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  1. 14 TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
  2. 2 Napędy i Sterowanie
  3. 1 Annual of Navigation
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  5. 1 Archives of Transport System Telematics
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  1. 4 Konatowski S.
  2. 3 Kaniewski P.
  3. 2 Specht C.
  4. 1 Ambroziak S. J.
  5. 1 Bajurko P.
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  1. 1 2019
  2. 1 2018
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1
Content available Polish DGPS System: 1995-2018 – studies of reference station operating zones
Specht C., Specht M., Dąbrowski P. S.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2019
|
Vol. 13, no. 3
581--586
EN
The operating zone of a radio navigation system is one of its main operating features. It determines the size of a water body in which the system can be used, while guaranteeing vessels’ navigation safety. The DGPS system in the LF/MF range is now the basic positioning system in coastal waters around the world, which guarantees not only metre positioning accuracy, but it is also the only one to provide navigators with signals on positioning reliability. This paper describes and summarises over twenty years of studies dealing with the operating zone of the Polish DGPS reference station network. This paper is the fifth in a series of publications whose aim was to present in detail the process of installation, testing and long-term evaluation of the navigational parameters of the Polish DGPS system, launched in 1995. This paper includes the theoretical foundations of determination of the Dziwnów and Rozewie DGPS reference station operating zones in the years 1995-2018. Moreover, it presents the measurement results for the signal levels and the results of their analyses, which determine the station operating zones.
2
Content available remote Sensorless step positioning of hydraulic linear actuator
Dindorf R., Woś P.
Technical Transactions
|
2018
|
Vol. 115, iss. 11
169--174
EN
The paper presents a design, working principle and simulation of a sensorless position system whose hydraulic linear stepper actuator is controlled by a combination of single binary on/off valves. For dynamic modelling and digital simulation of stepper actuator, the bond graph method was used. Preliminary simulation tests were conducted to determine the dynamic characteristics and dynamic properties of the stepper actuator.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono projekt, zasadę działania i symulację bezczujnikowego układu pozycjonowana hydraulicznego liniowego aktuatora krokowego sterowanego kombinacją pojedynczych binarnych zaworów włączających/wyłączających. Do modelowania dynamicznego i symulacji cyfrowej aktuatora krokowego wykorzystano metodę grafów wiązań (bond graph). Przeprowadzono wstępne testy symulacyjne w celu określenia charakterystyk dynamicznych i właściwości dynamicznych aktuatora krokowego.
3
Content available Position reference systems for off shore vessels
Pawelski J.
Archives of Transport System Telematics
|
2016
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Vol. 9, iss. 4
17--21
EN
Dynamic positioning (DP) system is an automatic system allowing vessel to keep position or move along predetermined track using solely own propellers and thrusters. Position reference systems provide very accurate position of vessel in relation to chosen points which is the key element of DP operations. Systems made by diff erent manufactures they have to use standardized data exchange protocols for proper communication.
4
Content available Navigation with ECDIS: Choosing the Proper Secondary Positioning Source
Brčić D., Kos S., Žuškin S.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2015
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Vol. 9, no. 3
317--326
EN
The completion of ECDIS mandatory implementation period on-board SOLAS vessels requires certain operational, functional and educational gaping holes to be solved. It especially refers to positioning and its redundancy, which represents fundamental safety factor on-board navigating vessels. The proposed paper deals with primary and secondary positioning used in ECDIS system. Standard positioning methods are described, discussing possibilities of obtained positions’ automatic and manual implementation in ECDIS, beside default methods. With the aim of emphasizing the need and importance of using secondary positioning source in ECDIS, positioning issue from the standpoint of end-users was elaborated, representing a practical feedback of elaborated topic. The survey was conducted in the form of international questionnaire placed among OOWs, ranging from apprentice officers to captains. The result answers and discussion regarding (non)usage of secondary positioning sources in ECDIS were analysed and presented. Answers and statements were elaborated focusing not only in usage of the secondary positioning system in ECDIS, but in navigation in general. The study revealed potential risks arising from the lack of knowledge and even negligence. The paper concludes with summary of findings related to discrepancies between theoretical background, good seamanship practice and real actions taken by OOWs. Further research activities are pointed out, together with planned practical actions in raising awareness regarding navigation with ECDIS.
