Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The impact of the intermodal terminal operation strategy on container train loading duration

Kłodawski Michał, Nehring Karol, Jachimowski Roland, Lipińska Justyna

Transport Problems

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2024

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T. 19, z. 2

163--176

EN

The aim of the article was to study the impact of various real-life factors determining the container train loading process duration. Various strategies of the crane operation were considered. Among the factors influencing the train loading duration, railcar hitching pin configuration, container weight, railcar capacity, and arrangement of containers in the storage yard were considered. The FlexSim simulation model of the container terminal was developed, covering the storage yard and the railway track. The analysis shows that the number of containers collected directly from the storage yard has the greatest impact on the train loading duration.

2

Modelling of e-commerce packing line in the warehouse – case study

Kmiecik Mariusz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2023

|

z. 173

329--344

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to create a simulation model of a packing line in an e-commerce activity from the perspective of a logistics operator, along with identifying recommendations for further model improvement as part of digital transformation. Design/methodology/approach: This paper uses results obtained by simulation analysis of a computer model of a process built in BPMN 2.0 notation. Data for the model was collected from process analysis, analysis of data obtained from WMS and sensors on the packaging line and from participant observation in the process. Findings: Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the logistics operator is able to create a simulation model of the process and optimise its operations using the simulation results. The model presented can also be the basis for building a Digital Twin in the distribution network for e-commerce flows. Practical implications: The logistics operator can extend its package of services to include the construction of simulation models and, in future, can also take on the task of creating value for the network on the basis of the Digital Twin created. Originality/value: The paper presents a real-life case study related to the first phase of Digital Twin implementation, namely the creation of a simulation model to create value in the flows and improve the logistics processes involved in serving the e-commerce market.

3

Diagnostics of electric drive electric vehicle with valve motor

Borodenko Yuriy, Arhun Shchasiana, Hnatov Andrii, Kunicina Nadezhda, Bisenieks Martins, Migal Vasiliy, Hnatova Hanna

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2023

|

R. 99, nr 6

32--38

EN

The reliability, safety and economy of the electric vehicle depend on the operation of the electric drive. Diagnosing malfunctions at startup avoid an accident by turning off the system power. Idle testing prevents an accident that may occur while driving. Monitoring the technical states of the electric power supply during the transport process provides an emergency operation mode by redistributing power between its elements. This model presents the results of testing the method of spectral analysis of electrical processes occurring in the power circuit of the electric power supply simulation model. The information content of spectrograms, as a characteristic of the diagnostic parameter, is determined by the options for setting up the FFT analyzer. These options are configured to a maximum frequency switching converter. And other is the sampling period of the spectral characteristic, and the fundamental frequency is selected as multiples of the rotation speed of the electric motor and the switching frequency of the inverter, taking into account the number of phases of the machine. This paper deals with faulty states of electric drive. It is associated with the failure of a functional element, the circuit (breakage or closure) or the deviation of the element parameters from the nominal values. In the first case, the structural identification problem, the system's state, is considered the second - parametric.

PL

Od działania napędu elektrycznego zależy niezawodność, bezpieczeństwo i ekonomia pojazdu elektrycznego. Diagnozowanie usterek podczas uruchamiania pozwala uniknąć wypadku, wyłączając zasilanie systemu. Testy na biegu jałowym zapobiegają wypadkom, które mogą wystąpić podczas jazdy. Monitorowanie stanów technicznych zasilania elektrycznego podczas procesu transportu zapewnia awaryjny tryb pracy poprzez redystrybucję mocy pomiędzy jej elementy. Model ten przedstawia wyniki badań metody analizy spektralnej procesów elektrycznych zachodzących w obwodzie mocy modelu symulacyjnego zasilania elektrycznego. Zawartość informacyjna spektrogramów, jako cecha parametru diagnostycznego, jest określona przez opcje konfiguracji analizatora FFT. Opcje te są skonfigurowane do maksymalnej przetwornicy częstotliwości przełączania. Drugim jest okres próbkowania charakterystyki spektralnej, a częstotliwość podstawowa jest wybierana jako wielokrotność prędkości obrotowej silnika elektrycznego i częstotliwości przełączania falownika z uwzględnieniem liczby faz maszyny. Artykuł dotyczy stanów wadliwych napędu elektrycznego. Jest to związane z uszkodzeniem elementu funkcjonalnego, obwodu (przerwanie lub zamknięcie) lub odchyleniem parametrów elementu od wartości nominalnych. W pierwszym przypadku problem identyfikacji strukturalnej, stan systemu, jest uważany za drugi - parametryczny.

