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Substrates with different magnetic properties versus iron-nickel film electrodeposition

Białostocka Anna M., Klekotka Marcin, Klekotka Urszula, Żabiński Piotr R., Kalska-Szostko Beata

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology

2023

R. 28, NR 1-2

157--170

The hereby work presents the iron-nickel alloys electroplated on the different metallic substrates (aluminium, silver, brass) using galvanostatic deposition, with and without presence of the external magnetic field (EMF). The films were obtained in the same electrochemical bath composition - mixture of iron and nickel sulphates (without presence of additives) in the molar ratio of 2 : 1 (Ni : Fe), the electric current density (50.0 mA/cm2), and the time (3600 s). The mutual alignment of the electric (E) and magnetic field (B) was changeable - parallel and perpendicular. The source of EMF was a set of two permanent magnets (magnetic field strength ranged from 80 mT to 400 mT). It was analysed the surface microstructure, composition, morphology, thickness and the mechanical properties (roughness, work of adhesion). The surface morphology and the thickness of films were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). The elemental composition of all FeNi films was measured using Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (WDXRF). The crystalographic analysis of the deposits was carried out by X-Ray Diffraction. Depending on the used substrate, modified external magnetic field orientation influenced the tribological and physio-chemical properties of the deposited layers. The diamagnetic substrates and EMF application reduced the FeNi thickness and the average crystallites size, in contrast to the paramagnetic substrate. Parallel EMF increased the value of the tribological parameters for CuZn and Ag but decreased for Al. The content of FeNi structure was rising in the case of diamagnetic substrate and the dependence was opposite on the paramagnetic substrate.

Problems during rolling of FeNi type alloys

Nemecek S., Muzik T., Podany P., Tucek J., Machacek J., Kahovec C.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

2008

Vol. 75, nr 8

500-502

The paper deals with problems of manufacturing of flat products for electrical engineering components from iron-nickel based alloys. Elimination of surface defects and minimization of side edge cracking during forming is the goal solved in the Eureka project. Grain boundary segregations and recrystallization in FeNi alloys (47-^50 % Ni) are factors causing bad yielding ability during rolling operations. Therefore main attention is dedicated to casting conditions (segregations and primary structure appearance) and rolling (dynamic recrystallization) in particular. Cast and wrought microstructural states are studied both in failed and in faultless sheets. Cracks and grain boundaries are studied by electron microscopy, fractography and chemical microanalysis.

Praca koncentruje się na wytwarzaniu płaskich wyrobów przeznaczonych do zastosowań na elementy w elektrotechnice, wykonanych ze stopów żelazo-nikiel. Eliminacja defektów powierzchniowych i pękania podczas kształtowania była celem do rozwiązania w projekcie Eureka. Segregacja granic ziarn i rekrystalizacja w stopie FeNi (47+50 % Ni) są przyczyną uzyskiwania niewłaściwej granicy plastyczności podczas operacji walcowania. Dlatego w szczególności główną uwagę kieruje się na warunki odlewania (segregacja i struktura pierwotna) i walcowania (dynamiczna rekrystalizacja). Mikrostruktura po odlewaniu i w stanie po przeróbce plastycznej była badana na uszkodzonych i bezusterkowych arkuszach. Strukturę i proces pękania badano na mikroskopie elektronowym, metodami fraktografii i mikroanalizy chemicznej.