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1
Content available remote Digital Twin in manufacturing. Part II. Case studies in removal and additive machining processes
Grzesik Wit
Mechanik
|
2023
|
R. 96, nr 2
6--14
EN
In this paper, a survey of the applications of digital twins (DTs) in removal and additive machining operations performed in smart manufacturing is presented. Some representative examples of virtual modelling in these manufacturing areas at different scales and complexity, including tools, fixtures, machines, equipment and manufacturing/production systems are presented and overviewed. Current experiences of research centres and machine tools companies, which develop and implement of DT technology in the context of control and optimization of machining processes performed on CNC machine tools, are highlighted. According to the author’s opinion this comprehensive survey would encourage to undertake this important manufacturing problem to implement new virtual tools for developing the I4.0 strategy.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano przegląd zastosowań cyfrowego bliźniaka (DT) w skrawaniu i obróbce przyrostowej. Podano przykłady o różnym poziomie złożoności, z uwzględnieniem oprzyrządowania, maszyn, procesów i systemów wytwórczych/produkcyjnych. Omówiono doświadczenia ośrodków badawczych we wdrażaniu technologii DT w kontekście sterowania procesami obróbkowymi na obrabiarkach CNC i ich optymalizacji. Zdaniem autora artykuł powinien zachęcić do podjęcia problematyki wprowadzania nowych narzędzi informatycznych w rozwoju strategii Przemysłu 4.0.
2
Content available remote Digital twin in manufacturing. Part I. State of the art, architecture and applications
Grzesik Wit
Mechanik
|
2023
|
R. 96, nr 1
8--13
EN
In this paper, some important achievements in the development of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) strategy based on the concept of advanced digitalization covering smart manufacturing activities using the Internet of Things (IoT) and corresponding digital twin (DT) solutions are highlighted. Some popular definitions and their practical meanings, modelling principles and possible applications are given. Some new trends and enabling technologies in smart (intelligent) manufacturing, i.e, complete digitalization of assets (units, machines, equipment, etc.), processes and systems based on the evolutionary development of DTs are discussed. This paper should encourage industry and academia to undertake this important problem more seriously, to implement its future potential in manufacturing and enhance the I4.0 strategy.
PL
W artykule dokonano przeglądu osiągnięć w zakresie rozwoju strategii Przemysłu 4.0, opartego na zaawansowanej cyfryzacji z wykorzystaniem internetu rzeczy (IoT) i cyfrowego bliźniaka (DT - digital twin). Podano definicje i zasady modelowania oraz przedstawiono możliwe obszary zastosowań cyfrowego bliźniaka. Omówiono trendy w inteligentnym wytwarzaniu, m.in. kompletną cyfryzację maszyn, procesów i systemów wytwórczych, oparte na ewolucyjnym rozwoju koncepcji cyfrowego bliźniaka. Artykuł powinien zachęcić do podjęcia problematyki wprowadzania nowych narzędzi informatycznych w rozwoju strategii Przemysłu 4.0.
3
Content available Industry 4.0 technologies and managers’ decision-making across value chain. Evidence from the manufacturing industry
Młody Michał, Ratajczak-Mrozek Milena, Sajdak Maja
Engineering Management in Production and Services
|
2023
|
Vol. 15, no. 3
69--83
EN
The paper aims to identify how Industry 4.0 technologies affect the quality and speed of the managers’ decision-making process across the different stages of the value chain, based on the example of the manufacturing sector. The paper adopts qualitative research, based on nine in-depth interviews with key informants, to capture senior executives’ experiences with implementing Industry 4.0 technologies in their organisations. The research is focused on three manufacturing industries: the automotive, food and furniture industries. The research shows that depending on the stage of the value chain, different Industry 4.0 technologies are more suitable for the support of managers’ decisions. Various Industry 4.0 technologies support decisionmaking at different stages of the manufacturing value chain. In the Design stage, 3D printing and scanning technologies play a crucial role. In the case of Inbound Logistics, robotisation, automation, Big Data analysis, and Business Intelligence are most useful. During the Manufacturing stage, robotisation, automation, 3D printing, scanning, Business Intelligence, cloud computing, and machine-to-machine (M2M) integration enable quick decision-making and speed up production. Sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT) optimise distribution in the Outbound Logistics stage. And finally, Business Intelligence supports decisions within the Sales and Marketing stage. It is also the most versatile technology among all particular stages. The paper provides empirical evidence on the Industry 4.0 technology support in decision-making at different stages of the manufacturing value chain, which leads to more effective value chain management, ensuring faster and more accurate decisions at each value-chain stage. When using properly selected Industry 4.0 technologies, managers can optimise their production processes, reduce costs, avoid errors and improve customer satisfaction. Simultaneously, Industry 4.0 technologies facilitate predictive analytics to forecast and anticipate future demand, quality issues, and potential risks. This knowledge allows organisations to make better decisions and take proactive actions to prevent problems.
