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1
Content available Thermal Reclamation of Foundry Sands Using Repurposed Sand Dryer Equipment
Sappinen T., Orkas J., Kronqvist T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2018
|
Vol. 18, iss. 4
99--102
EN
One of the biggest problems for sand casting foundries must be the waste produced from disposable molds. Stricter environmental regulations make it harder to dispose of waste sand, so a truly competitive foundry does no longer only make great products, but also concentrates on a sustainable casting process. While methods for repurposing waste foundry sand are still limited, the internal circulation of such sands proves significant possibilities. This paper will focus on thermal reclamation of foundry sands in a special rotating drum furnace in a central facility to serve several foundries. Thermal reclamation is a process for handling foundry sands in elevated temperatures to combust unwanted substances from reusable base sand. The introduction focuses on background of the Finnish foundry business, the most common sand systems in Finland and their reclaim properties. The experimental part features presentation of the new reclamation plant process and the conducted test runs. The samples collected from each test run have been laboratory tested to assure proper sand quality. The results of this work showed that the reclamation of alkaline phenolic no-bake sands was excellent. Reclamation of green sands did not provide satisfactory results as expected and the reclamation of furan no-bake sands provided mixed results, as the raw material was imperfect to begin with. The most important result of this work is still the successful initiation of a centralized thermal reclamation plant, with the ability to reclaim sands of several foundries. With this all of industrial symbiosis, circular economy and sustainability advanced in Finland, and the future development of this plant provides even further opportunities and a possibility to spread the ideas on a global scale.
2
Content available Method of Selecting the Reclamation Temperature of Spent Moulding Sands with Organic Binders
Łucarz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2018
|
Vol. 18, iss. 1
65--70
EN
The thermal reclamation process as a utilisation method of spent moulding and core sands is more costly than other reclamation methods, but in the majority of cases it simultaneously provides the best cleaning of mineral matrices from organic binders. Thus, the application of the thermal analysis methods (TG-DSC), by determining the temperature range within which a degradation followed by a destruction of bounded organic binders in moulding sands, can contribute to the optimisation of the thermal reclamation process and to the limiting its realisation costs. The thermal analysis results of furan resin, one of the most often applied binder in foundry practice, are presented in the hereby paper. The influence of the heating rate of the sample - placed in the thermal analyser - on its degradation and destruction process under oxygen-free (argon) and oxygen (air) conditions, were compared. The recorded TG and DSC curves were used for analysing these processes as the temperature as well as the time function. The obtained results were analysed with regard to determining the required temperature of the thermal reclamation of the investigated organic binder. The usefulness of the developed methodology was found out, however under conditions of meeting several essential requirements concerning the repeatability of performed analyses.
3
Content available Influence of the reclamation method of spent moulding sands on the possibility of creating favourable conditions for gases flow in a mould
Łucarz M., Drożyński D.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2017
|
Vol. 62, iss. 1
359--364
EN
The results of investigations concerning the influence of the applied sand matrix (fresh sand, reclaim) on the properties of moulding sands used for production of large dimensional castings (ingot moulds, ladles), are presented in the hereby paper. The performed investigations were aimed at determining the influence of various reclamation methods of spent moulding sands on the quality of the obtained reclaimed material. Moulding sands were prepared on the fresh quartz matrix as well as on sand matrices obtained after various reclamation methods. The selected moulding sand parameters were tested (strength, permeability, grindability, ignition losses, pH reactions). It can be stated, on the basis of the performed investigations, that the kind of the applied moulding sand matrix is of an essential meaning from the point of view of creating conditions minimising formation of large amounts of gases and their directional migration in a casting mould.
