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1
Content available Global Challenges and Threats of Hypersonic Weapons: The Russian Context
Banasik Mirosław
Safety & Defense
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2021
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2
40--50
EN
This article presents the results of research that set out to identify and characterize the challenges and threats to international security posed by the use of hypersonic weapons. The research process mainly employed the critical assessment of the literature, systemic and comparative analyses and generalization. As a result of the research, it was established that hypersonic weapons are an indispensable tool in the conducting of international competition by the Russian Federation and can be treated on par with nuclear weapons. Due to its attributes, it meets the criteria of an offensive weapon and poses certain uncertainties and real threats to the international security environment mainly because, so far, the capabilities to intercept and destroy it in the active phase of flight to the target has not been acquired. The Russian Federation considers hypersonic weapons as an excellent tool for applying pressure and aggression, allowing it to conduct international competition in the gray zone and achieve foreign policy objectives without the need for direct military confrontation. Due to its ability to cause almost immediate operational and strategic effects, it accelerates the dynamics of conflict escalation and rapidly affects the transition from a state of stability to international instability. It cannot be ruled out that in the third decade of the 21st century hypersonic weapons may be the key element determining the Russian Federation's achievement of global dominance.
2
Content available remote Maria Skłodowska-Curie i Ernest Rutherford - przyjaźń, współpraca i rywalizacja
Piskurewicz Jan
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2019
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T. 64, nr 4
25--42
EN
For the first quarter of the 20th century, the Curie Laboratory and the Ernest Rutherford Laboratory were the two main research centers for radioactivity. Both dealt with the same field, but had different priorities from the beginning. The Paris laboratory focused on discovering and studying the properties of new radioactive elements, while Rutherford in his laboratories in Montreal, and later in Manchester and Cambridge, tried, above all, to explain the very nature of radioactivity. There was a clear competition between the two laboratories, which, however, did not preclude personal and scholarly cooperation between their heads of research, i.e. Maria Skłodowska-Curie and Ernest Rutherford. The article discusses the main topics of this collaboration, such as developing a radium template, assigning scientific terminology, organizing scientific conferences, and preparing students. In addition, a few passages were devoted to the private relations between both scientists, which had a direct impact on their collaboration.
3
Content available The impact of rivalry and excludability on transport choices: a preliminary research
Paradowska Monika
Ekonomia i Środowisko
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2019
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nr 2
160--178
EN
Purpose: Many policies aimed at developing sustainable transport are based on a (partial) exclusion of car drivers and on a decrease in rivalry between different transport users. In this context, the primary purpose of this study is to assess the impact of changes in levels of rivalry and excludability resulting from infrastructural changes in the transport system providing enhanced sustainable transport choices. Methodology/approach: Rivalry and excludability determine patterns of consumption and are the basis of many aspects of sustainable transport policies. Therefore, the key issue for policy making is to determine the extent to which changes in these features support sustainable transport choices. To attempt to understand these features, preliminary survey research was conducted among users of the Wrocław (Poland) transport system to investigate; (i) which changes in the transport system are the most important for respondents, (ii) how these changes influence the intensity of rivalry and excludability, and (iii) whether these changes lead to a shift in transport mode choice. Findings: Changes in the transport system led to decreased or unchanged intensity of rivalry. There were few examples of exclusion, which affected primarily car users. Modifications in the levels of the two analysed features were not accompanied by a permanent shift towards more sustainable transport choices. Originality/value: While many studies investigate changes in transport behaviour resulting from particular solutions that promote sustainable transport, this study focuses on how transport users react when faced with many different changes in the transport system. The novelty of this approach sheds light on transport choices resulting from changes in rivalry and excludability and the results obtained may assist evidence-based policy recommendations.
4
Międzynarodowe Zawody Zastępów Ratowniczych drogą do wymiany doświadczeń
Mirek A., Katan D., Walczak P.
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie
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2012
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nr 11
48-52
5
Content available remote Kwestia irańska w świetle rywalizacji między Zachodem a Rosją
Otłowski Tomasz
Wiedza Obronna
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2008
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nr 4
13--19
6
Wykorzystanie strategii wojennej w biznesie.
Skonieczny J.
Prace Naukowe Instytutu Organizacji i Zarządzania Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały
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2005
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Vol. 76, nr 18/1
77-89
PL
Celem pracy jest pokazanie związków pomiędzy wojną a strategią biznesową oraz omówienie tych elementów strategii wojennej, które mogą być przydatne w biznesie. Wyjaśniono pojęcie wojny i opisano jej rodzaje. Następnie zdefiniowano zasady stuki wojennej. Analiza tych zasad umożliwiła wyróżnienie 12 elementów strategii wojennej. Szczególnym elementem jest odwet ze strony przeciwnika. Jego uwzględnienie w strategii wojennej wymaga zastosowania wywiadowczych metod zbierania informacji.
EN
The paper is focused on relations among leading a war and business strategy. Author also points elements of war strategy, which can be useful in business process. Nature of war was explained and also its types. After that the rules and 12 elements were discussed in general.
7
Content available remote Jedność europejska
Kaczmarek J.
Wiedza Obronna
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1999
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nr 1
3--16
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