Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Selected polynomial identification techniques to evaluate maritime transport trends around Covid-19

Borucka Anna, Kozłowski Edward

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 120

51--68

EN

The Covid-19 pandemic has drastically affected the transport sector, because of the restrictions introduced to limit the spread of the threat. They concerned primarily passenger traffic, but trade in goods also faced completely new challenges, related to increased consumption and the dynamic development of e-commerce on the one hand and restrictions related to the pandemic and sealing borders on the other. One of the most susceptible to fluctuations in international trade is the maritime economy, which has been analysed in this article. It was checked how the global threat affected sea traffic in terms of gross weight of goods handled in main ports. The aim of the study was to characterize the impact of the pandemic on sea transport depending on the type of ship and to evaluate the current state of sea transport in the context of the level shaped by forecasts based on observations from before the coronavirus pandemic. The authors' assumption was to check whether the rail transport market has already reached the level it could reach in the absence of the virus threat. The use of a polynomial function was proposed for the study. Time series containing observations up to the outbreak of the pandemic and forecasts based on them, as well as time series containing additional observations from the pandemic period were analysed. The study results obtained allowed to conclude how the global crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic affected the cargo traffic in the sea transport, expressed by the mass of goods transshipped in major ports, depending on the individual types of ships.

2

Reverse logistics of e-commerce as a challenge for the CEP industry

Skurpel Dagmara, Wodnicka Monika

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 170

457--480

EN

Purpose: The aim of this article is presenting the CEP market from the perspective of the development of reverse logistics in e-commerce, which has recently played an important role both from the perspective of the customer and the companies. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on the analysis of literature, results of secondary research and own research conducted in 2017, 2019 and 2021 among online shops and in 2021 among CEP companies. A survey of Polish e-commerce and courier companies using the CAWI technique was conducted to gather information on the behaviours, expectations and attitudes of e-customers towards making purchases and returning goods in order to identify challenges for the CEP market. Findings: As can be seen from the data analysis, the growth of the CEP industry during the Covid-19 pandemic is undeniable and is the result of the development of e-commerce and returns services. The average annual growth of courier services by 2025 in the Asia-Pacific area will be 10.8%, in America Sem. - 5.2%, in Europe - 5.1%, and in Poland - between 7-8%. The industry therefore has to deal with an increasing number of orders resulting from online shopping, new customer expectations related to security, or the reduction of direct contact. Research limitations/implications: The return policy in e-commerce is still a growing topic, which is the biggest challenge for both online stores and courier companies. The conducted research is a starting point for further analyzes regarding: e-customers' expectations regarding the level of service in the area of returns, cooperation between entities from the CEP industry and online stores, or the automation and support of reverse logistics processes in the CEP industry. Practical implications: The presented research results can serve as a source of knowledge for e-commerce entities as a foundation for building a competitive advantage on the market. For courier companies, they are the starting point for designing processes dedicated to handling return logistics for e-commerce. Originality/value: The covid-19 pandemic contributed to the acceleration of the development of the e-commerce market around the world faster than specialists had predicted. This situation forced the KEP industry to redefine the processes so as to adapt them to the new reality and respond to the growing requirements of the client. However, as the volume of online purchases increased, so did the volume of returns, which has always been a challenge for e-commerce. The conducted research showed through which activities the KEP industry redefined its role in the electronic trade.

3

Mobile buying bahavior during the Covid-19 pandemic –the case of Poland

Fernando Kelaniyage Shihan Dilruk, Misiak-Kwit Sandra

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 173

131--143

EN

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to understand the mobile buying behavior of Polish respondents in terms of the number of transactions per month during the Covid-19 pandemic time. The respondents' gender and place of residence were taken into consideration as chosen socio-demographic characteristics. Design/methodology/approach: The field survey method was applied to collect the primary data. Descriptive and inferential statistics that include the matched-pair test, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and the chi-square test of independence were applied for the primary data analysis. Findings: According to the chi-square test of independence, such socio-demographic characteristics as gender, place of residence, women’s place of residence and men’s place of residence in relation to mobile buying behavior are independent. The results of the matched-pair test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test in the large and medium cities show that there is a significant difference in the average number of mobile shopping transactions per month before and during pandemic time. Research limitations/implications: The authors suggest conducting the same analysis with a larger sample size to generalize the phenomena. Practical implications: In order to stay competitive on the market, enterprises should constantly develop mobile distribution channels. Moreover, while communicating with a mobile shopper, enterprises can create similar messages, despite the gender and / or place of residence of the receivers. Originality/value: The findings will be helpful to FMCG-related marketing decision-makers and mobile shopping-related app developers.

