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1

Prototype of hand prosthesis components manufactured with biocompatible material using PolyJet Matrix technology

Szczygieł Paweł

Mechanik

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2022

|

R. 95, nr 7

50--54

EN

This paper presents a procedure for developing a components of the hand prosthesis using reverse engineering. The hand model was obtained using a plaster cast and a 3D scanner. The 3D model of the prosthesis was remodelled using selected CAD software. The prosthesis was made of MED610 polymer material using PolyJet Matrix (PJM) technology. The MED610 material was chosen for its biocompatible properties. The printed model of the finger prosthesis was subjected to a bending test.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono procedurę projektowania elementów protezy dłoni z wykorzystaniem inżynierii odwrotnej. Modele dłoni odwzorowano w postaci odlewów gipsowych. Korzystając ze skanera 3D otrzymano chmurę punktów, którą przekonwertowano do pliku STL. Model 3D protezy przebudowano w oprogramowaniu CAD. Protezę wykonano z materiału polimerowego MED610 z zastosowaniem technologii PolyJet Matrix (PJM). Materiał MED610 został wybrany ze względu na biokompatybilne właściwości. Wydrukowany model protezy poddano próbie zginania.

2

Protezy narządu wzroku cz. III

Winkler R., Peszke J.

Przegląd Techniczny : Gazeta Inżynierska

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2018

|

nr 16-17

18--21

PL

Narząd wzroku jest jednym z najważniejszych zmysłów u człowieka warunkującym odbieranie ponad 90% bodźców zewnętrznych. Jego utrata lub uszkodzenie praktycznie eliminują człowieka ze społeczeństwa. Dotychczasowe próby naprawy czy też poprawy wzroku opierały się głównie na korekcji obrazu docierającego na siatkówkę. W przypadku uszkodzenia tej tkanki odbieranie światła jest niemożliwe. Najnowsze wyniki badań ukazują możliwości w zakresie wykonania protez tego narządu za pomocą układów fotoelektrycznych.

EN

The organ of sight is one of the most important senses in humans, conditioning the reception of over 90% of external stimuli. Its loss or damage virtually eliminates a man from society. Previous attempts to repair or improve eyesight were based mainly on the correction of the image reaching the retina. In the case of damage to this tissue, it is impossible to receive light.The latest research results show the possibilities in the field of prostheses prosthesis using photoelectric systems.

3

Protezy narządu wzroku cz. II

Winkler R., Peszke J.

Przegląd Techniczny : Gazeta Inżynierska

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2018

|

nr 14-15

20--25

PL

Narząd wzroku jest jednym z najważniejszych zmysłów u człowieka warunkującym odbieranie ponad 90% bodźców zewnętrznych. Jego utrata lub uszkodzenie praktycznie eliminują człowieka ze społeczeństwa. Dotychczasowe próby naprawy czy też poprawy wzroku opierały się głównie na korekcji obrazu docierającego na siatkówkę. W przypadku uszkodzenia tej tkanki odbieranie światła jest niemożliwe. Najnowsze wyniki badań ukazują możliwości w zakresie wykonania protez tego narządu za pomocą układów fotoelektrycznych.

EN

The organ of sight is one of the most important senses in humans, conditioning the reception of over 90% of external stimuli. Its loss or damage virtually eliminates a man from society. Previous attempts to repair or improve eyesight were based mainly on the correction of the image reaching the retina. In the case of damage to this tissue, it is impossible to receive light. The latest research results show the possibilities in the field of prosthesis using photoelectric systems.

4

Protezy narządu wzroku cz. I

Winkler R., Peszke J.

Przegląd Techniczny : Gazeta Inżynierska

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2018

|

nr 12-13

27--30

PL

Narząd wzroku jest jednym z najważniejszych zmysłów człowieka warunkującym odbieranie ponad 90% bodźców zewnętrznych. Jego utrata lub uszkodzenie praktycznie eliminują człowieka ze społeczeństwa. Dotychczasowe próby naprawy czy też poprawy wzroku opierały się głównie na korekcji obrazu docierającego na siatkówkę. W przypadku uszkodzenia tej tkanki odbieranie światła jest niemożliwe. Najnowsze wyniki badań ukazują możliwości w zakresie wykonania protez tego narządu za pomocą układów fotoelektrycznych.