5
Content available Receiver of Doppler multistatic system for moving target detection and tracking
Ostrowski Z. J.
Hydroacoustics
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2015
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Vol. 18
141-152
EN
The article presents a method for solving major structural problems that occur in the receiver used in the multistatic Doppler system, aimed at determination of the trajectory and velocity of a moving target. In the system two transmitters emit acoustic continuous sinusoidal waves at different frequencies. The signals, scattered from a moving target are received by four hydrophones. Beside of the echoes, much larger signals coming directly from transmitters are recorded. It has been proved that in the presence of the direct high-amplitude signal, using currently available A/D converters, there is no possibility to detect the Doppler shift of small signals. The proposed approach is based on the homodyne frequency conversion of the received signals. Subsequently, the constant component and other unwanted products of the frequency conversion are filtered. The results of computer simulation have shown the effectiveness of the adopted design solution.
6
Content available remote System pozycjonowania baterii fotowoltaicznych
Nowak M., Krawiec P.
Pojazdy Szynowe
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2014
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Nr 4
47--49
PL
W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję automatycznego układu nadążnego umożliwiającego pozycjonowanie baterii fotogalwanicznych względem słońca. Położenie ziemi wobec słońca jest zmienne i zależne od pory roku oraz dnia. W celu absorpcji jak największej części energii emitowanej przez słońce, konieczne jest zastosowanie aktywnego systemu śledzenia. Przedstawione w artykule rozwiązanie ma na celu podniesienie wydajności baterii fotowoltaicznych lub kolektorów słonecznych. W pracy wskazano przykłady i możliwości zastosowania baterii słonecznych w pojazdach szynowych.
EN
The paper presents the concept of auto-positioning the following system enabling the positioning of the photovoltaic batteries relative to the sun. Location of the earth to the sun is variable and dependent on the season and day. In order to absorb the largest part of energy emitted by the sun it is necessary to apply the active tracking system. The aim of solution presented in this article is improving the efficiency of photovoltaic batteries or solar panels. The examples and applicability of solar panels in rail vehicles are identified in the study.
7
Content available A novel type of piezoactuated micropositioning system - simulation and experimental tests
Bojko T., Grzanka M., Rejmer W.
Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka
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2013
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R. 17, nr 2
395-400
EN
A study of the novel type of piezoelectric actuated micropositioning system for pick-and-place type applications is reported. The objective of this work is to present mechanical design of micropositioning system, simulation test of main mechanical parts and to verify simulation test by real experiment. It also mentions the study of selected aspects of actuation system based on flexible joints and piezostack actuators, FEA simulations of flexible joints, connections and interactions between mechanical parts, and modular design of micropositioning system is also mentioned. Finally experimental results of individual mechanical modules are reported.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano nowy typ piezoelektrycznie napędzanego urządzenia mikropozycjonującego do zastosowania w operacjach typu pobierz-odłóż (pick-and-place). Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie konstrukcji mechanicznej, przedstawienie badań symulacyjnych głównych elementów składowych, a także weryfikacja testów symulacyjnych przez eksperyment. Przedstawione zostały także wybrane aspekty układu napędowego, pracującego w oparciu o napęd piezoelektryczny i elastyczne przeguby złączowe typu flexures, a także wybrane aspekty związane z modelowaniem przy pomocy metody elementów skończonych MES, współpracy pomiędzy elementami mechanicznymi, oraz budowa modułowa urządzenia. W podsumowaniu przedstawiono wyniki testów eksperymentalnych wykonanego prototypu.
8
Content available Implementation of a system of the mobile terminal position tracking using Google Maps
Pluta S.