4

Environmental strategies of energy companies during the COVID-19 pandemic

Widyanti Rahmi, Włodarczyk Aneta

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2023

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Vol. 28. No. 1

380--396

EN

This paper focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on energy companies in terms of implementing their environmental strategies and continuing the low-emission transformation of their generating units in conditions of their financial results' instability. Nonlinear panel model is estimated for energy companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, whose generations units have been included in EU ETS in the years 2009-2021. The estimation results indicate the existence of a U-shaped relationship between the CO2 intensity observed one year earlier and current asset returns, which can be explained by the 'too-little-of-a-good-thing' effect. It indicates that companies with proactive environmental strategies that are intensively involved in the low-carbon transformation processes of energygenerating facilities achieve increasingly better financial performance. The inclusion of pandemic shocks in the modelling has not changed the shape of the CEP-CFP relationship, but it has been observed that during this period, carbon-intensive energy companies achieved lower returns on assets. A new environmental variable was considered, namely the emission to allowances index, which, together with the variable describing the share of renewable energy in energy production, informs about the degree of low-emission transformation of electricity generation.

PL

W artykule oceniono wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na przedsiębiorstwa energetyczne w zakresie realizacji strategii środowiskowych i kontynuacji niskoemisyjnej transformacji jednostek wytwórczych w warunkach niestabilności ich wyników finansowych. Skonstruowano i oszacowano nieliniowy model panelowy dla spółek energetycznych notowanych na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie, których jednostki wytwórcze zostały objęte systemem EU ETS w latach 2009-2021. Wyniki estymacji wskazują na istnienie zależności w kształcie litery U pomiędzy obserwowaną rok wcześniej intensywnością emisji CO2 a bieżącą stopą zwrotu z aktywów, co można wytłumaczyć efektem „za mało dobrych rzeczy” ('too-little-of-a-good-thing'). Wskazuje on, że firmy posiadające proaktywne strategie środowiskowe, intensywnie angażujące się w procesy niskoemisyjnej transformacji jednostek wytwórczych, osiągają coraz lepsze wyniki finansowe. Uwzględnienie w modelowaniu oddziaływania szoków pandemicznych nie zmieniło kształtu relacji CEP-CFP, jednak zaobserwowano, że w tym okresie przedsiębiorstwa energetyczne o wysokiej intensywności emisji CO2 osiągały niższe zwroty z aktywów. Do badania zaproponowano nową zmienną środowiskową, opisującą relację między rzeczywistą emisją spółek a przyznanymi darmowymi uprawnieniami do emisji, która wraz ze zmienną opisującą udział energii odnawialnej w produkcji energii, informuje o stopniu niskoemisyjnej transformacji przedsiębiorstw.

5

From social distancing to the financial and medical services disintermediation during the Covid-19 pandemic

Solarz Jan Krzysztof, Waliszewski Krzysztof

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 160

561--576

EN

Purpose of the article: In one sentence, disintermediation, it is said, neutralized the negative effects of the lack of trust that accrue from the use of a trusted third party, the intermediary. Disintermediation it is new system allowing any two willing parties to transact directly with each other without the need for a trusted party. Its conceptual framework focuses on posing key cognitive questions. The first core question to ask here is: how can we in intermediation after Global Financial Crisis? The second core question to ask is: how can humans blend disintermediation with policy norms to sustain disintermediation when they know that a minority can violate pandemic norms? Institutional experiences of disintermediation to individual-level social distancing, can sharpe individual beliefs, risk attitudes, and choices for years to come. The aim of the article is to indicate the mechanisms of conscious exclusion from traditional financial intermediation. Indirectly, it is gaining momentum as a result of distrust of banks and health services. In the first part, we remind you how successive financial crises crushed the banks ’natural monopoly on direct contact with customers. Tin the second part, we show how artificial intelligence penetrates people and enforces self-confidence. Social distinctions is ubiquitous in times of trust in social media. In conclusion, we show that the COVID-19 pandemic did not cause, but only exposed the scale of the social distance to traditional banking. Research methods: Narrative literature review of disintermediation discuss the state of the science of a specific theme from a theoretical and contextual point of view. We start with critical analysis of securitisation, switch to social distancing and transfer to telemedicine. Systematic literature review need replace disintermediation by digital transformation, social distancing by pandemic as catalyst of change, securitisation as equivalent of financial capital and telemedicine as equivalent of human capital. This is a conceptual article. Orginality/value: The pandemic has become a catalyst for the disclosure of long-term changes in financial intermediation. The tendency to financial mediation emerged half a century ago during the crisis of small and medium-sized banks in the United States. Collective memory has survived and has been used to advance digital non-banking intermediation. The barrier to its development was digital exclusion cantered around seniors and socially excluded people.