4
Content available remote Biologicalisation of manufacturing processes. State of the art, principles and developing trends
Grzesik Wit
Mechanik
|
2022
|
R. 95, nr 11
8--13
EN
In this paper, a survey of new achievements in the area of biologically inspired design and manufacturing and fundamental rules of biological transformation in manufacturing - also in relation to mechanical engineering - is provided. Some possible scenarios and several examples of the applications of biological transformation in manufacturing are presented. Some new trends, for instance, the way so-called Living Manufacturing Systems, which are based on advanced AI techniques, are discussed. Finally, some examples of a successful biologicalisation of manufacturing tools, i.e. injection moulds, machine tools, manufacturing processes, and systems are provided. This paper can motivate Polish engineers and researchers to undertake this topic in Poland.
PL
W artykule dokonano przeglądu osiągnięć w zakresie biologicznie inspirowanego projektowania i wytwarzania oraz zasad biologicznej transformacji tych podstawowych funkcji w inżynierii mechanicznej. Przedstawiono możliwe scenariusze i liczne przykłady wdrażania biologicznej transformacji w przemyśle wytwórczym. Omówiono nowe trendy, m.in. przejście do „żywych” systemów wytwórczych (living manufacturing systems) oparte na technikach AI samouczenia się. Zamiarem autora jest zainteresowanie inżynierów i naukowców w kraju tematem transformacji biologicznej.
5
Content available Fuzzy comprehensive model of manufacturing industry transfer risk based on economic big data analysis
Sun Tong, Liu Chunzhi
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
|
2022
|
Vol. 70, nr 2
art. no. e139959
EN
Aiming at the problems of low accuracy, low efficiency and low stability of traditional methods and recent developments in advanced technology incite the industries to be in sync with modern technology. With respect to various available techniques, this paper designs a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of the manufacturing industry for transferring risk based on economic big-data analytics. The big-data analysis method is utilized to obtain the data source of fuzzy evaluation of the manufacturing industry to transfer risk using data as the basis of risk evaluation. Based on the risk factors, the proposed model establishes the risk index system of the manufacturing industry and uses the expert evaluation method to design the scoring method of the evaluation index system. To ensure the accuracy of the evaluation results, the manufacturing industry’s fuzzy comprehensive model is established using the entropy weight method, and the expert evaluation results are modified accordingly. The experimental results show that the highest efficiency of the proposed method is 96%, the highest accuracy of the evaluation result is 75%. The evaluation result’s stability is higher than the other existing methods, which fully verifies the effectiveness and can provide a reliable theoretical basis for enterprise risk evaluation research.
6
Content available Achieving cost efficiency through increased inventory leanness: Evidence from manufacturing industry
Mor Rahul S., Kumar Dinesh, Yadav Sarika, Jaiswal Swatantra K.