4

Analysis of the country’s energy efficiency using ODEX indicators

Sowiński Janusz

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 6

154--157

EN

One of the priority tasks in the country's energy economy is the improvement of energy efficiency. Sectoral energy consumption indicators enable the monitoring of the country's energy economy. The analysis of sectoral ODEX indicators is essential for predicting energy savings. The courses of the ODEX indicators and energy efficiency indicators were modeled with stochastic differential equations. Solving the equations using the Euler method enables the simulation of curves in the medium-term horizon. The results of simulation were presented.

PL

Jednym z priorytetowych zadań w gospodarce energetycznej kraju jest poprawa efektywności energetycznej. Sektorowe wskaźniki zużycia energii umożliwiają monitorowanie gospodarki energetycznej kraju. Analiza sektorowych wskaźników ODEX jest niezbędna do prognozowania oszczędności energii. Przebiegi wskaźników ODEX i wskaźników sektorowych efektywności modelowano stochastycznymi równaniami różniczkowymi. Rozwiązanie równań metodą Eulera umożliwia symulację krzywych w horyzoncie średniookresowym. Przedstawiono wyniki symulacji.

5

Use of the digital twin concept to optimize the production process of engine blocks manufacturing

Sujová Erika, Bambura Roman, Vysloužilová Daniela, Koleda Peter

Production Engineering Archives

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2023

|

Vol. 29, Iss. 2

168--174

EN

The aim of the paper is to present the concept of a digital twin (DT) as part of the Industry 4.0 strategy. In the form of a case study, a digital twin of a production line for the processing of engine blocks is presented, which will serve as a starting point for further research in the field of digitization of production processes. The research part describes the simulation model of the production line with the representation of the material flow as a basis for the creation of a digital twin. The simulation model was used to optimize the production processes of the engine block and to verify the increase in its productivity. A case study implemented through a digital twin enables testing and analysis of changes before they are introduced into real production.

6

Modeling of Waste Vegetable Oil Biodiesel for Tractor Engine Utilization

Al-Aseebee Munaf D. F., Ketata Ahmed, Gomaa Ahmed E., Moussa Olfa, Driss Zied, Abid Mohamed Salah, Naje Ahmed Samir, Emaish Haitham H.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

|

Vol. 24, nr 12

293--303

EN

Biodiesel is regarded as a clean fuel alternative to fossil diesel fuel for fewer pollutant emissions of internal combustion engines. The biodiesel type can be made from waste frying oil, thus it has to be done right. Waste vegetable oil can be provided for free or at a low cost by restaurants and food processors that often use frying oils. Animal fat is also available for free or for a nominal fee from grocery stores, restaurants, and butchers who use lots of fats in their cooking. The methyl ester of oleic acid methyl ester (OAME) biodiesel was produced from used vegetable oil using the transesterification process in order to compare the performance of the 67 kW KUBOTA tractor diesel engine when utilizing OAME and fossil diesel. OAME biofuel was used without being mixed. The engine’s reliability metrics and important indicators, including the brake torque, indicated power, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and burn duration, were identified. Optimal implementation was met by fossil diesel and the tested characteristics were very close. The OAME biofuel performs better in terms of volumetric efficiency and duration of combustion than the conventional diesel. The decision to choose a specific biofuel that is produced from a particular source so largely hinges on its availability and economic feasibility wherever it is used.