EN

The organ of sight is one of the most important senses in humans, conditioning the reception of over 90% of external stimuli. Its loss or damage virtually eliminates a man from society. Previous attempts to repair or improve eyesight were based mainly on the correction of the image reaching the retina. In the case of damage to this tissue, it is impossible to receive light. The latest research results show the possibilities in the field of prosthesis using photoelectric systems.

5

Stopa robota a stopa protezowa - podobieństwa i różnice

Gramala A., Drapikowski P., Pogorzała A. M.

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Elektronika

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2018

|

z. 196

561--570

PL

W pracy przedstawiono porównanie stóp dwunożnych robotów kroczących i stóp protezowych w zakresie rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych, napędowych i elementów tłumiących oraz biomechaniki chodu. Analiza porównawcza wskazuje, że obydwie konstrukcje zbliżają się do siebie starając się odtworzyć naturalny sposób poruszania się człowieka, a wzajemne wykorzystanie sprawdzonych rozwiązań przyczyni się do budowy protez lepiej odpowiadających wymaganiom pacjentów oraz robotów poruszających się w sposób zbliżony do ludzkiego.

EN

The paper presents a comparison of two-legged walking robots and prosthetic feet in the field of construction, drive and damping solutions as well as biomechanics of walking. Comparative analysis depicts that both constructions are approaching each other trying to recreate the natural way of human movement, and the mutual use of proven solutions will contribute to the construction of prostheses better suited to the requirements of patients and robots moving in a manner similar to human.

6

Evaluation of the retention characteristics of various stud attachment systems for implant retained overdenture

Gonuldas F., Tokar E., Ozturk C.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2018

|

Vol. 20, no. 4

135--141

EN

The purpose of the study was to analyze and compare retention characteristics of different stud attachments including a standard and two low profile attachments on two implant embedded test models. Methods: Three different stud attachment systems (Ball attachment and two different low profile stud attachments – Equator and Locator) were used in this study. Two dental implants were placed vertically into a custom-made acrylic resin block within a 22 mm distance. Strong and soft nylon inserts of each attachment system were tested using cyclic dislodgement test for 24 months simulation. Maximum forces during the test were recorded and 10 consecutive data at baseline, 1st to 24th months were analyzed. Repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test ( p  0.05) were used for statistical analysis. Results: Retentive forces of the tested attachments varied from 30.7 to 93.75 N at the baseline. The highest initial mean retention (93.75 N) was observed in Group LC (locator attachment with clear nylon inserts) and the lowest initial mean retention (30.7 N) was detected in both Group BO (ball attachment with orange nylon inserts) and Group EY (equator with yellow nylon inserts). After the 24 months simulation, locator groups illustrated more light retention than other tested attachment systems. Conclusions: All tested attachment systems showed a significant decrease in retention value at the end of the simulated period. The locator attachment had significantly higher reduction in retention values compared to other low profile stud attachment equator and ball attachment.

7

Numerical analysis of the foods nature effect on the mechanical behavior of dental implants

Sifi M., Serier B., Merdji A., Benaissa A, Mootanah R.

Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 21, nr 4

1021--1032

EN

This study focuses on a three-dimensional numerical analysis by the finite element method, the mechanical behavior of the dental prosthesis implant composed of a single implant. The effect of the nature of food on the level and distribution of the Von Mises equivalent stress generated in the bone and the elements that constitute this prosthesis have been highlighted. It has been shown that this level is particularly important that the Crushed masticated foods are rigid. This work was carried out to answer questions whose purpose was to analyze the risk of overload in the mandibular region. Loads transfer mechanisms and the possible failure of osseointegrated implants, the shape of the implant, the geometrical and mechanical properties of the placement site and bone resorption of the crest. A proper estimation of these effects allows the correct design of the implant.