Production Engineering Archives
|
2021
|
Vol. 27, Iss. 1
42--49
EN
Inventory management’s fundamental problem starts with maintaining equilibrium among the operating efficiency, cost of investment, and other allied costs with extensive inventories to keep the actual conflicts at the minimum while optimizing the inventory holding levels. But, inventory management practices have not been well exploited in various manufacturing industries yet. In this study, inventory management tools, i.e., ABC and VED analysis, have been applied in the manufacturing industry, considering 146 items as raw material for an assembly. A total of 15 items under ‘AV’ class have been identified that consume 82.05 % of the total cost, and these items need strict control and frequent ordering. Sigma level of suppliers is also calculated, which comes out to be 2.36, and it must be improved to reduce the overall inventory cost.
7
Content available Evaluating the Social Sustainability Criteria of Supply Chain Management in Manufacturing Industries: A Role of BWM in MCDM
Khokhar Maryam, Hou Yumei, Rafique Muhammad Asim, Iqbal Wasim
Problemy Ekorozwoju
|
2020
|
Vol. 15, nr 2
185--194
EN
Supply chain management firms are gradually pressurized to incorporate social sustainability practices to address social issues. Though, the researchers emphasized on different dimensions of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM), i.e., social, environmental and economic but fewer considered the social aspect of sustainability. The purpose of this research is to take into account the social dimension of sustainability into manufacturing industries. The social dimension of sustainability as compared to other sustainable, has severe adverse impact across supply chains. In order to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of social sustainability in supply chain management, a sample of 53 practitioners of Pakistani manufacturing companies has been selected to prioritize and evaluate the SCSS criteria by applying a decision-making multi-criteria method called the best worst method (BWM). The criteria of the study are ranked according to their average weight achieved through BWM. The criterion employment practices has been chosen as the most significant criterion while cultural values criterion is considered as least important. The results of this study are helpful for industry managers, practitioners and decision-makers to take the decisions for the implementation of social criteria to enhance the social sustainability that lead to sustainable development.
PL
Firmy zarządzające łańcuchem dostaw są poddawane presji, aby wprowadzić praktyki zrównoważonego rozwoju społecznego w celu rozwiązania problemów społecznych. Chociaż naukowcy zwracają uwagę na różne wymiary zrównoważonego zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw (SSCM), tj. społeczny, środowiskowy i ekonomiczny, jednak należy zauważyć, że w najmniejszym stopniu dyskutowane są aspekty społeczne. Celem tych badań jest uwzględnienie społecznego wymiaru zrównoważonego rozwoju w przemyśle wytwórczym. Społeczny wymiar zrównoważoności, w porównaniu z innymi, ma poważny negatywny wpływ na łańcuchy dostaw. W celu wykazania możliwości zastosowania i efektywności zrównoważoności społecznej w zarządzaniu łańcuchem dostaw, wybrano próbę 53 praktyków z pakistańskich firm produkcyjnych w celu ustalenia priorytetów i oceny kryteriów SCSS poprzez zastosowanie wielokryterialnej metody decyzyjnej zwanej najlepszą/najgorszą metodą (BWM). Kryteria badania są uszeregowane według ich średniej wagi osiągniętej w BWM. Kryterium dotyczące zatrudnienia zostało wybrane jako najistotniejsze, natomiast kryterium wartości kulturowych jest uważane za najmniej ważne. Wyniki tego badania są pomocne dla menedżerów branży, praktyków i decydentów w podejmowaniu decyzji dotyczących wdrażania kryteriów społecznych w celu zwiększenia zrównoważości społecznej, która prowadzi do zrównoważonego rozwoju.