7

Krajowy model ciężarowego transportu drogowego na podstawie wyników badań TD-E

Naumov Vitalii, Szarata Andrzej, Vasiutina Hanna

Transport Miejski i Regionalny

|

2022

|

nr 5

3--9

PL

Modele symulacyjne systemów transportowych są kluczowym narzędziem do rozwiązywania wielu zagadnień z zakresu zarządzania tymi systemami. Metodologie tworzenia tych modeli wykorzystują zestawy danych zarówno o infrastrukturze transportowej, jak i o popycie na dostawę towarów lub przewozy pasażerów, jednak w tym zakresie wiele czynników uwzględniano na podstawie przypuszczeń z powodu złożoności modelowanych obiektów. W niniejszym artykule opisano podejście do modelowania systemu przewozów towarowych transportem drogowym w skali całej Polski, w oparciu o dane uzyskiwane przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny na podstawie badania TD-E. Takie podejście pozwala uniknąć wielu przypuszczeń dotyczących popytu na przewozy towarowe, ponieważ parametry tego popytu są oszacowywane w oparciu o próbkę reprezentującą populację generalną – zbiór wszystkich podmiotów gospodarczych kraju generujących ruch towarowy. Podstawowe procedury w opracowanym podejściu do modelowania systemu transportu towarowego zaimplementowano w postaci skryptów w języku Python. W wyniku wykorzystania proponowanej metodologii uzyskano model ciężarowego transportu drogowego w skali całego kraju na podstawie danych badania TD-E z roku 2018. Ocenę adekwatności opracowanego modelu przeprowadzono w oparciu o wyniki Generalnego Pomiaru Ruchu z roku 2015 na podstawie współczynnika determinacji jako miary jakości. Uzyskany model charakteryzuje się zadowalającą jakością (wartość współczynnika determinacji wyniosła 0.62), która może być poprawiona po kalibracji funkcji oporu przestrzeni oraz udoskonalenia procedury rozkładu ruchu na sieć drogową.

EN

Simulation models of transport systems are a key tool for addressing many issues in the field of management of these systems. The methodologies for creating such models use data sets on both transport infrastructure and demand for the freights or passenger transport, however, many factors are considered based on assumptions due to the complexity. This article describes the approach to modeling the cargo transportation system for road transport in Poland based on data obtained by the Central Statistical Office from the TD-E survey. This approach avoids many assumptions about the demand as the demand parameters are estimated based on a sample representing the general population – a set of all economic entities generating freight traffic. Basic procedures in the developed approach have been implemented as Python scripts. As a result of the use of the proposed methodology, a country-wide road transport model was obtained based on the TD-E survey from 2018. The adequacy of the developed model was assessed based on the results of the General Traffic Survey from 2015. The obtained model is of satisfactory quality (the coefficient of determination equals 0.62), which can be improved after calibrating the space resistance functions and improving the traffic distribution procedure.

8

Development of a Model of Current Distribution in the Overhead Contact Lines for an Innovative de-Icing System

Skrzyniarz Marek, Kruczek Włodzimierz, Mike Kamil, Stypułkowski Piotr

Problemy Kolejnictwa

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2022

|

Z. 195

135--139

EN

Icing on the overhead contact line exclude the possibility of efficient current collection from the overhead contact line. The effects oficing can result in losses for carriers due to delay or cancellation of trains and also cases of damage to the traction infrastructure and pantographs. Th e existing methods of de-icing the traction network (mechanical, chemical and electrical) are currently ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new electrical method that takes into account the detailed current flow in the overhead contact line. This article presents a model for calculating the current flow in the overhead contact line and the resistances of droppers, suspension elements, and distance holders measured on the basis of actual measurements.

9

A Quick-and-Dirty Method for assessing the Risk of Negative Aeration Effects of Shock Absorbers equipped with Shim Sliding Base Valves

Czop Piotr, Gniłka Jacek

Computer Assisted Methods in Engineering and Science

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2022

|

Vol. 29, no. 3

229--260

EN

This paper presents a quick-and-dirty method to assess the risk of negative aeration effects occurring in twin-tube hydraulic shock absorbers used in passenger cars at the early design stage. The method is intended to be implemented as an engineering calculation tool based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) steady-state single-phase model. The CFD model was previously validated with the use of the particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiment. The negative aeration effect is a wellknown issue for automotive and railway shock absorbers manufacturers. It results in uncontrolled on-vehicle vibrations and the deteriorated shock absorber damping characteristic. The major aeration contributor in twin-tube hydraulic shock absorbers is the sliding shim intake valve, which requires design optimization to avoid a negative aeration effect. The method validation was conducted with the customized test rig equipped with a transparent cylinder where the specific sliding intake valve was assembled. The proposed method also requires a lumped-parameter model of a twin-tube shock absorber, which allows to simulate boundary conditions in assessing particular reservoirs of a shock absorber, i.e., pressures and flow balance. The method is implemented as a calculation routine that converts CFD pressure regions into a gas concentration indicator (GCI) using the pressure-density characteristic of an oil-gas emulsion of a shock absorber. GCI is calculated based on the sum of particular 2D/3D grid elements. The method application is to minimize the risk of occurrence of negative aeration effects by avoiding expensive and time-consuming experimental tests. This method can also be used for in-production shock absorbers projects as a part of a continuous improvement cycle or in the case of inefficient shock absorbers claimed by a vehicle manufacturer. The application scope of the method can be extended for arbitrary twin-tube designs of shock absorbers in the automotive and railway industries.