4
Content available Influence of Reclamation Process on the Ecological Quality of Reclaim Sand
Dereń M., Łucarz M., Roczniak A., Kmita A.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2017
|
Vol. 17, iss. 4
43--46
EN
In this article, there were presented results of research on influence of reclamation process on the ecological quality of reclaim sand with furan resin used in nonferrous foundry. The quality of reclaimed sand is mainly define by two group of chemical substances from elution of reclaimed sand: Dissolves Organic Carbon (DOC) and Total Dissolves Solids (TDS). Reclaimed sand used in test was prepared in experimental thermal reclaimer and mechanical vibration reclaimer REGMAS installed in Faculty of Foundry Engineering at University of Science and Technology in Krakow. The reference point is molding sand shaking out and crumble in jaw crusher. Test of elution was made in acreditation laboratory in Center For Research and Environmental Control in Katowice up to the standard with Dissolves Organic Carbon (DOC) - PN-EN 1484:1999; Total Dissolves Solids (TDS) - PN-EN 15216:2010. The standard for elution test is PN-EN 12457- 4:2006. Except that we were made loss of ignition test, to check how many resin was rest on sand grains.
5
Content available Conditions of Thermal Reclamation Process Realization on a Sample of Spent Moulding Sand from an Aluminum Alloy Foundry Plant
Łucarz M., Dereń M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2017
|
Vol. 17, iss. 2
197--201
EN
The results of investigations of thermal reclamation of spent moulding sands originating from an aluminum alloy foundry plant are presented in this paper. Spent sands were crushed by using two methods. Mechanical fragmentation of spent sand chunks was realized in the vibratory reclaimer REGMAS. The crushing process in the mechanical device was performed either with or without additional crushing-grinding elements. The reclaimed material obtained in this way was subjected to thermal reclamations at two different temperatures. It was found that a significant binder gathering on grain surfaces favors its spontaneous burning, even in the case when a temperature lower than required for the efficient thermal reclamation of furan binders is applied in the thermal reclaimer. The burning process, initiated by gas burners in the reclaimer chamber, generates favorable conditions for self-burning (at a determined amount of organic binders on grain surfaces). This process is spontaneously sustained and decreases the demand for gas. However, due to the significant amount of binder, this process is longer than in the case of reclaiming moulding sand prepared with fresh components.
6
Content available Investigation of the Results of Combined Reclamation on the Particular Stages of Grain Matrix Recovery
Łucarz M., Dańko R., Dereń M., Skrzyński M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2016
|
Vol. 61, iss. 4
2151--2158
EN
In this article, there were presented the results of research on combined mechanical and thermal regeneration of waste moulding sand with furfuryl resin originated from one of national foundries manufacturing aluminium alloys castings. Attempts of mechanical reclamation were led on the REGMAS reclaimer enabling to realize preliminary and primary reclamation with use of two modes of mechanical interactions on waste moulding sand. In the first attempt the reclaimer worked without any additional regenerating elements, and as the second solution, the reclaimer operated with additional crushing and abrasive elements to increase the result of primary reclamation. Thermal reclamation was led in the prototypic thermal reclaimer, enabling to fully control the process of grain matrix recovery. As a result of completed investigations the small efficiency of mechanical reclamation was determined. However, use of combined regeneration allowed for obtaining grain matrix of high purity. Thermal regeneration was conducted in prototypic thermal reclaimer. Evaluation of reclaim (reclaimed material) quality was carried out in the way of iginition losses and grain-size analysis, surface morphology and also by executing of strength testing of moulding sand prepared on obtained grain matrix for the particular reclamation operations.
7
Content available State of Spent Molding Sands in the Mold Large-Size Cast
Łucarz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2016
|
Vol. 16, iss. 4
69--74
EN
The results of investigations of spent moulding sands taken from the mould at various distances from the surface of the produced casting, are presented in the paper. The casting mould was made with an application of the cooling system of the metal core in order to increase the cooling rate of the ladle casting. As temperature measurements in the mould indicated the heat flow from the metal did not create conditions for the complete burning of a moulding sand. The analysis was performed to find out changes of spent moulding sands caused by degradation and destruction processes of organic binders. Conditions occurring in the casting mould were discussed on the bases of testing: ignition losses, dusts contents, pH reactions and the surface morphology of the moulding sand samples. Factors limiting the effective mould degassing were pointed out. Operations, possible for realisation, which can limit the reasons of a periodical occurrence of increased amounts of casting defects due to changing gas evolution rates being the result of the technological process, were also indicated.
