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1

Mapping of Urbanized Territories Noise Level as a Basis for Developing a Complex of Noise-Reducing Measures

Davydova Iryna, Korbut Mariia, Malovanyy Myroslav, Shlapak Volodymyr, Mamray Vasyl, Korobiichuk Valentyn

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 6

32--41

EN

In modern conditions of urban areas development, the importance of protection against noise is increasing. Measures to reduce noise levels in the city’s districts should be comprehensive and combine both organizational and architectural-construction and engineering-technological measures. To determine the most optimal combination of countermeasures, it is necessary to initially identify the sources of noise, determine their features and parameters. A complete basis for development of a set of noise reduction methods and means can be mapping of noise levels, which visually allows to determine the intensity and direction of sound spreading. One of the districts of Zhytomyr, which is isolated from other parts of the city and is characterized by a developed infrastructure and heavy traffic, was chosen for noise measurements. Measurements were performed in areas characterized by uniformity of placement, coverage of all functional areas and ability to measure the noise level both at the source of its formation and within the residential area. Based on statistical processing of the experimental data cartographic models of spatial spread of noise pollution are developed. According to the results of the research, zones with different levels of noise pollution were identified. The created map allows to choose the most optimal measures to reduce noise exposure, taking into account the characteristics of each residential area. The design noise level was determined taking into account the measures and noise map was created. The estimated efficiency of the developed measures allows to reduce the total noise level inside the district by 7–8 dB.

2

Evaluation of Noise Pollution in Bengaluru City, India During COVID-19 Pandemic

Anjum Saima, Kumari Anupma

Archives of Acoustics

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2022

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Vol. 47, No. 2

131--140

EN

Most of the Indian cities and towns have been facing serious traffic noise pollution due to urbanization, substantial growth of new vehicles, inadequate road network, etc. Automotive traffic, railroads, and air traffic are the most common sources of noise pollution in cities, with vehicular traffic accounting for around 55% of overall metropolitan noise. Prolonged exposure to such loud noise causes anger, stress, mental diseases, discomfort, hypertension, concentration problems, and sleeplessness. This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 societal lockdown on changes in the noise pollution levels before, during, and after the lockdown period in various industrial, commercial, residential, and silence zones in Bengaluru, India, in light of the recent imposition of COVID-19 societal lockdown. According to data acquired from the KSPCB (Karnataka State Pollution Control Board) online portal, the average noise levels before and during lockdown were determined to be in the range of 59.4 dB to 70.9 dB and 58.2 dB to 62.7 dB for different zones. During the lockdown, all commercial, industrial and educational activities were closed to limit the spread of infection, resulting in usage of private and commercial transportation declining dramatically. Reduction in the noise level was observed during the lockdown in all monitoring stations of Bengaluru, except for Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, where the noise level didn’t decline because of a COVID emergency. Maximum reduction was observed in the commercial area (11.56%) followed by industrial areas (8.34%). The result further indicated that only the industrial area experienced an increase of 8.41% in noise level, while other areas experienced a reduction in a noise level during the early post-lockdown. During the mid and late post-lockdown periods, most locations experienced a rapid spike in the noise intensity.

3

Effects of 432 Hz and 440 Hz Sound Frequencies on the Heart Rate, Egg Number and Survival Parameters in Water Flea (Daphnia magna)

