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1

Agent-based system for continuous control and its application to activated sludge process

Pośpiech Jakub, Nocoń Witold, Stebel Krzysztof

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2024

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Vol. 72, nr 4

art. no. e150114

EN

This paper presents a concept of architecture and ontology layouts for the development of multiagent model-based predictive control systems. The presented architecture provides guidelines to simplify the development of agent-based systems and improve their maintainability. The proposed multiagent system (MAS) layout is split into multiple subsystems that include agents dedicated to performing assigned tasks. MAS implementation was prepared which can use provided algorithms and actuators and can react to changes in its environment to reach the best available control quality. An example of MAS based on the proposed architecture is shown in the application of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration control in a laboratory-activated sludge setup with a biological reactor. For that application, MAS incorporates agent-based controllers from the boundary-based predictive controllers (BBPC) family. Presented experiments prove the flexibility, resilience, and online reconfiguration ability of the proposed multiagent system.

2

Rozproszone metody ukrywania informacji w sieciach

Bieniasz Jędrzej, Szczypiorski Krzysztof

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

|

2023

|

nr 4

137--142

PL

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia rezultaty badań teoretycznych i praktycznych dotyczących różnych aspektów rozproszonych metod ukrywania informacji w sieciach. W ramach prac badawczych podjęto zagadnienie rozproszonych metod ukrywania informacji w sieciach w czterech kierunkach: 1) zbadanie stosowania metod rozproszonej steganografii w ofensywnych operacjach w cyberprzestrzeni, 2) rozszerzenie metodyk modelowania cyberzagrożeń uwzględniając technik ukrywania informacji w sieciach, 3) zrealizowanie badań wykrywania metod steganografii rozproszonej, 4) zastosowanie technik ukrywania informacji jako mechanizmu bezpieczeństwa sieci. Artykuł opracowano na podstawie rozprawy doktorskiej J. Bieniasza.

EN

This article presents the results of theoretical and practical research on various aspects of distributed methods of hiding information in networks. As part of the research work, the issue of distributed information hiding methods in networks was addressed in four directions: 1) testing the use of distributed steganography methods in offensive operations in cyberspace, 2) extending cyber threat modeling methodologies, taking into account information hiding techniques in networks, 3) conducting research on detection of distributed steganography methods, 4) application of information hiding techniques as a network security mechanism. The article was prepared on the basis of J. Bieniasz’s doctoral dissertation.

3

Distributed fault estimation of multi-agent systems using a proportional-integral observer: A leader-following application

Farrera Beltrán, López-Estrada Francisco-Ronay, Chadli Mohammed, Valencia-Palomo Guillermo, Gómez-Peñate Samuel

International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science

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2020

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Vol. 30, no. 3

551--560

EN

This paper proposes a methodology for observer-based fault estimation of leader-following linear multi-agent systems subject to actuator faults. First, a proportional-integral distributed fault estimation observer is developed to estimate both actuator faults and states of each follower agent by considering directed and undirected graph topologies. Second, based on the proposed quadratic Lyapunov equation, sufficient conditions for the asymptotic convergence of the observer are obtained as a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the proposed approach.

4

Multi-valued Verification of Strategic Ability

Jamroga Wojciech, Konikowska Beata, Kurpiewski Damian, Penczek Wojciech

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2020

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Vol. 175, nr 1-4

207--251

EN

Some multi-agent scenarios call for the possibility of evaluating specifications in a richer domain of truth values. Examples include runtime monitoring of a temporal property over a growing prefix of an infinite path, inconsistency analysis in distributed databases, and verification methods that use incomplete anytime algorithms, such as bounded model checking. In this paper, we present multi-valued alternating-time temporal logic (mv-ATL→∗ ), an expressive logic to specify strategic abilities in multi-agent systems. It is well known that, for branching-time logics, a general method for model-independent translation from multi-valued to two-valued model checking exists. We show that the method cannot be directly extended to mv-ATL → ∗. We also propose two ways of overcoming the problem. Firstly, we identify constraints on formulas for which the model-independent translation can be suitably adapted. Secondly, we present a model-dependent reduction that can be applied to all formulas of mv-ATL→∗ . We show that, in all cases, the complexity of verification increases only linearly when new truth values are added to the evaluation domain. We also consider several examples that show possible applications of mv-ATL→∗ and motivate its use for model checking multi-agent systems.