8
Content available Ecological Aspects of the Performed Thermal Reclamation
Łucarz M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2015
|
Vol. 60, iss. 1
329--333
EN
The thermal analysis results of the selected group of binders and the thermal reclamation of one spent moulding sand with organic binder, are presented in the paper. The reclaiming process of the quartz matrix was performed on the basis of the own method of selecting the reclamation temperature. Taking into account thermogravimetric (TG) analysis results of the binder, the temperature range - required for performing the efficient reclamation of spent moulding sand containing this binder - was indicated. In order to confirm the assumptions, the thermal reclamation operations were carried out at a temperature similar to the determined on the TG basis and - for comparisons - at lower and higher temperatures. During the reclamation operation the reclaim samples were taken for the loss on ignition testing, aimed at the determination of the process efficiency. Temperature in the reclaimer chamber and gas consumptions were also recorded. On the bases of the thermal analyses, loss on ignition, gas consumption and temperatures of the reclaimed moulding sand bed the recommendations for the realisation of the thermal reclamation were given. These recommendations will allow a better, than currently available, process control in an aspect of decreasing the pyrolysis effect and limiting the emission of substances harmful for the environment.
PL
W publikacji przedstawiono wyniki badań analizy termicznej wybranej grupy spoiw i regeneracji termicznej jednej zużytej masy ze spoiwem organicznym. Proces odzysku osnowy kwarcowej przeprowadzono w oparciu o sformułowany własny sposób doboru temperatury regeneracji. Na podstawie zrealizowanych badań analizy termograwimetrycznej (TG) spoiwa wskazano zakres temperatury, wymaganej do przeprowadzenia skutecznej regeneracji termicznej masy zużytej z jego udziałem. W celu potwierdzania przyjętych założeń wykonano zabiegi regeneracji termicznej w temperaturze zbliżonej do wyznaczonej na podstawie TG oraz dla porównania w niższej i wyższej temperaturze. W trakcie trwania zabiegu regeneracji pobierano próbki regeneratu do badania strat prażenia, w celu określenia skuteczności działania procesu. Podczas regeneracji rejestrowano temperaturę w komorze regeneratora oraz zużycie gazu. Na podstawie zestawienia analiz termicznych, strat prażenia, zużycia gazu oraz temperatury złoża regenerowanej masy podano wytyczne do realizacji regeneracji termicznej, w warunkach pełniejszej niż dotychczas kontroli procesu w aspekcie zmniejszenia zjawiska pirolizy i emisji związków szkodliwych do otoczenia.
9
Content available Wpływ wybranych parametrów regeneracji termicznej zużytej masy rdzeniowej na skuteczność prowadzonych zabiegów
Łucarz M., Dańko R., Dereń M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2015
|
Vol. 15, iss. 4 spec.
91--94
PL
W publikacji przedstawiono wyniki badań, których celem było określenie wpływu wybranych parametrów pracy doświadczalnego regeneratora termicznego na skuteczność jego działania. Efektywność pracy urządzenia przeprowadzono analizując wpływ: temperatury pracy, temperatury powietrza fluidyzacji, stopnia nagrzania komory regeneratora termicznego oraz sposobu mieszania złoża. Badania wykonano na stanowisku doświadczalnym zainstalowanym w hali maszyn odlewniczych Wydziału Odlewnictwa AGH. Ocenę wpływu poszczególnych parametrów dokonano na podstawie badania strat prażenia pozyskanego regeneratu. Wykonano także badania wytrzymałości na zginanie kształtek z masy rdzeniowej w uniwersalnej maszynie do wykonywania próbek testowych i małych rdzeni w technologii hot-box (LUT).
EN
The publication presents the results of a study aimed at determining the effect of selected parameters of the experimental thermal regenerator on its effectiveness. Efficiency of operation was carried out by analysing the effect of: operating temperature, fluidizing air temperature, heat degree in regenerator chamber and method of mixing fluidized bed. The research was conducted at the experimental station installed in the machine hall of the Faculty of Foundry Engineering AGH UST. Assessment of the impact of individual parameters was based on loss on ignition of achieved reclaims. Studies of bending strength of the core sands prepared with reclaim in hot-box technology are also presented.