8

The influence of silver nanoparticles introduced into RTV-silicone matrix on the activity against Streptococcus mutans

Chladek G., Mertas A., Krawczyk C., Stencel R., Jabłońska-Stencel E.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2016

|

Vol. 78, nr 2

59--65

EN

Purpose: The silicone based room temperature vulcanized (RTV) polymers are commonly used materials for medicine, especially for dentures and maxillofacial prostheses. Unfortunately, the colonization of those materials by pathogenic microorganisms is wellknown problem related with their applications. The aim of presented study was to examine antibacterial properties of RTV silicone for dentistry modified with silver nanoparticles. Design/methodology/approach: The silver nanoparticles were introduced into twocomponent system silicone based materials. The presence of silver nanoparticles was investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans was determined. The result were statistically analysed with a Statistica 12.5 software and non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05). Findings: The silver nanoparticles introduction into RTV - silicone allowed to enhance the antimicrobial resistance against standard strain of Streptococcus mutans. Research limitations/implications: In this research only Streptococcus mutans bacterium strain was used. In future activity of presented materials against other pathogenic bacteria living in oral cavity should be determined. Additionally long term investigation should be prepared. Practical implications: The colonization of dental materials with pathogenic bacteria and fungus is one of the most important and still unresolved problems related to exposition on oral environment. The low microbiological resistance of RTV-silicones and antimicrobial potential of silver were reported in numerous studies. The gram-positive Streptococcus mutans is commonly found in the human oral cavity and it is an important factor to tooth decay. Originality/value: The resistance against Streptococcus mutans of modified material was enhanced. The investigated materials could be a potential factor a potential conducive to reducing the risk of oral cavity infections.

9

Mechanical assessment of a hip joint stem model made of a PEEK/carbon fibre composite under compression loading

Dworak M., Błażewicz S.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2016

|

Vol. 18, no. 2

71--79

EN

Purpose: The aim of the work was to manufacture a composite stem model consisting of carbon fibres (CF) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and to perform the surface strain and stress distributions in the stem-femoral bone model under compression loading. Methods: Composite stems differing in elasticity were prepared. Three types of composite stems having different arrangements of carbon fibre reinforcements (carbon fibre roving, carbon fibre sleeves and their combinations) in the polymer matrix were made. The stems were cementless fixed in the femoral bone model channel or with the use of the polymer bone cement (PMMA). Mechanical behaviour of composite stems under compression loading was compared with a metallic stem by strain gauge measurements at different parts of stem/bone model systems. Results: The values of stresses in the proximal part of the bone model for cemented and cementless fixations of the composite stem in the femoral bone channel were higher than those noted for the metallic stem. The increase in proximal bone stress was almost similar for both types of fixation of composite stems, i.e., cemented and cementless fixed stems. Conclusions: The optimal range of mechanical stiffness, strengths and work up to fracture was obtained for composite stem made of carbon fibre sleeves and carbon fibres in the form of roving. Depending on the elasticity of the composite stem model, an increase in the stress in the proximal part of femoral bone model of up to 40% was achieved in comparison with the metallic stem.

10

Effect of silica filler on properties of PMMA resin

Chladek G., Żmudzki J., Basa K., Pater A., Krawczyk C., Pakieła W.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2015