Yağcılar Çetin, Yardımcı Mehmet

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 4

119--125

EN

The noise pollution caused by anthropogenic activities in the aquatic environment negatively affects aquatic organisms like mammals, fish, crustaceans, and even plankton, which are important for the aquatic ecosystem. This study was conducted to examine the effect of lethal and sub-lethal effects of high-frequency sound exposure on Daphnia magna aiming to obtain more detailed scientific information. For this purpose, a total of 150 gynandromorphic daphnids were randomly selected, sorted equally into 440 Hz, 432 Hz, and control groups, and high-frequency sounds were applied in aquatic conditions. During the 35-day trial period, the heartbeats, and egg numbers were counted whereas the survival rates were recorded. The results showed that the high-frequency sound exposure immediately showed its detrimental effect on heartbeats after a short adaptation period in the 440 Hz group and the average values decreased to half of the normal values. In the 432 Hz group, heartbeats first increased, and this level was maintained for a while, but then a significant decrease was observed. Regarding the egg numbers, an increasing trend was observed in the 432 Hz group until the 5th measurement period which resulted in a sharp decrease. In the 440 Hz group, lower values with almost no increase were recorded, except for the first measurement period, but no eggs were found in the 55th measurement. Interestingly, while no death was noted during the measurement periods, no living daphnia was observed in the 440 Hz group within 2 weeks during the non-measurement period. As a result, it was understood that Daphnia perceives the vibrations produced by high-frequency sound in the aquatic environment as a stressor and cannot cope with its detrimental effects after a certain time depending on intensity and duration. While the 440 Hz frequency noise caused infertility, the 432 Hz frequency noise resulted in lower egg numbers and heartbeats.

4

Ways of protection from noise pollution in railway and tramway infrastructure

Szabłowska Paulina, Rochel Maciej

Journal of civil engineering and transport

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2020

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Vol. 2, No. 1

35--45

EN

The paper presents various ways of protection from traffic noise used in railway infrastructure in Poland. The sources of noise in rail and tram transport were discussed. Also commonly found solutions on the railway network were analyzed such as noise barriers and rail dampers. Modern tram surfaces have been presented as one of the noise protection methods in the tram infrastructure. In the tram infrastructure a noise protection method was presented in the form of tram track lubricators on sharp curves. In addition, the effectiveness of noise protection methods was assessed on the basis of tests and research.

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano sposoby ochrony przed hałasem komunikacyjnym stosowane w infrastrukturze szynowej na terenie Polski. Omówiono jakie są źródła hałasu w transporcie kolejowym i tramwajowym. Przeanalizowano rozwiązania powszechnie spotykane na sieci kolejowej takie jak ekrany akustyczne i tłumiki szynowe. W ramach infrastruktury tramwajowej przedstawiono metodę ochrony przed hałasem w postaci smarownic torowych na łukach o małych promieniach. Dodatkowo omówiono nowoczesne nawierzchnie tramwajowe, które mogą redukować hałas. Na koniec dokonano oceny skuteczności metod ochrony przed hałasem w infrastrukturze tramwajowej na podstawie testów i badań.

5

Traffic-related noise pollution in the town of Szczecinek (Poland)

Samołyk Mariusz, Tylkowski Jacek

Geography and Tourism

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2018

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Vol. 6, No. 2

139--145

EN

Increased intensity of automotive traffic has a negative impact on the human body, and on the safety and comfort of living. The hazards of transportation are primarily associated with road accidents, air pollution, noise and transport blockages. The present study includes a temporal and spatial analysis of the intensity of traffic-related noise in the summer season of 2015 in the tourist part of the town of Szczecinek. In addition, it includes a comparative analysis of the noise levels and traffic volumes in Szczecinek against the background of the village of Iwin. Assessment of noise pollution was carried out at a total of 37 different sites, both on working days and at weekends. A spatial image of noise intensity in the central part of Szczecinek was obtained, and sites with excessive levels of traffic noise were flagged. These locations are particularly burdensome to residents and cause a decrease in the tourist value of the city. Our tests confirmed the advisability of building a beltway for Szczecinek.

6

Incorporation of Resonators Into Plenum Window

Lee H. M., Haris A., Lim K. M., Xie J., Lee H. P.

Archives of Acoustics

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2018

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Vol. 43, No. 4

739--746

EN

A plenum window with incorporation of Helmholtz resonators in between two glass panes was tested in a reverberation room. The effects of jagged flap on reducing strength of diffracted sound was also investigated in the present studies where white, traffic and construction noises were examined Turing each set of experiment. When the noise source was located at the central line of the plenum window, the plenum window with Helmholtz resonators was able to mitigate 8.5 dBA, 8.9 dBA and 8.2 dBA of white, traffic and construction noises, respectively, compared with the case of without window. These amounts of noises that attenuated by the plenum window were slightly higher than the case where noise source was diverged 30° away from the plenum window. The effects of jagged flaps on the acoustical performance of the plenum window were negligible. The Helmholtz resonators had the best performance in the frequency region between 900 Hz to 1300 Hz where in this frequency range, the plenum window with Helmholtz resonators was able to attenuate additional 1.7 dBA, 1.9 dBA and 1.6 dBA of white, traffic and construction noises, respectively, compared with the case of without resonators.