10

Model of operational planning of freight transportation by tram as part of a green logistics system

Shramenko Natalya, Merkisz-Guranowska Agnieszka, Kiciński Marcin, Shramenko Vladyslav

Archives of Transport

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2022

|

Vol. 63, iss. 3

113--122

EN

The introduction of environmentally friendly technologies is becoming increasingly necessary to combat global warming and air pollution in cities. The concept of ecologistics is seen as an effective approach to the management of materials and related flows in order to reduce environmental and economic damage to the environment. The sustainable development of green supply chains is based on the use of environmentally friendly types of vehicles, reduction of energy and other resources consumption, optimization of transport and technological processes in delivery systems. As part of the development of green supply chain, it is proposed to transport goods by freight trams, which eliminates the need for heavy trucks in the city, improves traffic conditions and reduces the environmental impact of transport. The research was conducted for the city of Poznan. The distribution system of the city of Poznan operates in conditions of stochastic demand for deliveries from clients and the risk of lack of sufficient supplies in distribution centers. To take into account the specificity of the distribution system of cargo delivery in conditions of uncertainty and risk, a simulation model of the organization of the material flows within the transport system of the city of Poznan has been proposed. The result of simulation is the optimal assignment of clients to the distribution centers, as well as the value of total mileage with the load, which is a random variable. It is assumed that the random variable is distributed according to the normal distribution law. The results were calculated and compared for two variants, i.e. for constant demand and sufficient quantity of cargo in distribution centers, and for variable demand and uncertainty conditions, e.g. insufficient cargo quantity in distribution centers. The purpose of the paper is to develop a simulation model for planning supplies of small consignments of goods by trams implementing green logistics concept with variable demand for transportation. After a short introduction of the problem, the literature review related to the concept of green logistics and requirements of transport and distribution system are presented in section 2. In section 3, the research problem and research methodology are described. Section 4 provides the results of assignment of clients to distribution centers. The paper ends with concluding remarks.

11

Simulation and Optimization of Saw Blade Production in Plant Simulation

Malega Peter, Daneshjo Naqib, Rudy Vladimír, Rehák Róbert

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2022

|

Vol. 16, no 3

67--77

EN

This paper is oriented on very important topics, which nowadays simulation and optimization surely are. First part of this paper is oriented on simulation software Plant Simulation, because this software is one of the best software on the market. Second section deals in detail with the procedure of saw blades production. Third section presents creation of simulation model for selected production process, which is production of saw blades. Final fourth section is about proposals for improvement of saw blade production.

12

Modelling and simulation of functioning of the GSh-23 aviation autocannon mechanisms

Jasztal Michał, Kunikowski Mateusz

Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

|

2021

|

nr 24(1)

211--220

EN

Article presents the simulation model and the study of the basic mechanisms of the GSh-23 aviation autocannon. The research made use of Solid Edge ST9 software and the multibody systems method implemented in it. Simulation of functioning cannon mechanisms was carried out for two variants of forcing a piston mechanism movement by the gunpowder gases. The results obtained are time courses of a bolt and a cartridge belt drive mechanism elements movement. Assumed variants of a piston mechanism movement and elaborated simulation model will be verified in the next (planned) stage of studies basing on the results of the measurements of the experimental kinematic parameters utilising high-speed camera (Phantom) and TEMA software.

13

Elektryczna lokomotywa akumulatorowa „Electra” ze zmiennym rozstawem kół

Lasek Paweł, Setlak Rafał, Zieleźny Wojciech, Kupczak Szymon

Napędy i Sterowanie

|

2021

|

R. 23, nr 12

68--72

EN

The following paper presents a simulation model of a electric battery locomotive dedicated for mining. The mathematical models of a rail vehicle has been shown, with a analytical models describing an electric motor drive train, including battery system, traction and rolling losses. A set of key data for design and validation has been obtained in a simple drive cycle.