|

Vol. 71, nr 2

63--72

EN

Purpose: Of this paper was to investigate the effect of silica nanofiller addition to PMMA-based denture material. The null hypothesis was that no difference exists between the mean flexural strength, hardness, sorption among materials without and with different content of silica filler. Design/methodology/approach: The nanosilica was introduced into “powder” component of commercially available PMMA resin for dentistry in concentrations 2, 5 and 10%. The SEM observations were made to confirm dispersion quality. To confirm presence of silica filler the X-ray microanalysis have been made. The influence of nanosilica addition on flexural strength, flexural modulus, hardness and sorption were investigated. Samples were stored at distilled water and ethanol solution. Statistical analysis were prepared with the one-way or the two-way analysis of variance ANOVA ( α =0.05), and Newman-Keuls significant difference post hoc test was used to determine the differences between mean values ( α =0.05). Findings: The result show that all investigated properties were changed after silica filler addition. Initially flexural strength decreased, but after accelerated again in ethanol incised. Flexural modulus and hardness increased. Sorption was decreased in both aging liquids. Research limitations/implications: Limitations resulting from the specificity of the conditions of laboratory tests and aging conditions so it does not allow to fully translate obtained results to expected results of clinical trials. Practical implications: The PMMA drawback is still insufficient mechanical properties, so it can be easily damaged during an accidents or when a patients applies high mastication force to the denture which show areas for further mechanical properties improvement. One of the ways of improving the mechanical properties of PMMA based materials may be nanoparticle addition, including commonly used nanosilica fillers. Originality/value: Influence of destructive plasticizing solutions on chosen properties of materials with different concentrations of silica fillers have been investigated.

11

Wearable acceleration sensor application in unilateral trans-tibial amputation prostheses

Kapti A. O., Muhurcu G.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

|

2014

|

Vol. 34, no. 1

53--62

EN

The availability of human walking gait data collected from the wearable acceleration sensors for trajectory control of an active artificial ankle joint in the unilateral trans-tibial prosthesis was investigated in this study. It is observed that the collected acceleration data can be used in the rulebased control of the prosthetic leg. A portable microprocessor-based data acquisition system, and data transfer module were designed for capturing the acceleration signals during walking. Flexionextension angle pattern of ankle joint was determined from acceleration signals of two tri-axial wearable accelerometers placed on the shank and foot segments. This pattern was utilized for control of the active artificial ankle joint in the trans-tibial prosthesis. This approach may have the potential of contributing the development of better prostheses.

12

Expandable endoprosthesis for growing patients - Reliability and research

Borkowski P., Skalski K.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

|

2014

|

Vol. 34, no. 4

199--205

EN

Nowadays expandable endoprosthesis for growing children is an alternative to amputation in the course of surgical treatment. Modern non-invasive endoprosthesis gives the possibility of elongation without a surgical operation. In the paper, the results of research with the application of computer technique in geometrical modelling are presented, as well as the design and manufacture in processing the medical images and experimental studies during an initial estimation of a new expandable prosthesis construction for growing patients, which will lead to the preparation for production and implantation processes in Poland.

13

Modeling and stress analyses of a normal foot-ankle and a prosthetic foot-ankle complex

Ozen M., Sayman O., Havitcioglu H.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2013

|

Vol. 15, no. 3

19--27

EN

Total ankle replacement (TAR) is a relatively new concept and is becoming more popular for treatment of ankle arthritis and fractures. Because of the high costs and difficulties of experimental studies, the developments of TAR prostheses are progressing very slowly. For this reason, the medical imaging techniques such as CT, and MR have become more and more useful. The finite element method (FEM) is a widely used technique to estimate the mechanical behaviors of materials and structures in engineering applications. FEM has also been increasingly applied to biomechanical analyses of human bones, tissues and organs, thanks to the development of both the computing capabilities and the medical imaging techniques. 3-D finite element models of the human foot and ankle from reconstruction of MR and CT images have been investigated by some authors. In this study, data of geometries (used in modeling) of a normal and a prosthetic foot and ankle were obtained from a 3D reconstruction of CT images. The segmentation software, MIMICS was used to generate the 3D images of the bony structures, soft tissues and components of prosthesis of normal and prosthetic ankle-foot complex. Except the spaces between the adjacent surface of the phalanges fused, metatarsals, cuneiforms, cuboid, navicular, talus and calcaneus bones, soft tissues and components of prosthesis were independently developed to form foot and ankle complex. SOLIDWORKS program was used to form the boundary surfaces of all model components and then the solid models were obtained from these boundary surfaces. Finite element analyses software, ABAQUS was used to perform the numerical stress analyses of these models for balanced standing position. Plantar pressure and von Mises stress distributions of the normal and prosthetic ankles were compared with each other. There was a peak pressure increase at the 4th metatarsal, first metatarsal and talus bones and a decrease at the intermediate cuneiform and calcaneus bones, in prosthetic ankle-foot complex compared to normal one. The predicted plantar pressures and von Misses stress distributions for a normal foot were consistent with other FE models given in the literature. The present study is aimed to open new approaches for the development of ankle prosthesis.