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
|
2013
|
Vol. 11
478--484
EN
The article describes how to implement part of the tasks of geolocation system and mobile data terminal registration related to servicing tasks by a central node. The entire system consists of two parts. The first part - mobile node, is situated on the side of the user, who uses the mobile data terminal equipped with GPS module and connected to the Internet, e.g. through GPRS system. The second part of the system (central node) is responsible for collecting essential data from the database, processing it, and displaying current position of the device along with additional information (time, speed) on a map from Google Maps resources. The article describes the rules of implementing Google Maps API - programming interface which allows using Google Maps on websites. Google Maps API allows for integrating a fully functional map on a website, including the features for handling events connected with the mobile data terminals geolocation process.
9
Content available Ściśle zintegrowany system pozycjonowania pojazdu lądowego DR/GNSS
Kaniewski P., Konatowski S.
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
|
2012
|
R. 19, nr 9
987--994, CD
PL
W artykule opisano system pozycjonujący DR/GNSS, zintegrowany metodą filtracji pośredniej (kompensacji), przeznaczony do zastosowania w pojazdach lądowych. System ten, składający się z podsystemu nawigacji zliczeniowej DR i odbiornika GNSS należy do grupy systemów ściśle zintegrowanych i zawiera pojedynczy scentralizowany algorytm filtracji Kalmana. W artykule przedstawiono budowę systemu, jego model matematyczny i algorytm filtracji. Opracowanie zawiera również wyniki badań symulacyjnych systemu DR/GNSS wraz z ich dyskusją.
EN
The paper presents a DR/GNSS positioning system, integrated with use of indirect filtration (compensation) method, intended for land vehicles. The system composed of a dead-reckoning subsystem (DR) and a GNSS receiver belongs to the group of tightly coupled systems and contains only one centralized Kalman filter. The paper presents the structure of DR/GNSS system, its mathematical model and explains the rules of operation of the filtering algorithm. Chosen simulation results of tightly coupled DR/GNSS system and their discussion are included.
10
Content available remote Aplikacja zrealizowana przez ANIRO Grupa Handlowa. Modernizacja maszyny do wiercenia w szkle w oparciu o serwonapędy LS Mecapion
Kmieciak R.
Napędy i Sterowanie
|
2012
|
R. 14, nr 3
40-41
PL
W artykule opisano modernizację maszyny do wiercenia w szkle. Modernizacja polegała na zastąpieniu istniejącego, ręcznego układu pozycjonowania układem pozycjonowania automatycznego opartego na produktach koreańskiej firmy LS Mecapion. Testy przeprowadzone po modernizacji wykazały poprawność działania nowego układu, zgodnie z założonymi wymaganiami dotyczącymi dokładności pozycjonowania.
11
Content available Testing of a Device for Positioning Measuring Microphones in Anechoic and Reverberation Chambers
Felis J., Flach A., Kamisiński T.
Archives of Acoustics
|
2012
|
Vol. 37, No. 2
245-250
EN
This paper presents a mechanical positioning system for a measuring microphone designed for acoustic studies in anechoic and reverberation chambers at the Department of Mechanics and Vibroacoustics, AGH. The results are discussed in the context of mechanical positioning and its impact on the outcome of the execution of individual measurement procedures. Moreover, areas for research were identified and solution concepts shown for further development of the automation of acoustic measurements in different research rooms in order to reduce the human involvement in them.
12
Content available remote Recent Advances in Wide Area Real -Time Precise Positioning
Lapucha D., Jong K., Liu X., Oerpen O., Vigen E.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2011
|
Vol. 5, no. 1
87--92
EN
This paper describes briefly new high precision wide area real time positioning systems, dis-cusses their evolution, implementation and presents recent results. In the latter part the paper is primarily fo-cused on discussing the benefits of GLONASS augmented high precision positioning.