14

Experimental and numerical analysis of 3D printed cement mortar specimens using inkjet 3DP

Shakor Pshtiwan, Gowripalan Nadarajah, Rasouli Habib

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 21, no. 2

287--302

EN

Investigations involving the experimental and numerical analysis of inkjet (powder-based) 3DP are relatively limited for cement mortar materials. This study, by using cement mortar specimens, aimed to determine the optimum strength of 3D printed structural members in all three planes by identifying the compressive strength of cubes, the modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio. In addition, this study aimed to analyse and verify the numerical model for 3D printed cementitious mortar (CP) prisms and beams using an inkjet 3D printer by considering the mechanical behaviour of the printed prisms under compression. Robust and optimal mechanical properties of the 3D printed cementitious mortar obtained from laboratory testing were utilised in the simulation of structural components using ABAQUS software. As inputs for simulation, the strength properties of the printed objects in all three cartesian planes were obtained from test results. The obtained results showed that the printed cementitious materials have orthotropic properties and that the results of experiments were consistent with the analytical solutions and hypothesised model for the different geometric shapes. This finding is extremely valuable in determining the optimum features of 3D printed structures.

15

Application of a fuzzy controller in the process of automated polyethylene film thickness control

Jardzioch Andrzej, Marczak Wioletta

Applied Computer Science

|

2021

|

Vol. 17, no 3

31--46

EN

The present article aims to describe the design of a fuzzy controller used for automated control of the thickness of the extruded polyethylene film effected by the adjustment of the actuator in the cooling ring. In order to determine whether the designed controller operates properly, a model extruder was created and a simulation study was carried out. The Simulink programming environment integrated with Matlab was used for the development of the fuzzy controller and the simulation. The conducted simulation study demonstrated that the implementation of the designed controller would enable the adjustment of thickness on the perimeter of the film tube and quick reaction to possible departure in the assumed film thickness in mass production.

16

Tilt test of a pallet load unit – simulation studies

Matyja Tomasz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2020

|

z. 107

107--117

EN

This paper presents a dynamic model of a palletised load unit during a static tilt test. The stability (also called rigidity) of a load unit was evaluated. The palletised load unit was built of packages forming layers and protected against disintegration by stretch film. The aim of this study was to compare the results of a static tilt test with a commonly used and recommended dynamic acceleration test.

17

Optimization of the duration of emergency vehicle movement to the place of fire

Pasnak Ivan, Renkas Artur

Transport Problems

|

2020

|

T. 15, z. 4, cz. 1

117--124

EN

The article is devoted to the issue of the negative effect of delays in the movement of special rescue vehicles on the effectiveness of their mission. The dependence of the area of fire on the delay of the arrival of firefighters using a fire-rescue vehicle is shown. The cascading graph of route options of special vehicle movement to the place of an emergency call is given. The algorithm of the optimal route choice of the special vehicle motion with given projected delays is offered. Based on the graph theory, probability theory, and the basic principles of traffic organization, the article proposes a new way to determine the optimal route.

18

Traffic simulation at unsignalized intersection in case of congestion on major street caused by an adjacent traffic sign

Gasz Krzysztof

Roads and Bridges - Drogi i Mosty

|

2020

|

Vol. 19, no. 3

211--224

EN

Unsignalized intersections belong to the most common ways of traffic management at intersections. The capacity of the minor entries depends on many factors. One of them is the traffic flow pattern on the major street. In the case of slow-moving queue of vehicles on the main street caused by a downstream traffic signal, the capacity of movements on the minor street joining the queue of vehicles on the main street is significantly reduced. The surveys of traffic parameters were performed in three Polish cities: Wroclaw, Opole, and Krakow. On the basis of these studies, a simulation model representing the traffic conditions at such an intersection was developed. The influence of pedestrian traffic and the number of storage spaces in the median on the possibility of vehicles from the minor entries joining the queue of vehicles on the main street was examined.

PL

Skrzyżowania bez sygnalizacji są jednym z najczęściej występujących sposobów organizacji ruchu na skrzyżowaniach. Przepustowość wlotów podporządkowanych uzależniona jest od wielu czynników. Jednym z nich jest sposób poruszania się pojazdów na jezdni głównej. W przypadku obecności poruszającej się powoli kolejki pojazdów spowodowanej przez oddziaływanie skrzyżowania z sygnalizacją, przepustowość relacji włączających się do kolejki z wlotów podporządkowanych jest znacznie ograniczona. Pomiary parametrów ruchu przeprowadzono w trzech miastach: Wrocławiu, Opolu i Krakowie. Na podstawie badań opracowano model symulacyjny odzwierciedlający warunki ruchu na skrzyżowaniu takiego typu. Przeanalizowano wpływ ruchu pieszego oraz pojemności powierzchni akumulacji w pasie rozdziału ulicy głównej na przepustowość pojazdów z wlotów podporządkowanych dołączających się do kolejki na jezdni głównej