14

Ocena stopnia pochłaniania wody przez wybrane rodzaje żywic acetalowych

Frączak B., Pryliński M., Karońska K., Sobolewska E., Prylińska-Czyżewska A.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2012

|

T. 91, nr 4

606-607

PL

Materiałom do wykonywania protez ruchomych stawia się coraz wyższe wymagania. Celem pracy było określenie sorpcji wody w wybranych żywicach acetalowych. Wszystkie badane materiały cechowały się sorpcją wody, która największa była w pierwszej dobie, a później ulegała stabilizacji.

EN

Four com. acetal resins were studied for H2O sorption at 37°C for 24 h to 3 months by detn. of mass increase. The sorption intensity was highest during the first 24 h of the contact of the resin with H2O. Some differences in the sorption capacity were observed.

15

Orthopedic diagnostics with ensembles of learning systems

Szarek A., Korytkowski M., Rutkowski L., Scherer R., Szyprowski J.

Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki

|

2012

|

z. 6

141--146

16

Aspects of exploitation stability of selected dental prosthetic bridges

Jałbrzykowski M., Mystkowska J., Urban D., Kulesza E., Andrysewicz E.

Acta Mechanica et Automatica

|

2011

|

Vol. 5, no. 4

54-57

EN

The paper presents results of microscopic observations of selected porcelain bridges prepared on metallic base. The aim of microscopic observations was the identification of example wear types which have appeared during dental prosthetic bridges exploitation. The main attention was directed to wear forms that are quite often present in case of such prosthetic elements. The wear types comparative analysis was evaluated. The most frequent types of wear are: material's cracking, abrasive wear. Also, the metal corrosion and wear by dental plaque at prosthetic bridge surface were observed.

17

Metody pomiarowe do zastosowania w komorze wspomagania sztucznego serca

Konieczny G., Opilski Z., Pustelny T., Maciak E.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2010

|

R. 86, nr 10

53-56

PL

Protezy służące do wspomagania serca są rozwijane w Fundacji Rozwoju Kardiochirurgii w Zabrzu. Ich głównym zadaniem jest przyspieszenie leczenia mięśnia sercowego pacjentów, u których zdiagnozowano choroby serca i układu krwionośnego. Zastosowanie protezy wspomagającej pracę serca pozwala na znaczne przyspieszenie leczenia chorego serca lub w przypadkach ostatecznych - na oczekiwanie na przeszczep serca. W publikacji zamieszczono analizę metod pomiarowych do zastosowania w protezach serca typu POLVAD (Polish Ventricular Assistant Device). Praca dotyczy zagadnienia bezinwazyjnej metody pomiarowej pozwalające na pomiar ciśnienia krwi w ustalonych miejscach, umieszczonych na protezie oraz wewnątrz protezy sztucznego serca.

EN

In this paper methods analysis for pressure measurement for using in the POLVAD (Polish Ventricular Assistant Device) are introduced. Work is focused on the noninvasive methods for blood pressure measurement in crucial points around heart prosthesis. Mechanical prosthesis used for heart support, are developed by the Foundation of Cardiac Surgery Development in Zabrze. Their main purpose is to aid the heart healing process in patients with cardiac problems. Use of the POLVAD prosthesis helps with speeding up heart recovery process in patients or is being or supports patient waiting for heart transplant.Conducted research is part of “Polish Artificial Heart” program. Main goal of this part of project is introduction of functional noninvasive blood pressure measurement system for POLVAD device and in future for fully artificial heart. Two sensing methods are being introduced: fiber pressure sensor and piezoelectric pressure measurement with. Preliminary results are included, and choice of best method for future development is being pointed out.