5

Event-triggered cluster consensus of leader-following linear multi-agent systems

Xu B., He W.

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research

|

2018

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Vol. 8, No. 4

293--302

EN

This paper is concerned with cluster consensus of linear multi-agent systems via a distributed event-triggered control scheme. Assume that agents can be split into several clusters and a leader is associated with each cluster. Sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the realization of cluster consensus by a feasible event-triggered controller if the network topology of each cluster has a directed spanning tree and the couplings within each cluster are sufficiently strong. Further, positive inner-event time intervals are ensured for the proposed event-triggered strategy to avoid Zeno behaviors. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

6

Method of agents’ state estimation in multiresolution multiagent simulation

Pierzchała D., Czuba P.

Computer Science and Mathematical Modelling

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2018

|

No. 8

29--39

EN

The paper proposes the multiagent techniques for approximation of agent’s state in the multiresolution multiagent simulation. The key methods we have used for state aggregation and disaggregation are: consensus algorithm and formation control. The idea of the coordination of multiple agents has emerged from both observation and simulation of a collective behavior of biological entities. The consensus algorithms are commonly used for the cooperative control problems in the multiagent systems, whilst the formation control is the most popular and fundamental motion coordination problem in the multiagent systems, where agents converge to predefined geometric shapes. The presented approach shows that multiagent methods seem to be very promising in multiresolution simulation. Consensus and formation control algorithms remove necessity to specify the much more complex algorithms for the aggregation and disaggregation needs.

PL

W artykule zaproponowano wieloagentowe podejście do wyznaczania stanu agenta w symulacji wielorozdzielczej (o zmiennej rozdzielczości) i wieloagentowej. Dwie kluczowe metody zastosowane do realizacji procesu agregacji i deagregacji stanów to: algorytm konsensusu i kontroli formacji. Idea koordynacji działań wielu agentów wyłoniła się z obserwacji oraz symulacji zbiorowych zachowań żywych istot. Algorytmy konsensusu są powszechnie stosowane w przypadku problemów sterowania kooperacyjnego w systemach wieloagentowych (konsensus oznacza osiągnięcie zgody na temat szczególnej wartości, która jest zależna od stanu wszystkich agentów w sieci). Natomiast kontrola formacji jest najpopularniejszym algorytmem w problemie koordynacji ruchu w systemach wielorobotowych, gdzie musi być spełniony warunek utrzymania predefiniowanego kształtu geometryczne formacji. Przedstawione w artykule podejście pokazuje, że metody wielodyscyplinarne wydają się bardzo obiecujące w symulacji wielorozdzielczej. Algorytmy konsensu i kontroli formacji eliminują konieczność definiowania znacznie bardziej złożonych algorytmów na potrzeby agregacji i deagregacji.

7

Reputacja i zaufanie w systemach teleinformatycznych z podmiotami anonimowymi - podejście dynamiczne

Konorski J.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

|

2016

|

nr 8-9

698--712

PL

Abstrakcją współczesnego systemu teleinformatycznego jest system wieloagentowy z autonomicznymi, racjonalnymi i wirtualnie anonimowymi agentami wchodzącymi we wzajemne interakcje dla wymiany usług. Uzasadniono konieczność projektowania dla niego podsystemu budowy reputacji i zaufania oraz odpowiednich analiz w ujęciu dynamicznym. Dokonano przeglądu motywacyjnie zgodnych mechanizmów uczciwego raportowania usług oraz omówiono dynamikę zachowań i miar zaufania agentów w zależności od polityki wyboru partnerów w interakcjach i polityki świadczenia usług.

EN

A contemporary computer communication system is abstracted as a multi-agent system with autonomous, rational and virtually anonymous agents that interact with one another to exchange services. This work justifies the necessity of an underlying reputation and trust building scheme, and its design and dynamics analysis. Incentive compatible mechanisms of honestly reporting received service are surveyed alongside a discussion of agents' behavior and trust dynamics relative to their partner selection, service provision and service reporting policies.

8

Dynamika miar zaufania w teleinformatycznym systemie wieloagentowym

Konorski J.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

|

2016

|

nr 8-9

1000--1004, CD

PL

Sformułowano model interakcji agentów (elementów systemu teleinformatycznego) oraz dynamiki ich miar zaufania w sytuacji wirtualnej anonimowości agentów, przypadkowego wyboru partnerów oraz typowego algorytmu agregacji danych reputacyjnych. Deterministyczne przybliżenie dynamiki markowowskiej pozwala obserwować istotne charakterystyki stanu ustalonego.