19

Identyfikacja rozwoju uszkodzeń rdzenia taśm przenośnikowych typu St w przestrzeni i czasie. Część 2 - rozkład uszkodzeń w poprzek taśmy

Kirjanów-Błażej Agata, Jurdziak Leszek, Błażej Ryszard, Kozłowski Tomasz

Transport Przemysłowy i Maszyny Robocze

|

2019

|

Nr 2

5--13

PL

Drugi artykuł z cyklu poświęconego identyfikacji rozwoju uszkodzeń rdzenia taśm przenośnikowych z linkami stalowymi przy użyciu systemu magnetycznego DiagBelt omawia wyniki badań i analiz rozkładu uszkodzeń rdzenia na przekroju taśmy uzyskane w trakcie trzech kolejnych badań stanu pętli taśm w 2016 roku. Dzięki zmianie sposobu wizualizacji uszkodzeń taśmy z jednowymiarowego sygnału na obraz dwuwymiarowy możliwa stała się rejestracja zmian liczby i wielkości uszkodzeń w czasie. W pierwszym artykule analizowano rozkład uszkodzeń wzdłuż osi taśmy. Obecnie na podstawie trzech kolejnych pomiarów stanu rdzenia czterech odcinków taśm zrealizowanych w marcu, wrześniu i grudniu 2016 przedstawiono histogramy częstości uszkodzeń na przekroju taśmy. Wyznaczono też gęstość liczby uszkodzeń przypadających na 100-metrowy odcinek taśmy dla każdego toru pomiarowego (od 1 do 49), na który przypadało ok. 2,5 cm szerokości taśmy. Wykazano, że uszkodzenia skumulowane są na ok. 40% szerokości taśmy, co przyczynia się do nierównomiernego zużywania się taśmy. W części centralnej gęstość uszkodzeń jest kilkukrotnie wyższa, podobnie jak większe jest tempo ich przyrostów w czasie. Zastosowanie tekstylnego brekera wydłużyło okres użytkowania taśmy do ponad 84 miesięcy. Modyfikacje konstrukcji brekera zwiększające ochronę części centralnej mogłoby dodatkowo zwiększyć trwałość taśm. Dobrano rozkłady normalne opisujące gęstość uszkodzeń na przekroju oraz wyznaczono mnożniki i stałe translacji dopasowujące liczbę uszkodzeń do zarejestrowanych w praktyce. Wykazano, że tempo wzrostu mnożnika rośnie z kwadratem czasu pracy taśmy, a parametry rozkładu normalnego nie ulegają większym zmianom. Podkreślono, że modele symulacyjne korzystające z techniki DEM mogą być weryfikowane poprzez ocenę stanu rdzenia systemem DiagBelt. Wskazano na konieczność dodatkowego pomiaru objętości wytartej taśmy, co wydatnie uzupełniłoby ocenę stanu zużycia taśmy. Jest to istotne z punku widzenia prowadzenia regeneracji taśm. Pokazano, że podobną problematyką zajmują się również inni autorzy.

EN

In the previous issue, the first article from the cycle devoted to the identification of the development of core damages of steel conveyor belts using the DiagBelt magnetic system was published. The change of the method of visualization of the belt failures from one-dimensional signal to a two-dimensional image made it possible to interpret the belt condition quickly and to track the development of the number and size of defects over time. The subject of the first article was the distribution of damages along the axis of the belt. Currently, based on 3 subsequent measurements of the core condition of the four belt sections carried out in March, September and December 2016, the frequency of damage histograms on the cross-section of the belt was presented. Also, the density of the number of failures per 100-meter belt section for each measuring head (from 1 to 49) was estimated, which covers 2.5 cm of belt width. The damage covers approximately 40% of the belt width, which contributes to uneven wear of the belt. In the central part, the density of damage is several times higher, as well as the rate of their growth over time. The use of textile breaker has extended the life of the tape to over 84 months. Modifications of the breaker design increasing the protection of the central part could further increase the durability of the belts. Normal distributions describing the distribution of failures on the cross-section were selected, and multipliers and constant translations correcting the number of failures were selected. The growth rate of the multiplier follows the square of the passing time, and the normal distribution parameters do not change much. It was stipulated that simulation models using DEM technique can be verified by evaluating the core state with the DiagBelt system. It was pointed out the necessity of additional measurement of the volume of the worn belt, which would significantly supplement the assessment of belt wear. It is crucial from the point of view of belt recondition. Other authors also deal with similar issues.