10
Content available Influence of Thermal Reclamation Temperature on the Strength of the Moulding Sand Made of the Reclaim in the Hot-box Technology
Łucarz M., Grabowska B.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2015
|
Vol. 15, iss. 1 spec.
131--135
EN
The results of the thermal reclamation investigations of the spent moulding sand with the Ekotec 35 binder, are presented in the paper. The reclamation process of the quartz matrix was carried out on the basis of the author's own method of selecting the reclamation temperature. On the bases of the performed thermo-gravimetric analysis of the binder the temperature range required for the efficient thermal reclamation was indicated. In order to confirm the assumption the thermal reclamations were performed at a temperature determined by the TG and - for comparisons - at a lower and higher temperature. During the reclamation process samples of the reclaim were taken for testing ignition losses in order to determine the process efficiency. The correctness of the assumed method of selecting the temperature range of the thermal reclamation of spent moulding sand with the Ekotec 35 binder was confirmed.
11
Analiza termiczna a regeneracja termiczna zużytych mas formierskich - cz. II
Grabowska B., Łucarz M.
Laboratorium - Przegląd Ogólnopolski
|
2014
|
nr 3-4
44--48
PL
Zagospodarowanie zużytych mas formierskich i rdzeniowych wytwarzanych w przemyśle odlewniczym jest aktualnie coraz większym problemem, głównie ze względów ekologicznych. Dlatego celowe wydaje się poszukiwanie metod zmierzających do minimalizacji nakładów na jego realizację.
EN
Management of spent moulding and core sands produced in the foundry industry becomes currently more and more difficult problem, mainly due to ecological reasons. Therefore searching for methods leading to the minimisation of expenditures for its realisation, seems appropriate.
12
Content available Determination of Parameters of the Moulding Sand Reclamation Process, on the Thermal Analysis Bases
Łucarz M., Grabowska B., Grabowski G.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2014
|
Vol. 59, iss. 3
1023--1027
EN
For the practical and functional reasons the investigation of the thermal decomposition process is of an essential meaning in relation to the thermal stabilisation of materials and obtaining for them the desired thermal properties. On the other side, thermal tests are carried out in order to identify degradation mechanisms, which is important in the environment protection context, including materials reuse. The cycle of investigations in which thermal TG-DTA methods were applied as supplementary ones for the works on the optimisation of the thermal reclamation process is presented in the hereby paper. The thermal reclamation process as a utilisation method of spent moulding and core sands is more costly than other reclamation methods, but in the majority of cases it simultaneously provides the best cleaning of mineral matrices from organic binders. Thus, the application of the thermal analysis methods (TG-DTA), by determining the temperature range within which a degradation followed by a destruction of bounded organic binders in moulding sands, can contribute to the optimisation of the thermal reclamation process and to the limiting its realisation costs.
PL
Ze względów praktycznych i użytkowych zbadanie procesu degradacji termicznej ma podstawowe znaczenie w odniesieniu do problemu procesu stabilizowania termicznego materiałów i otrzymywania dla nich pożądanych właściwości termicznych. Z drugiej strony badania termiczne prowadzi się w celu rozpoznania mechanizmów ich degradacji, co ma też znaczenie w kontekście ochrony środowiska, w tym ich powtórnego wykorzystania materiałowego. W publikacji przedstawiono cykl badań, w którym zastosowano metody termiczne (TG-DTA) w uzupełnieniu do prowadzonych prac nad optymalizacją procesu regeneracji termicznej. Proces regeneracji termicznej jako sposób utylizacji zużytych mas formierskich i rdzeniowych w stosunku do innych rodzajów regeneracji zużytych mas jest bardziej kosztowny, ale jednocześnie dający w większości przypadków najlepsze oczyszczenie osnowy mineralnej ze spoiw organicznych. Stąd zastosowanie metod analizy termicznej (TG-DTA), poprzez określenie zakresu temperatury, w którym dochodzi do degradacji, a następnie destrukcji związanych spoiw organicznych w masie, może przyczynić się do optymalizacji procesu regeneracji termicznej i zmniejszenia kosztów jego realizacji.
