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PL
W pracy podjęto próbę pozyskania zmodyfikowanych struktur żelatynowych, z przeznaczeniem na opakowania żywności. Żele, po uprzednim przygotowaniu, poddano liofilizacji, a następnie zbadano ich właściwości termofizyczne. Dodatkiem modyfikującym strukturę były chrupki skrobiowe otrzymane w procesie ekstruzji. Jako materiału porównawczego w badaniach przewodności i dyfuzyjności cieplnej oraz wytrzymałości na rozciąganie użyto styropianu ekstrudowanego XPS, stosowanego obecnie m.in. w produkcji opakowań dla przemysłu spożywczego.
EN
In the paper, the attempts to obtain modified gelatin structures for food packaging were described. After previous preparation, gels were subjected to lyophilisation process and then, their thermo-physical properties were tested. Starch crisps, as being obtained during extrusion process, were the structure-modifying addictive. The extruded XPS polystyrene, which is currently used in production of packages for food industry, was employed as a comparative material in thermal conductivity and diffusivity tests and in the tensile strength test.
EN
The paper presents results of measuring heat diffusivity and thermal conductivity coefficients of used green foundry sand in temperature range ambient – 600°C. During the experiments a technical purity Cu plate was cast into the green-sand moulds. Basing on measurements relationships of the measured properties were evaluated. It was confirmed that the obtained relationships are complex and that water vaporization strongly influences thermal conductivity of the moulding sand in the first period of the mould heating by the poured and solidified casting.
3
Content available remote The problems connected with the solidification parameters estimation
EN
In the article results of thermo-physical properties estimation are presented. Thermo-physical properties estimation was carried out with trial-and-error method on the base of the model computer simulations results. In the first step the computer simulations of self-cooling and heating processes for different thermo-physical properties of specimen alloy and for proposed two testers geometry was carried out. thermo-physical properties of specimen alloy were artifical, assumed by author. The results of simulation in the form of self-cooling and heating curves were used in the second step of work. In the second step the computer simulations to thermo-physical properties estimation by trial-and-error method was carried out. In these simulations only thermo-physical properties of specimen alloy were estimated, thermophysical properties of others materials and boundary conditions were exactly the same as in model simulations. finally thermo-physical properties assumed in first step were compared to estimated in second step.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono pomiar właściwości termofizycznych spoiw, materiałów ceramicznych oraz mas ceramicznych. Przedmiotem badań były materiały ceramiczna nadające się do wykonywania form ceramicznych do precyzyjnego odlewania tytanu i stopów reaktywnych. Do oznaczania własności termofizycznych posłużył aparat do oznaczania temperatur charakterystycznych PR-25/1750. Wyznaczano temperatury przemian fazowych (temperatura spiekania, mięknięcia, topnienia i płynięcia).
EN
The article describes the measurement of thermo-physical proprieties of binders, ceramic materials and ceramic slurries. The present study concerns the ceramic materials to perform ceramic moulds to precise casting of the titanium and reactive alloys. The thermophysical proprieties measurements were performed on the apparatus to denotation of characteristic temperatures PR-25/1750. Appoint the temperatures of phase changes (the temperature of sintering, softening, melting and flowing).
5
Content available remote Thermophysical properties of metal melts and problems of nuclear technology
EN
Expediency of using metal melts as functional materials in technological processes and apparatus of nuclear technology is due to the fact that they, preserving the advantages of crystal metals (first of all, their high thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and heat capacity), acquire new useful properties because of their fluidity. The loss of strength is not a disadvantage in new conditions of application. At the same time, such properties as convectional heat exchange and radiation-resistant structure make metal melts indispensable for being used as heat carriers of nuclear reactors. At present gallium-based and lithium-based melts are becoming more and more widely used. The article presents the results of such melts studies.
PL
Przeanalizowano perspektywy wykorzystania metali ciekłych jako materiałów do wykonywania czujników temperatury i nośników ciepła w energetyce jądrowej. Przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości fizycznych stopów galu i litu w zakresie topnienia i krystalizacji.
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