6

Analysis of the main trends in the hotel and restaurant industry of Ukraine under the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic

Husiatynska Nataliia, Husiatynskyi Mykola, Chorna Tetiana

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 160

245--260

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to research and analyze the main trends in the hotel and restaurant industry of Ukraine under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, to identify the main problems of business entities in the field of hospitality and to outline the prospects for its further development. Design/methodology/approach: In the research process, general scientific methods were used – information collection, its analytical processing, theoretical generalization and comparison; graphic method – to illustrate the dynamics of the indicators studied in the work. The object of the study is the activity of enterprises of the hotel and restaurant industry in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the functioning of domestic enterprises of the hotel and restaurant business in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The information base of the research became theoretical and methodological developments of domestic and foreign authors, materials of periodicals; statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine; research of the Association of Hotels and Resorts of Ukraine (UHRA); informational materials of the National Tourist Organization of Ukraine. Findings: The article provides an analysis of the efficiency of the hotel and restaurant business. In article is shown the negative impact of the pandemic on the development of the hotel and restaurant industry in Ukraine. The analysis of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic showed that the hotel and restaurant business needs the implementation of complex innovative approaches in various spheres of activity. Practical implications: Based on the analysis of the theoretical and methodological principles and trends in the development of the hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine during the pandemic, were summarized practical recommendations and were substantiated a measures aimed at overcoming the consequences of the crisis and improving the efficiency of the enterprises. Originality/value: The results of the conducted research will contribute to the improvement of the management system of hotel and restaurant business enterprises and increase their competitiveness on the domestic and international markets.

7

Przestrzenie coworkingowe w środowisku mieszkaniowym – studium przypadku

Kuropka Natalia

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

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2022

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nr 41

39--49

PL

W obliczu kolejnych fal pandemii wywołanych przez wirus Sars-CoV-2, zacierają się granice między pracą a domem. Innowacyjne przestrzenie pracy wydają się nowym kierunkiem, zarówno w architekturze biurowej, jak i w architekturze mieszkaniowej. W artykule omówiono zagadnienia przestrzeni coworkingowych w środowisku mieszkaniowym na nowo wybudowanych osiedlach: Nowa Letnica w Gdańsku oraz 33 Bond St. przy 300 Livingston Street w Brooklynie. Jako metodę badawczą zastosowano metodę komparatywną z wykorzystaniem narzędzi ankietowych w postaci schematów oraz wykresów słupkowych i kołowych. Wyniki badań stanowią odpowiedź na potrzeby pracowników mających zdalny tryb pracy oraz są podpowiedzią dla współczesnego budownictwa przy projektowaniu stref coworkingowych na osiedlach mieszkaniowych w okresie postpandemicznym. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zapełnienie luki badawczej w zakresie aranżacji przestrzeni coworkingowych, które nie odpowiadają potrzebom użytkowników.

EN

In the face of successive waves of the pandemic caused by the Sars-CoV-2 virus, the boundaries between work and home are blurred. Innovative workspaces seem to be a new direction, both in office architecture and in residential architecture. The article concerns the issue of coworking spaces in the residential environment of newly built housing estates. Nowa Letnica in Gdansk and 33 Bond St. at 300 Livingston Street in Brooklyn. As a research method, a comparative method was used using survey tools in the form of diagrams and bar and pie charts. The research results are a response to the needs of employees who work remotely and are a hint for modern construction when designing co-working zones in housing estates in the post-pandemic period. The aim of this article is to fill the research gap in the field of arranging coworking spaces that do not meet the needs of users.

8

Impact of Covid -19 pandemic on the hierarchy of motivating factors among sales department employees

Siejka Sylwia, Szajt Marek

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2022

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Vol. 26, No. 2

310--329

EN

The purpose of this study is to identify, assess and compare the hierarchy of motivating factors among sales department employees of Polish companies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study examines the COVID-19 pandemic as a specific and unprecedented crisis we had not encountered on such a scale before. The study used a survey questionnaire, the results of which were analysed using methods from multivariate statistical analysis. A decrease in respondents’ preferences for motivating factors related to the work team, the atmosphere at work and employee benefits, and a substantial increase in the importance of employment security have been observed. Attractive remuneration has retained its high position in the hierarchy of motivating factors from the time before the COVID-19 pandemic. From the point of view of a company’s surviving the crisis, sales department employees are its key assets. Understanding the changes in motivating factors caused by an unstable environment may be very useful to managers in creating effective and practical tools for motivating employees.