7

Assessment of Heterogeneous Road Traffic Noise in Nagpur

Lokhande S. K., Pathak S. S., Kokate P. A., Dhawale S. A., Bodhe G. L.

Archives of Acoustics

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2018

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Vol. 43, No. 1

113--121

EN

The objective of the study is to assess the noise scenario and evaluate prediction model for heterogeneous traffic conditions. In the past few years, road traffic of Nagpur has increased significantly due to the rapid increase in the number of vehicles. Noise levels are monitored at six different squares, characterized as interrupted traffic flow due to traffic signals, high population density and heavy traffic where the major sources of noise are engines, exhausts, tires interacting with the road, horns, sound of gear boxes, breaks, etc. The A-weighted time-average sound levels (LAeq, T) are measured at the different time of day during peak and off-peak traffic hours. To assess the traffic noise more precisely, the noise descriptors such as L10, L50, L90, LAeq, T, TNI (Traffic Noise Index), NPL (Noise Pollution Level) and NC (Noise Climate) are used. In the present study, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) noise prediction model is used for prediction of noise levels and it is observed that one-hour duration measured LAeq, T ranged from 71 to 76 dB(A) and 71.6 to 76.3 dB(A) during peak and off peak hours respectively. Due to the heavy traffic the peak hour Sound Exposure Levels (LAE) at all locations are exceeding permissible limit of 70 dB(A) prescribed by the World Health Organization (W.H.O). Off-peak traffic hour noise levels are within permissible limit except at two locations, Jagnade and HB town square. Significant correlation was obtained when best fit lines generated between measured and predicted values gives R2 of 0.455 for all time intervals. Chi-Square test (X2) was also computed to investigate the noise levels at different squares. The results show that the inhabitants of Nagpur city are exposed to high transportation noise during daytime.

8

Zanieczyszczenia fizyczne: zagrożenia dla ekosystemów śródlądowych

Stradecka A.

Przegląd Techniczny : Gazeta Inżynierska

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2017

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nr 9-10

26--28

PL

artykuł omawia wpływ zanieczyszczeń fizycznych na stan wód śródlądowych oraz zamieszkujących je populacji zwierząt. Organizmy bytujące w wodach słodkich są wrażliwe na hałas, sztuczne oświetlenie nocą i nadmierne zmętnienie wody. W artykule przedstawione zostały akty prawne normujące poziomy zanieczyszczeń fizycznych w polskich wodach, a także sposoby zmniejszania presji czynników szkodliwych na środowisko.

EN

The following article describes the influence of physical pollutants on inland waters and their inhabitants. Studies show that freshwater organisms are susceptible to noise, artificial lighting at night and excess water turbidity. The article presents legal documents containing information on physical pollutant concentration in Polish waters and methods of reducing the negative influence of pollutants on the environment.

9

Zanieczyszczenia fizyczne: hałas i drgania

Stradecka A.

Przegląd Techniczny : Gazeta Inżynierska

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2017

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nr 7-8

22--24

PL

Artykuł przybliża tematykę zanieczyszczenia środowiska hałasem i wibracjami. Zanieczyszczenia te występują powszechnie w otoczeniu człowieka i mogą być przyczyną wielu zaburzeń psychicznych i fizycznych. Artykuł omawia ich wpływ na zdrowie człowieka i stan środowiska. Przedstawia sposoby redukcji ich poziomów oraz przeciwdziałania negatywnym skutkom ekspozycji.

EN

The following article presents the issue of noise and vibration pollution. These pollutants are commonly found in everyday surroundings and can be detrimental to human physical and mental state. The article describes how noise and vibration pollution affect human health and the environment. Presented are available methods of reducing the impact of the pollution and countermeasures lessening its impact.