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Identyfikacja rozwoju uszkodzeń rdzenia taśm przenośnikowych St w przestrzeni i czasie. Część 4 - połączenia taśm przenośnikowych

Kozłowski Tomasz, Błażej Ryszard, Jurdziak Leszek, Kirjanów-Błażej Agata

Transport Przemysłowy i Maszyny Robocze

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2019

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Nr 4

14--17

PL

Trzy pierwsze artykuły z cyklu poświęconego identyfikacji rozwoju uszkodzeń rdzenia taśm przenośnikowych typu St w przestrzeni i czasie [1] dotyczą rozkładu uszkodzeń rdzenia taśmy wzdłuż osi [2] i przekroju [3] oraz ocenie tempa przyrostu uszkodzeń w czasie [4]. Wszystkie zacytowane do tej pory prace [1-4] odnosiły się do odcinków taśm. Tym razem autorzy uwagę poświęcili połączeniom odcinków taśm w pętli. Dotychczasowe prace naukowe, poruszające tematykę badań magnetycznych taśm przenośnikowych [5-18], w głównej mierze poświęcono wykrywaniu uszkodzeń i przeprowadzaniu oceny stanu technicznego odcinków taśm. Wielkość i ilość uszkodzeń odcinków ocenia się po wartościach generowanych amplitud, ich zasięgu oraz ilości zmian sygnalizujących uszkodzenia. Wykrycie ich jest stosunkowo proste, gdyż brak zmian w przebiegu sygnału informuje o niewystępujących zmianach w rdzeniu. Pominięcie tematyki połączeń wynika z małego udziału długości połączeń w stosunku do całkowitej długości taśmy i dlatego może być traktowane jako mniej istotne. Wpływ na to ma też większa trudność w automatyzacji analizy sygnałów. Zmiany pola magnetycznego, spowodowane obecnością połączeń, są podobne do sygnałów generowanych przez przeciętą linkę. Nie mogą być jednak traktowane jako uszkodzenie, gdyż regularność zmian wskazuje na celowe działanie, istotne jest rozpoznanie charakteru przebiegu tych sygnałów, które wspomogą przeprowadzenie oceny stanu technicznego połączeń. W rozprawie doktorskiej dr. inż. Tomasza Kozłowskiego [19] opisano metody wyznaczania parametrów, które charakteryzują połączenia taśm przenośnikowych na podstawie analogowych sygnałów magnetycznych. Dane pochodziły z systemu HRDS (High Resolution Diagnostic System), wdrożonego w 2013 r. w Kopalni Węgla Brunatnego Turów. W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano sygnały cyfrowe z połączeń, zarejestrowane systemem Diagbelt.

EN

The first three articles from the cycle dedicated to identifying the development of St-type conveyor belt core damage in space and time [1] were devoted to the distribution of belt core damage along the axis [2], cross-section [3] and the assessment of the rate of damage growth over time [4]. All the articles cited so far [1-4] concerned belt sections. In this article, the authors devoted attention to the splices in the belt loop. The current scientific works on the subject of magnetic conveyor belt research [5-18] have been mainly devoted to the detection of damages and assessment of the technical condition of belt sections. The amount and quantity of segment damage are assessed by the values of generated amplitudes, their range and the number of changes signaling damage. Detection of them is relatively simple because of the lack of changes In the signal waveform indicates that there are no changes in the core. Splices subject omission results from the small share of the length of connections concerning the total length of the tape and therefore can be treated as less important. This is also influenced by the greater difficulty in automating signal analysis. The changes in the magnetic field caused by the presence of splices are similar to the signals generated by the cut cable. However, they cannot be regarded as damage, as regularity of signal changes indicates deliberate action. It is important to recognize the nature of these signals, which will help assess the condition of the connections. In the doctoral dissertation of Tomasz Kozłowski [19] describes methods of determining parameters that characterize the conveyor belt splices based on analog magnetic signals. The data obtained from the HRDS (High Resolution Diagnostic System) system implemented in 2013 at the Polish lignite mine KWB Turów. This article presents digital signals from splices registered with the DiagBelt system.