8
Content available The impact of managements’ unethical behavior on the organziational trust
Puspaningrum Astrid, Thongsri Nattaporn, Prabandari Sri Palupi
Polish Journal of Management Studies
|
2020
|
Vol. 21, No. 2
328--341
EN
The aim linked with the present study is to investigate the mediating role of experience of psychological contract violation on the relationship between unethical behaviors and trust. For this purpose, the study utilized the data of 179 operational managers of manufacturing industry of Thailand. The study applies structural educational modelling (SEM) approach for investigating the empirical results. Results of the study show that experience of psychological contract violation significantly mediates the negative relationship between unethical behaviors and trust. Formation of intentional relationships which increase the organizational restrictions has confirmed a challenging struggle for managers. There are some other problems faced by an organization, including the problems of trust, psychological contracts and the ethics and emerging area for researchers. Generally, there are some incidences in the organization for the study that is unwritten but exciting on the significant performance variables. Organization’s commitment regarding the contentment of their promises, known as a psychological contract, is one of the classifications that should be examined
PL
Celem związanym z niniejszym badaniem jest zbadanie mediacyjnej roli doświadczenia naruszenia psychologicznego umowy na związek między nieetycznymi zachowaniami a zaufaniem. W tym celu w badaniu wykorzystano dane 179 kierowników operacyjnych przemysłu wytwórczego Tajlandii. W badaniu zastosowano podejście do strukturalnego modelowania edukacyjnego (SEM) do badania wyników empirycznych. Wyniki badania pokazują, że doświadczenie naruszenia psychologicznego kontraktu istotnie pośredniczy w negatywnym związku między nieetycznymi zachowaniami a zaufaniem. Tworzenie intencjonalnych relacji zwiększających ograniczenia organizacyjne potwierdziło trudną walkę dla menedżerów. Istnieją inne problemy, z którymi boryka się organizacja, w tym problemy związane z zaufaniem, umowami psychologicznymi oraz etyką i pojawiającymi się obszarami dla badaczy. Zasadniczo w organizacji istnieją pewne przypadki, które są niepisane, ale ekscytujące w przypadku znaczących zmiennych wydajności. Zaangażowanie organizacji w spełnianie obietnic, zwane umową psychologiczną, jest jedną z klasyfikacji, które należy zbadać
9
Content available The Effect of Environmental Innovation on Employment Level: Evidence from China’s Manufacturing Industries
Yu W., Yu H.
Problemy Ekorozwoju
|
2017
|
Vol. 12, nr 1
7--14
EN
This paper examines the effect of environmental innovation on employment level, using an industry-level panel dataset for the 2001-2010 period in China. Empirical results show that environmental process innovation has a positive effect on employment, but with a time lag. Furthermore, the relationship between environmental innovation and employment is heterogeneous across dirty industries and clean industries in China. Based on the empirical result, this study derives some policy implications.
PL
Artykuł dyskutuje wpływ innowacji środowiskowych na poziom zatrudnienia, w oparciu o bazę danych obejmującą lara 2001-2010, a odnoszącą się do Chin. Uzyskane rezultaty pokazują, że wprowadzanie ekologicznych innowacji ma pozytywny wpływ na zatrudnienie, jednak jest to widoczne dopiero w dłuższej perspektywie czasowej. Ponadto okazało się, że powiązania pomiędzy ekologicznymi innowacjami a zatrudnieniem są odmienne w odniesieniu do brudnych i czystych gałęzi przemysłu w Chinach. Przeprowadzone badania pozwalają na sformułowanie zaleceń na przyszłość.
10
Content available remote Fabryka przyszłości. Jak wygląda zakład produkcyjny XXI wieku?
Kampa A.
Utrzymanie Ruchu
|
2016
|
Nr 1
48--51
PL
W artykule omawiane są tendencje rozwojowe w przemyśle wytwórczym i wybrane koncepcje nowoczesnej fabryki przyszłości, tj.: całkowicie zautomatyzowana fabryka bezludna, wirtualna cyfrowa fabryka 4.0, samoorganizująca się fabryka inteligentna oraz „prywatna fabryka" umożliwiająca cyfrowe wytwarzanie dowolnych produktów na bazie technik szybkiego prototypowania.
11
Equipment failures and their contribution to industrial incidents and accidents in the manufacturing industry
Bourassa D., Gauthier F., Abdul-Nour G.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
|
2016
|
Vol. 22, No. 1
131--141
EN
Accidental events in manufacturing industries can be caused by many factors, including work methods, lack of training, equipment design, maintenance and reliability. This study is aimed at determining the contribution of failures of commonly used industrial equipment, such as machines, tools and material handling equipment, to the chain of causality of industrial accidents and incidents. Based on a case study which aimed at the analysis of an existing pulp and paper company's accident database, this paper examines the number, type and gravity of the failures involved in these events and their causes. Results from this study show that equipment failures had a major effect on the number and severity of accidents accounted for in the database: 272 out of 773 accidental events were related to equipment failure, where 13 of them had direct human consequences. Failures that contributed directly or indirectly to these events are analyzed.