10

Ocena świadomości mieszkańców obszaru Południowego Podlasia dotycząca wpływu zanieczyszczenia hałasem na najbliższe środowisko ogólne

Tokarski D., Grudniewski T., Żukiewicz-Sobczak W., Szepeluk A.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2017

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R. 18, nr 12

459--462, CD

PL

W artykule oceniano świadomość mieszkańców obszarów południowego Podlasia dotyczącą ekspozycji na hałas. Postawiona hipoteza ukazuje nadmierną emisję hałasu w najbliższym otoczeniu mieszkańców z określonych regionów. Badania miały na celu zbadanie skali hałasu jako zjawiska, a także zwrócenie uwagi na problem hałasu w otoczeniu. Przeprowadzono badania empiryczne metodą ankietową, ponadto zostały przeprowadzone pomiary wielkości fizycznych, które zostały wykonane za pomocą analizatora dźwięku oraz drgań typu SVAN 958. Pomiary przeprowadzono na terenach Południowego Podlasia w szczególności Radzyń Podlaski, Janów Podlaski, Łomazy, Terespol, Woskrzenice, Chotyłów, Rakowiska, Werchliś oraz Derło. Badania miały na celu zgłębienie tematyki dźwięków niepożądanych oraz przedstawienie problemu tego zjawiska.

EN

This article explores the awareness of the inhabitants of Southern Podlasie on exposure to noise. The hypothesis demonstrates the excessive emission of noise in the immediate vicinity of the inhabitants of specified regions. The study was aimed at investigating the scale of noise as a phenomenon, as well as drawing attention to the problem of noise in the environment. Measurements were carried out using a sound analyzer and vibration type SVAN 958. The measurements were carried out in the South Podlasie region, in particular Radzyń Podlaski, Janów Podlaski, Łomazy, Terespol, Woskrzenice, Chotyłów, Rakowiska, Werchliś and Derlo. The research was aimed at exploring themes of undesirable sounds and presenting the problem of this phenomenon.

11

Ocena zagrożenia źródłami hałasu na terenach specjalnych stref ekonomicznych i przemysłowych

Paszkowski W.

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

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2016

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z. 2 (14)

270--277

PL

Artykuł przedstawia zagadnienie problemowe zagrożenia źródłami hałasu w specyficznym środowisku pracy jakim są specjalne strefy ekonomiczne i strefy przemysłowe. W pierwszej jego części, wskazano na podobieństwo cech obiektów zlokalizowanych na tych terenach. Ponadto scharakteryzowano ilościowe podejście identyfikacji i oceny zagrożenia hałasem obiektów przemysłowych. W drugiej części artykułu, przedstawiono analizę możliwości przeprowadzenia oceny zagrożenia hałasem. W szczególności, zaproponowano uzupełnienie stosowanej dotychczas oceny ilościowej o ocenę jakościową związaną z kształtowaniem klimatu akustycznego. Takie podejście można traktować jako nowe zagadnienia badawcze, mające swoje zastosowanie m.in. w odniesieniu do specjalnych stref ekonomicznych i stref przemysłowych.

EN

The article presents the problematic issue hazard from noise sources in a specific working environment - special economic zones and industrial zones. In the first part, it was pointed to the similarity of objects features located on these areas. Furthermore, it was characterized the quantitative approach to identify and assessment of noise pollution of industrial facilities. In the second part of the article, it was presented analysis of possibility of the noise pollution assessment. In particular, it was proposed complement the previously used a quantitative assessment of the qualitative assessment related to shaping the acoustic climate. Such an approach can be considered as a new research issues, having their practical application, among others, in relation to special economic zones and industrial zones.