13
Content available Thermal Reclamation Process of the Spent Moulding Sand with the Polymer BioCo2 Binder
Grabowska B., Łucarz M., Kaczmarska K.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2014
|
Vol. 14, iss. 3 spec.
90--94
EN
The results of the thermal reclamation investigations of the spent moulding sand with the polymer BioCo2 binder, are presented in the paper. The reclamation process of the quartz matrix was carried out on the basis of the author's own method of selecting the reclamation temperature. On the bases of the performed thermo-gravimetric analysis of the binder the temperature range required for the efficient thermal reclamation was indicated. In order to confirm the assumption the thermal reclamations were performed at a temperature determined by the TG and - for comparisons - at a lower and higher temperature. During the reclamation process samples of the reclaim were taken for testing ignition losses in order to determine the process efficiency. The correctness of the assumed method of selecting the temperature range of the thermal reclamation of spent moulding sand with the polymer BioCo2 binder was confirmed.
14
Content available Influence of the Thermal Reclamation of the Spent Core Sand Matrix on Its Reuse
Łucarz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2014
|
Vol. 14, iss. 1 spec.
27--30
EN
The investigation results of the thermal reclamation of spent core sands made in the hot-box technology are presented in the paper. Energy-consumption of the process was tested by recording the media consumption during the thermal treatment of the determined intensity. Gas demands in dependence of the reclamation process temperatures were compared. During the reclamation process the reclaimed material samples were taken to test ignition losses in order to determine the efficiency of the realised procedures. The influence of the reclamation temperature on the quality of the obtained reclaimed material was checked. The effects of the realised reclamation procedures of the same moulding sand at various temperatures were also assessed on the grounds of strength of moulding sands prepared on the bases of the obtained reclaims. It was found that the process energy-consumption can depend on the expected core sand parameters. The attention was drawn to the fact, that bearing of costs for the thermal reclamation - very often - does not correspond directly with the obtained effects. The thermal reclamation performed very intensively, which corresponds with the costs increase, is not always needed for obtaining the core sand of parameters comparable with the sand made of fresh components.
15
Content available Analysis of the Selected Parameters of the Thermal Reclaimer
Łucarz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2014
|
Vol. 14, iss. 4
67--72
EN
The investigation results of the influence of the selected parameters of the thermal reclaimer operations on the temperature changes in the combustion chamber and the process energy consumption, are presented in the hereby paper. The analysis of the heat treatment was performed with the application of a fresh foundry sand, since it was assumed that the dominating energy part was used for the grain matrix heating and due to that, the energy used for burning small amounts of organic binder remained on sand grains could be omitted. Thermal treatment processes performed under various conditions were analysed from the point of view of a gas consumption and temperatures obtained in the experimental reclaimer. The recorded data allowed to point out the parameters having essential influence on the process of the quartz matrix heating in the combustion chamber as a gas consumption function.
16
Analiza termiczna a regeneracja termiczna zużytych mas formierskich - cz. I
Łucarz M., Grabowski G., Grabowska B.
Laboratorium - Przegląd Ogólnopolski
|
2013
|
nr 11-12
43--45
PL
Proces regeneracji termicznej jest jednym ze sposobów utylizacji zużytych mas formierskich i rdzeniowych. W stosunku do innych rodzajów regeneracji zużytych mas jest to zabieg kosztowny, ale jednocześnie dający w większości przypadków najlepsze oczyszczenie osnowy (piasku kwarcowego) ze spoiw organicznych. Zastosowanie analizy termicznej w celu określenia zakresu temperatury, w którym dochodzi do degradacji, a następnie destrukcji związanych spoiw organicznych, może przyczynić się do optymalizacji procesu i zmniejszenia kosztów jego realizacji.
EN
The thermal reclamation process is one of the utilisation ways of spent moulding and core sands. This procedure, in relation to other kinds of reclamation, is rather costly, however simultaneously providing – in a majority of cases – the best purification of the matrix (high-silica sand) from organic binding materials. The application of the thermal analysis in order to determine the temperature range, within which a degradation followed by a decomposition of organic binders occurs, can contribute to the process optimisation and decreasing costs of its realisation.