EN

We formulate a model of interactions of agents (computer communication system components) and the dynamics of their trust values under virtual anonymity, random selection of partners and a generic reputation data aggregation algorithm. A deterministic approximation of the underlying Markovian dynamics permits to obtain relevant steady-state characteristics.

9

Integrated monitoring system of production processes

Oborski P.

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2016

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Vol. 7, No. 4

86--96

EN

Integrated monitoring system for discrete manufacturing processes is presented in the paper. The multilayer hardware and software reference model was developed. Original research are an answer for industry needs of the integration of information flow in production process. Reference model corresponds with proposed data model based on multilayer data tree allowing to describe orders, products, processes and save monitoring data. Elaborated models were implemented in the integrated monitoring system demonstrator developed in the project. It was built on the base of multiagent technology to assure high flexibility and openness on applying intelligent algorithms for data processing. Currently on the base of achieved experience an application integrated monitoring system for real production system is developed. In the article the main problems of monitoring integration are presented, including specificity of discrete production, data processing and future application of Cyber-Physical-Systems. Development of manufacturing systems is based more and more on taking an advantage of applying intelligent solutions into machine and production process control and monitoring. Connection of technical systems, machine tools and manufacturing processes monitoring with advanced information processing seems to be one of the most important areas of near future development. It will play important role in efficient operation and competitiveness of the whole production system. It is also important area of applying in the future CyberPhysical-Systems that can radically improve functionally of monitoring systems and reduce the cost of its implementation.

10

Integration of Advanced Monitoring in Manufacturing Systems

Oborski P.

Journal of Machine Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 15, No. 2

55--68

EN

Novel concept of monitoring systems integration, reference models and test application for manufacturing are presented in the paper. Research results are an answer for industry needs for development of IT solutions that will allow to integrate information flow in production systems. The idea of standalone advanced monitoring devices connection with Shop Floor Control, MRP/ERP and machine operators is discussed. The concept of monitoring systems integration has been formally described by reference models. They corresponds with original multilayer data structure proposed on the base of data tree. Data model allows to describe orders, products, processes and to save monitoring results. Both kind of models has been the base for implementation of the integrated monitoring system demonstrator. The demonstrator developed in the frame of research was built on the base of multiagent technology. It allows to keep high flexibility and openness of the system, as well as easy implementation of various intelligent algorithms for data processing. Currently, an application of integrated monitoring system for real production system is developed. The main problems and future development of monitoring integration in discrete production are presented and discussed in the article.

11

GROUP COMPOSER – system for modeling agents’ team building for tasks

Naruk A.

Journal of Applied Computer Science

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2014

|

Vol. 22, nr 1

97--109

EN

Multi-agent systems consist of many autonomous units, called agents, that can interact when trying to achieve their goals. The selection of interaction partners is called team formation. Three basic approaches can be considered to match multi-agent system resources to the problem at hand. To research the properties of di ﬀ erent approaches, a software for modeling team formation in multi-agent systems has been created and is presented in this paper. Currently the software implements a centrally processed computerdriven group formation. University employee’s representation, with a few possible human characteristics, was used for veriﬁcation. Tests performed on sample data conﬁrm that chosen representation and algorithm are successful at ﬁnding groups which meet speciﬁc constraints.

12

Multiagent systems in modular robotics

Jánoš R

Applied Computer Science

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2014

|

Vol. 10, no 4

50--57

EN

The article describes the use of a multi-agent system in modular robotics. Multi-agent systems originated as an extension of the field of distributed artificial intelligence which allows understanding the individual modules as independent agents. By adopting this concept, design direction, which gives the robot a new quality, which is based on the possible effective reconfigure its kinematic and functional structure, thereby taking advantage of the original robot modules generate new variants of the robot with the required new parameters and behavior.