12

Ocena oddziaływania akustycznego strumienia ruchu

Sordyl J.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

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2015

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R. 22, nr 12

1402--1406, CD

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań poziomu hałasu komunikacyjnego rejestrowanego w otoczeniu drogi krajowej DK69 na odcinku łączącym miasta Bielsko-Biała i Żywiec. Do czasu otwarcia drogi ekspresowej S69 droga krajowa pełniła funkcję tranzytową. Badania przeprowadzono przed i po otwarciu drogi ekspresowej S69. Wyniki badań odniesiono do zarejestrowanych natężeń ruchu i udziału pojazdów ciężkich w strumieniu. Porównano także wyniki badań przeprowadzonych przed i po utracie funkcji tranzytowej przez badaną ulicę i zestawiono je z badaniami przeprowadzonymi na innym odcinku drogi. Celem pracy było podjęcie próby eksperymentalnego określenia zależności między parametrami ruchu, parametrami meteorologicznymi a powstającym w wyniku ruchu zanieczyszczeniem dźwiękowym (hałasem). Przeprowadzone badania stanowią jeden z kroków w kierunku pozyskania ogólnych założeń związanych ze sformułowaniem semiempirycznego modelu oddziaływania akustycznego strumienia ruchu drogowego.

EN

The paper presents research results of traffic noise level recorded in the national road DK69 between cities Bielsko-Biała and Żywiec. Until the opening of the ex-pressway S69 the national road had a transit function. The study was conducted before and after the opening of the expressway S69. Measured noise data were compared to the registered traffic flows and the share of heavy vehicles in the traffic flow. The results of research conducted before and after opening the expressway were also compared and checked against research results conducted on the other stretch of the road. The aim of the study was an experimental attempt to determine the correlation between traffic parameters, meteorological parameters and sound pollution created as a result of the traffic. The studies are at the first step towards obtaining general assumptions to the formulation of a semiempirical model of acoustic impact of traffic flow.

13

Noise in the industry – threat for health

Irimia A., Găman G. A., Simion S., Călămar A., Pupăzan D.

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2015

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nr 3 (19)

138--141

EN

The success of certain industrial activities bring both benefits and negative effects such as pollution, occupational diseases, exposure of workers and residents of neighboring areas and high risk in case of technological failure. An undesirable effect of industrial activity which may be considered a threat to workers and residents in the immediate vicinity of industrial sites is the noise. Due to the presence of technology in all activities, is a major problem considering its nature and harmful repercussions on health. Hearing loss and deafness caused by occupational exposure to noise at work are the most common occupational diseases that occur in the European Union. The development of modern technology by increasing the power and speed of the technical equipment, contributed to diversify and increase the number of sources of noise and vibration, and thus to increase the number of people exposed. This paper analyzes the effect of noise from industrial equipment and health risks.

PL

Sukces w działalności przemysłowych przynosi zarówno korzyści, jak i negatywne zjawiska, takie jak zanieczyszczenie, choroby zawodowe, ekspozycja pracowników bezpośrednich oraz sąsiedztwa zakładów przemysłowych na ryzyko związane z awariami, katastrofami technologicznymi. Niepożądanym efektem działalności przemysłowej, który może być uznany za zagrożenie dla pracowników oraz otoczenia zakładów jest hałas. Z uwagi na obecność technologii w większości działań, głównym problemem wynikającym z natury hałasu są jego negatywne skutki zdrowotne. Ubytek słuchu czy głuchota spowodowane ekspozycją na hałas w miejscu pracy są najczęściej występującymi chorobami zawodowymi w Unii Europejskiej. Rozwój nowoczesnej technologii poprzez wzrost wydajności i szybkości działania wyposażenia wpływa na dywersyfikację i wzrost liczby źródeł hałasu i wibracji a tym samym oddziałuje na większą liczbę osób. W artykule przedstawiono oddziaływanie hałasu pochodzącego z maszyn oraz zagrożenia zdrowotne.

14

Evaluation of traffic noise pollution in chosen sites in Krakow

Zuchnicka P., Korzeniowska J.

