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EN
Any complete CFD model of pulverised coal-fired boiler needs to consider ash deposition phenomena. Wall boundary conditions (temperature and emissivity) should be temporally corrected to account for the effects of deposit growth on the combustion conditions. At present voluminous publications concerning ash related problems are available. The current paper presents development of an engineering tool integrating deposit formation models with the CFD code. It was then applied to two tangentially-fired boilers. The developed numerical tool was validated by comparing it with boiler evaporator power variation based on the on-line diagnostic system with the results from the full CFD simulation.
EN
The objective of the study presented in this paper was to analyse and suggest techno-economic solutions for effective reactivation of the "Negotino" Thermal Power Plant, located in the central part of Macedonia. The plant was erected in 1978, with boilers designed to use heavy fuel oil, but, due to the high price of the oil, usually it is in operation not more than two months annually. Several technical solutions for effective reactivation of the power plant were envisaged in the study: a construction of a new boiler with circulating fluidised bed technology, construction of conventional or supercritical boiler on pulverised coal and a power plant with combined steam and gas cycle. Various possibilities regarding the fuel were considered: use of high quality imported coal, lignite from the local coalmine and natural gas. The main conclusions regarding the proposed solutions are presented.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wykorzystanie deskryptorów Fouriera opisujących kształt płomienia do określenia stabilności płomienia pyłowego. Badania wykonywane były na stanowisku laboratoryjnym, w czasie których zmieniano wydatki powietrza pierwotnego, wtórnego oraz pyłu węglowego doprowadzając do utraty stabilności płomienia.
EN
The paper presents the application of Fourier descriptors of the flame shape to assessment of the pulverised coal flame stability. Experiments were made on a laboratory stand equipped with a scaled down 1:10 swirl burner, while flows of the primary, secondary air as well as coal were changed. It caused lack of the flame stability, which could be observed through the changing flame shape. Flame images were captured by a monochrome CCD camera, mounted in an inspection opening, as shown in Fig. 1. Since the flame was the only luminous object, determination of its area and edge was based on a pixel amplitude. The flame edge was transformed into Fourier descriptors and was a subject of investigation.
EN
In this work problems associated with requirements related to pollution emissions in compliance with more restrictive standards, low-emission combustion technology, technical realization of the monitoring system as well as algorithms allowing combustion process diagnostics are discussed. Results of semi-industrial laboratory facility and industrial (power station) research are presented as well as the possibility of application of information obtained from the optical fibre monitoring system for combustion process control. Moreover, directions of further research aimed to limit combustion process environmental negative effects are presented.
PL
Omówiono prace dotyczące współspalania węgla z biomasą w paleniskach pyłowych, które poruszają zagadnienia popiołu i żużla. Scharakteryzowano doświadczalne piece szybowe i cyklonowe oraz sondy żużlowe używane do badań współspalania.
EN
Some European studies on pulverised of coal and biomass co-firing are presented. It was given an account of 2 types of pilot rigs: shaft and cyclone ones. Slagging probes used to test deposit formation are described.
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