PL

Celem badania jest identyfikacja i ocena porównawcza hierarchii ważności czynników motywujących do pracy pracowników działów sprzedaży polskich firm w odniesieniu do sytuacji przed i w trakcie pandemii COVID-19. Rozpatrujemy tu pandemię COVID-19 jako specyficzną i bezprecedensową sytuację kryzysową, z którą nie mieliśmy do czynienia na taką skalę. W badaniu wykorzystano kwestionariusz ankietowy, którego wyniki przeanalizowano z wykorzystaniem metod z obszaru wielowymiarowej analizy statystycznej. Stwierdzono spadek preferencji respondentów w czynnikach motywacyjnych dotyczących zespołu, atmosfery w pracy i dodatkowych świadczeń pozapłacowych (benefitów pracowniczych) oraz istotny wzrost znaczenia bezpieczeństwa i pewności zatrudnienia. Atrakcyjne wynagrodzenie utrzymuje swoją wysoką pozycję ważności zarówno przed, jak i w trakcie trwania pandemii COVID-19. Pracownicy działu sprzedaży z punktu widzenia przetrwania firmy w czasie kryzysu, stanowią kluczowy zasób firmy. Wiedza na temat zmienności czynników motywujących pod wpływem niestabilnego otoczenia może stanowić ogromną wartość dla menedżerów w tworzeniu skutecznych narzędzi motywowania pracowników.

9

Challenges for HRM in a crisis of covid-19 – case study of the catering industry in Poland

Aleksander Aneta, Boguszewska Aneta

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

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2022

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nr 3

5--18

EN

Introduction/background: The public health crisis, which was the Covid-19 pandemic, made it necessary to introduce changes in the HRM (human resource management) process in almost all organizations and industries. One of the industries that felt the negative effects of the crisis in a very severe way was the catering industry. Both owners of catering enterprises as well as employees in the industry had to face the challenges posed by an unexpected crisis situation. Aim of the paper: The main aim of this paper was to identify human resource management challenges and activities in the catering industry in times of Covid-19 pandemic in Poland. Materials and methods: The work uses source material in the form of literature on the subject of the crisis, as well as available reports and studies that were created during and immediately after the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Primary research was carried out on the basis of a survey method. The questionnaire was distributed among the owners or managers of catering enterprises, as well as to industry’s employees. Results and conclusions: The pandemic was an unexpected phenomenon, and its effects left a significant mark on the processes related to human resource management. The catering industry turned out to be one of the most sensitive to such crises, which meant that many current employees decided to change their profession, and the owners and managers understood the need to both diversify activities and services provided, as well as the need to introduce changes in areas directly related to human resources management. The pandemic also increased awareness of the role and the importance of qualified, competent, motivated and committed staff in overcoming crises and achieving the success of the company.

10

In the management of electronic public services in the metropolis during the Covid-19 pandemic

Kuzior Aleksandra, Mańka-Szulik Małgorzata, Krawczyk Dariusz

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 24, No. 2

261--275

EN

The Covid-19 pandemic has radically affected social and organizational behavior. The aim of the article is to indicate the number and scope of public services provided electronically during the Covid-19 pandemic. Research in this area has not been conducted so far. The authors give answer to the research question on how the limitations of social mobility during the pandemic contributed to the use of public services provided electronically. The research was carried out using the methods of a classic telephone interview and a questionnaire directed to a deliberately selected research sample. As a result of the study it was found that these limitations generated a radical increase in the number of e-services delivered by local government administration and the need to verify the methods of information management and communication with the society used so far. The trend may turn out to be much more persistent than the sanitary restrictions that triggered it. Local government units that were the subject to the study recorded an increase in the number of public services provided with use of the Electronic Platform of Public Administration Services (ePUAP) by 170.8% in 2020 compared to the number before the pandemic in 2019.

PL

Pandemia Covid-19 radykalnie wpłynęła na zachowania społeczne i organizacyjne. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie liczby i zakresu usług publicznych świadczonych drogą elektroniczną podczas pandemii Covid-19. Badania w tym zakresie nie były dotychczas prowadzone. Autorzy odpowiadają na pytanie badawcze, w jaki sposób ograniczenia mobilności społecznej podczas pandemii przyczyniły się do korzystania z usług publicznych świadczonych drogą elektroniczną. Badanie przeprowadzono metodą klasycznego wywiadu telefonicznego oraz kwestionariusza skierowanego do celowo dobranej próby badawczej. W wyniku badania stwierdzono, że ograniczenia te spowodowały radykalny wzrost liczby e-usług świadczonych przez administrację samorządową oraz konieczność weryfikacji dotychczas stosowanych metod zarządzania informacją i komunikacji ze społeczeństwem. Trend może okazać się znacznie trwalszy niż ograniczenia sanitarne, które go wywołały. Badane jednostki samorządu terytorialnego odnotowały w 2020 roku wzrost liczby usług publicznych świadczonych z wykorzystaniem Elektronicznej Platformy Usług Administracji Publicznej (ePUAP) o 170,8% w stosunku do liczby sprzed pandemii w 2019 roku.