17
Content available Wykorzystanie regeneratu z technologii cold-box do wykonywania mas rdzeniowych
Łucarz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2013
|
Vol. 13, iss. 3 spec.
107--112
PL
W publikacji przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu różnych sposobów regeneracji zużytych mas rdzeniowych na możliwość wykorzystania otrzymanego regeneratu do sporządzania rdzeni w technologii cold-box. Regenerację wykonano w dwóch urządzeniach: regeneratorze mechanicznym REGMAS i doświadczalnym regeneratorze termicznym. W wyniku zrealizowanych badań określono obszar działań, które można podjąć w celu wykorzystania regeneratu do produkcji rdzeni w technologii cold-box. Na bazie pozyskanego regeneratu po obróbce mechanicznej i dodatkowej obróbce termicznej wykonywano rdzenie do badania wytrzymałości na zginanie. Oceniano także wpływ dodatku świeżego piasku do regeneratu, w różnych proporcjach, na jakość otrzymywanych rdzeni pod względem wytrzymałości. Stwierdzono, na podstawie strat prażenia oraz odczynu pH, dużo większą skuteczność regeneracji kombinowanej (mechaniczno-termicznej) w stosunku do zastosowanej tylko regeneracji mechanicznej na oczyszczenie osnowy ziarnowej ze spoiwa. Wykazano także korzystny wpływ dodatku świeżego piasku do regeneratu na parametry wytrzymałościowe masy rdzeniowej wykonanej w technologii cold-box.
EN
The investigation results of influences of various reclamation methods of spent moulding sands on the possibility of applying the obtained reclaimed material for preparation of cores in the cold-box technology, are presented in the hereby paper. Reclamations were carried out in two devices: the mechanical reclaimer REGMAS and experimental thermal reclaimer. As the result of the performed investigations the range of operations, which can be undertaken in order to utilise the reclaimed material for cores production in the cold-box technology, was determined. On the bases of the obtained reclaim, after its mechanical treatment and an additional heat treatment, cores for bending strength tests were made. The influence of fresh sands additions to the reclaim - in various proportions - on the strength quality of the obtained cores, was also estimated. It was found, on the bases of ignition losses and pH values, that the effectiveness of the combined reclamation methods (mechanical- thermal) was much higher than the mechanical cleaning of matrix grains from binding materials. A beneficial influence of fresh sand additions on the strength parameters of the core sands made in the cold-box technology was also shown.
18
Content available The Stand Adopted For Process Investigations Thermal Reclamation
Łucarz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2013
|
Vol. 13, iss. 1 spec.
103--106
EN
The paper presents the analysis of construction solutions of some thermal reclamation equipment applied in used sand reclamation treatment as well as the experimental appliance constructed according to the author`s own idea. The experimental apparatus enables the sand grains to be regained when the machine works in either the horizontal or the vertical position. Different construction versions of the apparatus were prepared to provide a variety of working conditions for thermal reclamation treatment in order to obtain the reclaimed sand in the most efficient way. The possibility of choosing from among various set points of the appliance, such as the temperature of reclamation process, the time of thermal treatment cycle, the method of fluidization (cold or hot air) and other individual parameters characteristic of particular construction versions create the conditions for comparative research.