Logistyka

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2015

|

nr 4

9980--9986, CD3

EN

Traffic noise (car, rail and air transport) has an influence on human health and the comfort of human life. The human body experiences the harmful effect of traffic noise beginning at values slightly higher than hearing range. This effect involves excessive tiredness, drowsiness and discomfort. Equilibrium, psychomotor fitness and physiological functions may also be disturbed. Acoustic pressure higher than 140 dB causes permanent harmful changes in the human body. This study evaluated traffic noise pollution at three selected sites in Krakow. At the research sites, two sources of traffic noise were present: car and rail transport (trams). The sites were located in the city centre and in the outskirts of the city. The level of traffic noise was measured at three sites in Krakow (research site A: Teligi Street, research site B: Nowy Bieżanów tram balloon loop and research site C: Piłsudski Bridge) on different days of the week (Wednesday and Sunday) and during different times of the day (morning, afternoon and evening). The obtained results show that the level of traffic noise was the highest on the Piłsudski Bridge (research site C), where most of the values exceeded the permissible norms. The two remaining research sites (A: Teligi Street and B: Nowy Bieżanów tram balloon loop) shared similar levels of traffic noise which did not exceed the norm. A comparison of the level of traffic noise at the three research sites according to the day of the week and time of day showed that the level of noise was the highest on weekdays in the morning. During the weekend, the level of noise in the afternoon hours was higher than the value registered in the morning and evening hours. The lowest level of noise was registered at Teligi Street during the weekend in the evening hours, and the highest value was registered on the Piłsudski Bridge on weekdays in the morning hours.

15

Assessment of the living and workplace health and safety conditions of site-resident construction workers in Tehran, Iran

Mohseni P. H., Farshad A. A., Mirkazemi R., Orak R. J.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2015

|

Vol. 21, No. 4

568--573

EN

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess living and workplace safety conditions of construction workers in Tehran, Iran. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 construction sites in a municipal area of Tehran whose municipal building permits were issued in 2011. Data on ventilation, workplace safety and hygiene were collected by direct observation and interviews with site foremen. Noise levels were estimated from 10 sound-level-meter stations in the municipality area. Results. Lack of ventilation in the workers’ rooms was abundant. Bathrooms were unhygienic and minimum requirements such as lighting and ventilation did not exist in 80% of the cases. In nearly 50% of large construction sites, sewage and garbage disposal were inappropriate. Elevator safety was poor at all sites and no measures for fall prevention were present in over 88% of active construction sites. This study showed that the mean 24-h equivalent continuous sound level Leq was over 70 dB in 80% of the sites during weekdays. Conclusions. The results of this study revealed poor health and safety living and working conditions of construction workers in Tehran.

16

Rail environmental impact: energy consumption and noise pollution assessment of different transport modes connecting Big Ben (London, UK) and Eiffel Tower (Paris, FR)

Palacin R., Correia J., Zdziech M., Cassese T., Chitakova T.

Transport Problems

|

2014

|

T. 9, z. spec.

9--27

EN

This paper is set within the framework of the RailNewcastle Summer School program 2014 run by Newcastle University. It attempts to explore the sustainability credentials of railways when compared with other transport modes connecting central London with central Paris, two of Europe’s largest metropolis. Specifically, the study compares the energy consumption and noise pollution of a railonly travel option with two other alternatives using a combination of public transport modes. The analysis includes defining the regulatory framework, sourcing and aggregating energy consumption from a number of references as well as creating noise maps for key nodes using validated tools available. The results suggest that the rail-only option has the best performance of the three options in terms of energy consumption while a bus-coach-metro combination seems to have lower noise levels than the rest. Assumptions due to lack of meaningful data made in the calculation of underground rail services are thought to have influence on the lower than expected performance of rails systems in terms of noise. The authors conclude that considering the combined outcomes of both assessments, the rail-only option is the preferred choice from a sustainability credentials perspective.

PL

Artykuł powstał w ramach szkoły letniej RailNewcastle prowadzonej przez Uniwersytet w Newcastle. W pracy poruszono problemy związane z zużyciem energii oraz hałasem emitowanym przez kolej w odniesieniu do innych środków transportu. Jako materiał badawczy wybrano trzy możliwości podróży między dwoma największymi metropoliami Europy - Londynem a Paryżem. Analiza zawiera regulacje prawne wytwarzania i zużywania energii, a także mapy wraz z pomiarem hałasu dla wybranych węzłów komunikacyjnych. Wyniki sugerują, że kolej jest najkorzystniejszą opcją pod względem zużycia energii, podczas gdy konfiguracja autobus – autokar –metro wydaje mniej hałasu niż pozostałe opcje.