13
Content available remote Ground-based, Hyperbolic Radiolocation System with Spread Spectrum Signal - AEGIR
Ambroziak S. J., Katulski R. J., Sadowski J., Stefański J., Siwicki W.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2011
|
Vol. 5, no. 2
233--238
EN
At present the most popular radiolocation system in the world is Global Positioning System (GPS).As it is managed by the Department of Defence of the U.S.A., there is always the risk of the occasional inaccuracies or deliberate insertion of errors, therefore this system can not be used by secret services or ar-mies of countries other than the U.S.A. This situation has engender a need for development of an autono-mous, ground-based radiolocation system, based on the hyperbolic system with spread spectrum signals. This article describes the construction and operation of such a system technology demonstrator which was devel-oped at the Technical University of Gdansk. It was named AEGIR (god of the ocean in Norse mythology). This paper presents preliminary results and analysis of its effectiveness.
14
Content available remote Fuzzy Evidence in Terrestrial Navigation
Filipowicz W.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2011
|
Vol. 5, no. 2
225--232
EN
Measurements taken in terrestrial navigation are random values. Mean errors are within certain ranges what means imprecision in their estimation. Measurements taken to different landmarks can be subjec-tively diversified. Measurements errors affect isolines deflections. The type of the relation: observation error – line of position deflection, depends on isolines gradients. All the mentioned factors contribute to an overall evidence to be considered once vessel’s position is being fixed. Traditional approach is limited in its ability of considering mentioned factors while making a fix. In order to include evidence into a calculation scheme one has to engage new ideas and methods. Mathematical Theory of Evidence extended for fuzzy environment proved to be universal platform for wide variety of new solutions in navigation.
15
Content available remote Assessing the Limits of eLoran Positioning Accuracy
Safar J., Vejrazka F., Williams P.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2011
|
Vol. 5, no. 1
93--101
EN
Enhanced Loran (eLoran) is the latest in the longstanding and proven series of low frequency, LOng-RAnge Navigation systems. eLoran evolved from Loran-C in response to the 2001 Volpe Report on GPS vulnerability. The next generation of the Loran systems, eLoran, improves upon Loran-C through en-hancements in equipment, transmitted signal, and operating procedures. The improvements allow eLoran to provide better performance and additional services when compared to Loran-C, and enable eLoran to serve as a backup to satellite navigation in many important applications. The Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU) participates in the eLoran research activities coordinated by the General Lighthouse Authorities of the United Kingdom and Ireland (GLAs). In our work we have focused on questions that arise when considering introducing new eLoran stations into an existing network. In particular, this paper explores the issue of Cross-Rate Interference (CRI) among eLoran transmissions and possible ways of its mitigation at the receiver end. An eLoran receiver performance model is presented and validated using an experimental eLoran signal simu-lator developed by a joint effort of CTU and GLAs. The resulting model is used to evaluate the achievable positioning accuracy of eLoran over the British Isles.
16
Content available remote An Algorithmic Study on Positioning and Directional System by Free Gyros
Jeong T., Park S. C.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2011
|
Vol. 5, no. 3
297--302
EN
The authors aim to establish the theory necessary for developing free gyro positioning system and focus on measuring the nadir angle by using the motion rate of a free gyro. The azimuth of a gyro vector from the North can be given by using the property of the free gyro. The motion rate of the spin axis in the gy-ro frame is transformed into the platform frame and again into the NED (north-east-down) navigation frame. The nadir angle of a gyro vector is obtained by using the North components of the motion rate of the spin axis in the NED frame. The component has to be transformed into the horizontal component of the gyro by using the azimuth of the gyro vector and then has to be integrated over the sampling interval. Meanwhile the au-thors suggest north-finding principle by the angular velocity of the earth’s rotation. That is, ship's heading is obtained by using the fore-and-aft and athwartship components of the motion rate of the spin axis in the NED frame.
17
Content available Zastosowanie enkoderów inkrementalnych w systemach odwzorowania położenia kabiny dźwigu osobowego w szybie
Kolano K.
