aktualnego procesu zamykania obszarów wentylacyjnych kopalni Paskov oraz oczekiwanego późniejszego procesu zamykania kopalni.

17

Odstavení hlavního ventilátoru lokality Sviadnov, Důl Paskov, OKD, a.s. – Česká Republika

Urban P., Hrůzek Z., Gibesová B., Košňovský V.

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

|

2016

|

z. 1 (13)

84--91

CS

Příspěvek řeší redukci větrní sítě a tím úsporu elektrické energie v souvislosti s odstavením hlavního ventilátoru na lokalitě Sviadnov, Dolu Paskov na základě přesunu hornické činnosti do důlních polí Staříč a Chlebovice, Dolu Paskov, OKD, a.s.

EN

The article deals with the reduction of the mine ventilation network, thereby saving electricity in connection with the shutdown of the main fan at the locality Sviadnov,the Paskov mine based on moving mining activities to the takes of a pit Staříč and Chlebovice, the Paskov Mine, OKD, a.s. (Ostrava-Karviná Mines).

18

The usage of telemetry measurements methods to determine shaft tube deformations caused by natural and antrophogenic rock mass movements

Jabłoński M., Jaśkowski W.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2016

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Vol. 42, no. 1

79--80

EN

Mining shaft is the most important element of the underground mine. It determines the mine’s ability to work efficiently. Mining shaft is used for transporting employees, equipment and dirt or output. It also allows to perform fast rescue operation and ensures that employees in danger can be quickly evacuated. Last but not least, it allows ventilation and functioning underground. Mining shaft and especially the shaft tube are subject to influences, both geological and anthropogenic. In details: local geological structure (deposit tectonic structure), mass rock movements due to exploitation inside and outside of safety shaft pillar, underground watercourses and leakages of shaft or voids around the shaft (especially dangerous in case of salt exploitation). Ensuring shaft’s safe operation is the primary aim of measurements and observations performed in mining shafts. This involves not only determining the current technical condition of the mining shaft, but also determining causes of observed changes (Szczerbowski & Jóźwik 2002). In order to preserve the efficiency of every shafts several inventory works have been performed, described in details in Ordinance (Regulation of the Minister of Economy from 28th of June 2002) and its appendix (Appendix nr 4 to Regulation of the Minister of Economy from 28th of June 2002, Jaśkowski 2013). This paper presents an overview of measurement techniques which are in use in order to perform shift tube’s inventory, with particular emphasis on telemetric measurement methods. The author compares classical measurement methods with possibilities of telemetry in few cases: financial, time-consuming and measurable. As an example monitoring system designed for the “Wieliczka” Salt Mine has been described in details. The system based on extensometers (vertical and horizontal strain gauges) and inclinometers, joined on each level and sent to the data centre was used in 2014 and 2015 to monitor deformations on and between five levels (from 0 m to −36 m) during sealing and stiffening the shaft housing. Material, injected under considerable pressure (up to 30 MPa) to 92 boreholes located few meters from the shaft, could damage the reinforcement and cause critical failures of the shaft. In order to prevent such situations, mobile system for monitoring the condition of the structure of the shaft was mounted. Its indications allowed to define in the current time the value of deformation occurring in the shaft and, if necessary, to immediately modify the schedule and course of injection works. Analysis of the results shows a slight deformation of the shaft housing during the injection and demonstrates the advantages of the monitoring system as well as a novel method of high-pressure injections (Jaśkowski et al. 2016).

19

Zmiany właściwości elektrostatycznych tkanin wykonanych w technice przeplotu

Kędzierski P.

Wiadomości Górnicze

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2015

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R. 66, nr 4

209--212

PL

W artykule opisano kontynuację badań, których pierwsze wyniki przedstawiono w publikacji „Ocena właściwości elektrostatycznych tkanin wykonanych w technice przeplotu" (WG 2013, nr 9). Tkaniny używane w podziemnych wyrobiskach zakładów górniczych charakteryzują się różnorodnością wykonania. Różnorodność ta wiąże się z różnorodnością procesu antystatyzacji. Osiem tkanin, które były przedmiotem badań w 2013 roku, przechowywano w archiwum Laboratorium GIG. Ponadto, w kolejnym etapie prac, zbadano te same tkaniny po przepłukaniu bieżącą wodą.

EN

The article describes the continuation of research, first results of which are presented in the publication „Assessment of electrostatic properties of fabrics made in interlacing technique" (WG 2013, no. 9). Fabrics used in underground mines are characterized by a diversity of workmanship. This diversity is associated with diversity of antistatization process. Eight fabrics, which were examined in 2013, were kept in the archives of the Laboratory of the CMI. Moreover, at a further stage of works, the same fabrics were examined after their rinsing out with running water.

20

Powietrzno-wodne instalacje zraszające do redukcji zapylenia

Bałaga D., Cebula D., Kalita M., Siegmund M.

Wiadomości Górnicze

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2015

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R. 66, nr 11

560--568

PL

W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienie zagrożenia związanego z zapyleniem powietrza występującym w podziemnych wyrobiska górniczych jak również zakładach przeróbczych. Opisano metody skutecznej redukcji zapylenia i działanie instalacji zraszających, w szczególności powietrzno-wodnych. Podano przykłady urządzeń i systemów opracowanych i wdrożonych przez Instytut Techniki Górniczej KOMAG.

EN

The article presents the issue of the hazard connected with dustiness of air occurring in underground mine workings as well as in processing plants. It describes the methods of effective dust reduction and operation of spraying systems, in particular air- water ones. The examples have been presented of devices and systems developed and implemented by the Institute of Mining Technology KOMAG.