17

Hałas emitowany przez statki powietrzne o napędzie turbośmigłowym i turbowentylatorowym podczas startu i lądowania

Merkisz J., Płotnicka N., Dahlke G.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

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2013

|

R. 20, nr 10

2835--2843, CD

PL

Na podstawie pomiaru hałasu wykonanego przy pasie startowym na lotnisku Poznań Ławica dokonano oceny emisyjności tego czynnika przez silniki turbośmigłowe i turbowentylatorowe podczas startu i lądowania. Silniki zostały potraktowane jako główne źródło hałasu. Opisano charakterystykę hałasu lotniczego oraz jego wpływ na zdrowie człowieka. Przedstawiono także parametry techniczne badanych statków powietrznych. Najistotniejszą część stanowią wyniki badań oraz ich interpretacja.

EN

Based on measurements of noise made on the runway at the Poznan Ławica airport during takeoff and landing of turboprop and turbofan engine - powered aircrafts emissivity of this factor was evaluated. Engines were considered as the main source of noise. Describes the characteristics of aircraft noise and its impact on human health. Presents a technical specifications of tested aircrafts. The most important part are research results and their interpretation.

18

Study of the Categorisation Method Using Long-term Measurements

Rey Gozalo G., Barrigón Morillas J. M., Gómez Escobar V., Vílchez-Gómez R., Méndez Sierra J. A., Carmona del Río F. J., Prieto Gajardo C.

Archives of Acoustics

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2013

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Vol. 38, No. 3

397--405

EN

Previous studies concerning the categorisation method have been based on short daytime measure- ments. These studies demonstrated urban-noise stratification in the daytime. Nevertheless, legislation and standards refer to noise estimation throughout the day. This paper presents the first attempt to apply the categorisation method to indicators obtained through long-term measurements. The study was conducted in Plasencia, Extremadura (Spain) which has approximately 41,500 inhabitants. First, we conducted a stratification of the roads using the categorisation method. Second, long-term measurements (approxi- mately one week) were conducted at different sampling locations across different categories of streets. The results were analysed by category. Moreover, the profile of the noise-level variation was analysed during the day. The results revealed a stratification of sound levels measured across the different categories. Furthermore, we found health risks due to the noise levels in this town. Short-term measurements were also conducted to complete the categorisation method suitability analysis.

19

Strategic noise map

Kossakowski P.

Structure and Environment

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2012

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Vol. 4, no. 3

35--43

EN

The paper presents the issue of noise maps preparation. Noise indicators and requirements for strategic noise maps are given. The overall process of noise mapping (including acoustic model stage, gathering data on the noise sources and noise map calculation) is also presented in the article together with examples of a noise map.

20

Continuous descent approach : noise test for Warsaw international airport

Gągorowski A.

Journal of KONES

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2012

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Vol. 19, No. 2

167-174

EN

The noise generated by aircraft during departure and arrival flight operations continues to be significant problem at most major airports. Environmental impacts due to aviation operations in the vicinity of airports have become a serious concern to the community. A variety of techniques can be employed to reduce the noise impacts of aircraft. Continuous Descent Approach (CDA) is the new promising technique, which can significantly reduce noise impact by keeping aircraft higher and at lower engine thrust for longer by eliminating the level segments in conventional "step down" approaches. These procedures (implemented in different ways) are fixed routes that are vertically optimized. With the changing traffic, conditions and variable noise abatement rules the benefits of CDA operations are not yet fully realized. Actually, at many airports, CDA techniques are implemented for environmental improvements. This article presents the concept of optimized CDA. The modified flight procedure has been shown in measurement and analysis for Warsaw International Airport example. In this demonstration test, the procedure was shown to reduce the A-weighted noise level for the selected location along the flight path for different aircraft. Depending on aircraft type, the noise benefit from a CDA compared to a conventional approach was up to about 9.5 decibels (this change is noticeable to the human ear). Measurements have shown that Continuous Descent Approach have the potential for significant environmental benefits including reductions in noise.