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
|
2010
|
R. 56, nr 5
433-436
PL
Kluczowym elementem układu sterowania dźwigu osobowego jest kontrola odwzorowania położenia kabiny w szybie. Najczęściej stosowanym rozwiązaniem jest system oparty na zestawie zamontowanych na prowadnicach dźwigu magnesów oraz umieszczonych na kabinie kontaktronów, reagujących na ich obecność w strefie zadziałania. Proces sterowania pracą dźwigu jest oparty o eksperymentalny dobór odpowiedniego położenia magnesów, co znacznie wydłuża i utrudnia proces jego instalacji. W artykule przedstawiono nowe rozwiązanie systemu odwzorowania położenia kabiny w szybie z użyciem enkodera inkrementalnego, który wykorzystując minimalną liczbę czujników może dokładnie pozycjonować kabinę w szybie.
EN
Modern lift drive systems are very sophisticated and allow affecting almost any part of the speed curve to achieve the desirable level of passenger comfort. A user interface clearly provides all information according to the passenger needs. Mechanical and electrical construction is optimised to meet all the designer requirements. Unfortunately, there are still many problems with the magnetic positioning system in passengers lifts, especially in old buildings. The problems caused by malfunction of sensors and levelling accuracy with variable loads are often met. Also the installation and maintenance time is much longer than that in modern positioning systems which use absolute encoders. Despite all advantages, encoder based positioning systems are not widely used because of their cost. A rotary encoder, also called a shaft encoder, is an electro-mechanical device that converts the angular position of a shaft or axle to an analog or digital code, making it an angle transducer. Rotary encoders are used in many applications that require precise shaft rotation-including industrial controls, robotics, expensive photographic lenses, computer input devices (such as optomechanical mice and trackballs), and rotating radar platforms. A traditional incremental encoder works differently by providing an A and B pulse outputs which deliver no usable count information in their own right. Rather, the counting is done in the external electronics. The point where the counting begins depends on the counter in the external electronics and not on the encoder position. To provide useful position information, the encoder position must be referenced to the device to which it is attached, generally using an index pulse. The distinguishing feature of the incremental encoder is that it reports an incremental change in position of the encoder to the counting electronics. This paper describes a prototype of the positioning system using a popular incremental encoder supported by two sets of induction sensors and a specialised microcontroller unit.
18
Badanie efektu przesunięcia środka fazowego anten w systemie lokalizacyjnym
Bajurko P., Bury M., Yashchyshyn Y., Kurek K.
Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
|
2009
|
nr 6
223-226
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań efektu przesunięcia środka fazowego anten, który może wystąpić, gdy antena zostanie umieszczona w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie przewodzących obiektów. Badania przeprowadzono dla dwóch anten o różnych charakterystykach kierunkowych i polaryzacyjnych, zaprojektowanych dla systemu lokalizacyjnego.
EN
Paper presents the experiments with the antenna phase centre misplacement that occurs in the neighbourhood of the metal objects, and its impact on the accuracy in a local positioning system. Experiments were performed for two types of antennas, one with the linear and one with the elliptical polarization.
19
Content available EGNOS Status and Performance in the Context of Marine Navigation Requirements
Cydejko J.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2008
|
Vol. 2, no. 3
229--234
EN
The current status of EGNOS (December 2006) is described as Initial Operations Phase and the EGNOS Open Service is just about to be formally declared as available for non-safety of life service. In meanwhile the EGNOS Signal in Space is provided almost in its nominal level and delivering, when available, the nominal system performance. New positioning technologies, such as EGNOS in Europe, create a new quality in marine navigation and bring further improvement of the maritime transport safety. It may be expected that very soon EGNOS will find significant interest among the maritime community serving as the augmentation system in the maritime transport applications of GNSS. The paper discusses the EGNOS status and the expected EGNOS performance in the context of marine navigation requirements. The system performance analysis is backed with the study of the various field tests results where the EGNOS positioning performance was verified by author in the experimental way.
20
Content available An Effect of Urban Development on the Accuracy of the GPS/EGNOS System
Bober R., Szewczuk T., Wolski A.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2008
|
Vol. 2, no. 3
235--238
EN
This article presents the results of research into the accuracy of position determination by a GPS/EGNOS system in a densely built-up residential area. These results are compared with the relevant results obtained for a position in an open area.
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