19
Content available Ekologiczne stanowisko do regeneracji termicznej zużytych mas formierskich
Łucarz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2012
|
Vol. 12, iss. 1s
125--130
PL
W publikacji przedstawiono podstawowe założenia właściwego realizowania procesu regeneracji termicznej zużytych mas formierskich i rdzeniowych, w aspekcie ochrony środowiska. Stosując zasady podobieństwa do procesu spalania odpadów zwrócono uwagę na istotne kryteria, które muszą być spełnione przy tworzeniu ekologicznych instalacji do regeneracji termicznej. W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z neutralizacją szkodliwych substancji. Omówiono przykładowe techniczne rozwiązania urządzeń służących do spalania odpadów i dopalania gazów odlotowych. Zwrócono uwagę na niezbędne zadania, które muszą być realizowane podczas zabiegu utylizacji odpadów, również istotne dla procesu regeneracji termicznej zużytych mas formierskich i rdzeniowych, w tym: właściwy zakres temperatur spalania w głównej komorze, na odpowiedni czas i temperaturę dopalania spalin w termoreaktorze, właściwe schładzanie spalin oraz dodatkowe ich oczyszczanie w kolumnach filtracyjnych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy parametryczno-konstrukcyjnej zaproponowano własną koncepcję stanowiska do regeneracji termicznej. Przedstawiono podstawowe założenia konstrukcyjne poszczególnych elementów instalacji i zadania przez nie realizowane. Tworzone stanowisko zostanie zastosowane do badań regeneracji termicznej różnych zużytych mas formierskich i rdzeniowych, w celu określenia optymalnych warunków realizacji procesu odzyskiwania osnowy kwarcowej.
EN
The paper presents some basic assumptions of thermal reclamation of moulding and core sands carried out in an appropriate, environmentally friendly way. It is important for the system, which is very similar to waste combustion, to meet the environmental requirements in order to avoid the harmful impact on the environment. Thus, the paper raises the important issue of the neutralization of hazardous substances produced during the process by providing examples of some technical devices used for waste combustion and the burning out of exhaust fumes gases. It also focuses on other aspects of the process of waste utilization which are crucial for thermal reclamation of used moulding and core sands, such as an appropriate range of combustion temperatures in the main chamber, the amount of time and temperature needed for the burning out of the fumes in the thermoreactor, appropriate cooling of the fumes and their additional purifying in the filter module. The author suggests his own idea of a station for thermal reclamation created on the basis of the analysis that was carried out. The paper gives basic construction assumptions of particular components of the system and the tasks that they carry out. The station will be used for carrying out the research on thermal reclamation of various moulding and core sands in order to obtain optimal conditions for the process of the reclamation of sand grains.
20
Content available remote Badanie regeneracji termicznej zużytej masy z technologii hot-box
Łucarz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2010
|
Vol. 10, iss. 2 spec.
99--102
PL
W publikacji podjęto próbę określenia liczby cykli regeneracji termicznej, którym może być poddana osnowa ziarnowa wiązana różnymi spoiwami bez znaczącego spadku właściwości wytrzymałościowych. Badania zrealizowano na trzech żywicach stosowanych w technologii hot-box. Wytworzone rdzenie poddawano badaniom wytrzymałościowym, a powstały złom materiałowy kruszono i regenerowano termicznie. Na bazie otrzymanego regeneratu sporządzano nową masę rdzeniową i wykonano rdzenie do badań wytrzymałościowych. Proces powtórzono 9 krotnie. Po każdym cyklu regeneracji termicznej analizowano również odczyn pH osnowy kwarcowej. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono chemiczny wpływ spoiwa na osnowę ziarnową, który nie daje się w pełni wyeliminować stosując tylko regenerację termiczną. Wprowadzenie uzupełniającego zabiegu regeneracji mechanicznej po obróbce cieplnej może usunąć gromadzące się zanieczyszczenia (w nierównościach regeneratu), które istotnie wpływają na odczyn chemiczny odzyskiwanego materiału.
EN
The aim of the paper was to determine the number of cycles of thermal reclamation to which a silica sand grain bonded by different binders can be subjected with no significant deterioration in strength. The research was carried out on three resins used in hot-box technology. The cores created in this way were subjected to strength tests and the resulting scrap was crushed and reclaimed thermally. The new core sand and cores needed for strength tests were made on the basis of the reclaimed material. The process was repeated nine times. The pH reaction of quartz matrix was analysed after each cycle of thermal reclamation. It was observed that there is an impact of the binder on a silica sand grain. It was concluded that it cannot be fully eliminated by merely using thermal reclamation. The application of additional mechanical reclamation after heat processing can lead to removing the impurities which gather in the irregularities of the reclaimed material and have a significant influence on its chemical reaction.
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