18

Can typical overdentures attachments prevent from bone overloading around mini-implants?

Żmudzki J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2010

|

Vol. 43, nr 2

542--551

EN

Purpose: High level of successful maintenance of implants located in anterior part of mandible popularizes economical solutions of implant-retained soft tissue supported dentures including those using narrow mini-implants with small diameter - of 1.8-2.2 mm. Design/methodology/approach: FEM modeling analyses were used to determine distribution of mastication loads between mucous foundation and bone tissue surrounding mini-implants that have 1.8 mm diameter. Examined were two types of commercial solitary denture attachments, described as biomechanically compatible due to their rotational movements freedom or due to the additional pivoting mobility. Findings: In case of both types of attachments the most dangerous lateral implants loadings significantly exceed half of oblique mastication loads value. In mini-implants and bone tissue lateral forces generate a high level of stresses. Research limitations/implications: Analyses were carried out with assumed linear characteristics of materials. Denture-to-soft foundation, as well as implant-to-bone complete adherence was assumed. Practical implications: While using mini-implants it is crucial to carefully evaluate the condition of bone foundation, due to the risk of quick development of atrophic processes in case of insufficient bone parameters. In case of mini-implants very important is very high strength value level and surface quality, due to the fact that in case of diameter of 1.8mm there might occur local yielding and propagation of fatigue cracks. Originality/value: Commercial types of attachments do not deserve the name of mechanically biocompatible, as they do not allow for such significant reduction of overloading effects, as the non-commercial silicone attachments.

19

Modelowanie MES podatnej protezy krążka międzykręgowego w kręgosłupie lędźwiowym

Borkowski P., Marek P., Krzesiński G., Wymysłowski P., Zagrajek T.

Górnictwo Odkrywkowe

|

2010

|

R. 51, nr 4

79-83

PL

Praca zawiera analizę numeryczną MES protezy krążka z podatną wkładką, oddziałującą z płytami zewnętrznymi na zasadzie kontaktu. W wyniku symulacji uzyskano charakterystyki zachowania się implantu przy obciążeniu siłą ściskającą i momentem zgięcia w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej oraz wyznaczono rozkłady przemieszczeń, odkształceń i naprężeń w protezie. Dla przypadku ściskania zbadano wpływ sztywności wkładki na zachowanie się sztucznego krążka.

EN

This paper presents application of the finite element method for an artificial disc modelling. The prosthesis consisted of two metal plates with a flexible elastomeric core contacting with the plates. The compressive force -displacement and the moment of flexion - rotation angle characteristics of the artificial disc were evaluated. Displacements, strain and stress fields were obtained in the prosthesis. The influence of the inlay stiffness on the behavior of the artificial disc was investigated for the compressive load.

20

Constructional model of internal oesophageal prosthesis

Dobrzański L. A., Pusz A., Nowak J., Górniak M.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

|

2010

|

Vol. 42, nr 2

69-76

EN

Purpose: The aim of this work is to study of constructional model of internal prosthesis of oesophagus with determined functional features; the prosthesis will replace the upper part of the digestive system – the oesophagus. Design/methodology/approach: Constructional model of internal prosthesis of oesophagus was worked out in the basis of physiological build of oesophagus considering surgical techniques. Findings: Development of optimal constructional model of internal prosthesis of oesophagus considering functional features and surgical techniques. Research limitations/implications: Developed constructional model of modern, internal prosthesis of the human oesophagus will be used to design the manufacturing technology and to manufacture given prosthesis. Originality/value: Worked out construction is the part of the research project realized by authors, that will result in cognitive, constructional and technological effects, but first of all, it will enable the real help very sick people.