12
An investigation of safety climate in OHSAS 18001-certified and non-certified organizations
Ghahramani A.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
|
2016
|
Vol. 22, No. 3
414--421
EN
Many organizations worldwide have implemented Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) 18001 in their premises because of the assumed positive effects of this standard on safety. Few studies have analyzed the effect of the safety climate in OHSAS 18001-certified organizations. This case–control study used a new safety climate questionnaire to evaluate three OHSAS 18001-certified and three non-certified manufacturing companies in Iran. Hierarchical regression indicated that the safety climate was influenced by OHSAS implementation and by safety training. Employees who received safety training had better perceptions of the safety climate and its dimensions than other respondents within the certified companies. This study found that the implementation of OHSAS 18001 does not guarantee improvement of the safety climate. This study also emphasizes the need for high-quality safety training for employees of the certified companies to improve the safety climate.
13
Content available Product-Service Systems in a manufacturing company strategy - a review paper
Kozłowska J.
Ekonomia i Zarządzanie
|
2015
|
Vol. 7, no. 2
48--56
EN
Fierce competition among entrepreneurs, the process of global economy servicization and increasing customer demands force manufacturers to introduce new business models and new solutions such as Product-Service Systems (PSS). In this paper, the Product-Service Systems concept is reviewed, on the basis of the latest academic literature. The classification of PSS types is also presented. Benefits that accrue from systems of integrated products and services implementation, as well as barriers and challenges that a manufacturing company faces in this process, are indicated. The successfully applied Product-Service Systems in industrial sector firms at global market are also presented. The author made a review of research that have been conducted in recent years in many academic institutes worldwide.
14
Content available Safety Management in Multiemployer Worksites in the Manufacturing Industry: Opinions on Co-Operation and Problems Encountered
Nenonen S., Vasara J.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
|
2013
|
Vol. 19, No. 2
167--183
EN
Co-operation between different parties and effective safety management play an important role in ensuring safety in multiemployer worksites. This article reviews safety co-operation and factors complicating safety management in Finnish multiemployer manufacturing worksites. The paper focuses on the service providers' opinions; however, a comparison of the customers' views is also presented. The results show that safety-related co-operation between providers and customers is generally considered as successful but strongly dependent on the partner. Safety co-operation is provided through, e.g., training, orientation and risk analysis. Problems encountered include ensuring adequate communication, identifying hazards, co-ordinating work tasks and determining responsibilities. The providers and the customers encounter similar safety management problems. The results presented in this article can help companies to focus their efforts on the most problematic points of safety management and to avoid common pitfalls.
15
Content available remote Functional importance of surface topography parameters
Pawlus P., Dzierwa A.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Mechanika
|
2008
|
z. 73 [253]
229-237
EN
The paper presents the review of research investigations concerning functional importance of different surface topography parameters. The results of own investigations are also taken into consideration. Four groups of parameters were analysed: amplitude, spatial, hybrid and connected with material ratio curve.
16
Content available Risk Factors to Musculoskeletal Disorders and Anthropometric Measurements of Filipino Manufacturing Workers
Del Prado-Lu J. L.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
|
2004
|
Vol. 10, No. 4
349--359
EN
This study looked into the risk factors to musculoskeletal disorders and established anthropometric measurements of Filipino workers in 29 manufacturing industries. Anthropometric measurements of 1,805 workers were taken, and 495 workers were surveyed. Limitation of motion was found in 0.8% of the respondents, affectation in activities of daily living was seen in 1.6% and 3.2% felt discomfort in the head and neck. Upper trunk and low back pain was experienced by 23.8%. Odds ratio results (p = .05) showed that it is 29 times likely for workers to develop low back pain when they stand for 2-8 hrs a day than when they sit all the time. Anthropometry can be used for the design of workstations and work furniture.
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