13

Wybrane aspekty rekonfiguracji w systemie sterowania wytwarzaniem

Kmiecik A., Zając J.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

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2013

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R. 20, nr 10

1629--1637, CD

PL

Biorąc pod uwagę współczesne trendy biznesowe i wymagania rynkowe stawiane systemom wytwarzania, istotnego znaczenia nabiera aktualnie szybkość reagowania na zmieniające się potrzeby klientów, a co za tym idzie, minimalizacja czasu niezbędnego do wprowadzenia na rynek nowego produktu. Odpowiedzią na te wymagania są rekonfigurowalne systemy wytwarzania (RMS), wyposażone w rozproszone systemy sterowania, które zapewniają tym systemom wytwarzania odporność na zakłócenia wynikające m.in. ze zmian zachodzących w ich strukturze. Takie systemy sterowania umożliwiają również integrację informacji pomiędzy różnymi poziomami sterowania, a także pomiędzy różnymi obszarami procesu produkcyjnego.

EN

Taking into consideration today's business environment and the market requirements, the responsiveness to changing customer needs, and thus, minimization of the time required to launch new product is one of the essential features of modern manufacturing systems. The answer to these requirements are reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS), equipped with the distributed control systems that provide robustness against disturbances such as the changes in the RMS structure. Such control systems also allow support the integration of information among the different levels of control, as well as among different areas of the production process.

14

Badanie procesu samokonfiguracji systemu sterowania wytwarzaniem

Zając J., Norys K.

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

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2012

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R. 16, nr 2

157-161

PL

W pracy omówiono trzyetapową procedurę modelowania dyskretnych systemów produkcyjnych. Na jej podstawie zaproponowano koncepcję samokonfiguracji systemów sterowania wytwarzaniem. Koncepcja ta umożliwi budowanie rozproszonych systemów sterowania wytwarzaniem działających zgodnie z zasadą włącz i produkuj. Wymaga to zastosowania jednolitych, konfigurowalnych, inteligentnych agentów. Do badania procesu samokonfiguracji użyto oprogramowania symulacyjnego Arena firmy Rockwell Automation.

EN

The paper describes the modelling process of a discrete manufacturing system as a three-stage procedure. It also presents the self-configuration procedure for distributed manufacturing control system. It will allow for the construction of the plug and produce distributed manufacturing control system, which require the integration of unified, easy to reconfigure, intelligent and cooperative agents. Arena Simulation Environment (Rockwell Automation) is used for examining the procedure.

15

Zdecentalizowany wieloagentowy system sterowania i monitorowania wytwarzaniem

Oborski P.

Inżynieria Maszyn

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2012

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R. 17, z. 1

42-51

PL

Rozwój systemów produkcyjnych oraz stały wzrost oczekiwań klientów wymaga od firm coraz szerszego wprowadzania systemów nadzorujących procesy wytwórcze, stan maszyn oraz jakość produktów i historię ich wytwarzania. Monitorowanie procesów, maszyn i produktów, jest technicznie możliwe za pomocą coraz bardziej udoskonalanych systemów wykorzystujących zawansowane metody pomiarowe, algorytmy przetwarzania danych oraz wsparcie układów wykorzystujących tzw. sztuczną inteligencję. Jednakże wprowadzenie powszechnego nadzoru nad całymi procesami, kluczowymi maszynami i wszystkimi wyrobami wymaga szybkiego przetwarzania bardzo dużej liczby danych. Dodatkowo system taki musi być zintegrowany z funkcjami sterującymi. Implementacja zintegrowanego systemu monitorowania na bazie powszechnie stosowanej architektury klient-serwer wymagałaby budowy skomplikowanego, drogiego i mało elastycznego systemu. W artykule przedstawiono badania prowadzone nad opracowaniem zintegrowanego wieloagentowego systemu monitorowania wytwarzania realizowane na Politechnice Warszawskiej w Zakładzie Automatyzacji Obrabiarek i Obróbki Skrawaniem.

EN

Continuously growing international competition in manufacturing sector force companies to reduce costs, at the same time rapidly increase complexity of products and quality requirements. Continuous development of manufacturing systems and increase of customer expectations requires implementation of advanced control and monitoring systems. To meet growing requirements production process should be controlled on all steps. Systems of direct control of manufacturing system, manufacturing cells, machines and performance of orders should be used. Such a system should allow for monitoring of all steps of production process according to requirements of Life Cycle Management (LCM). In article are pointed main aspects of a distributed multiagent shop floor control and monitoring system developed at Warsaw University of Technology.

16

Analiza motywacyjnie zgodnych decyzji w wielokryterialnym przetargu

Kruś L., Skorupiński J., Toczyłowski E.

Automatyka / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2011

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T. 15, z. 2

281-289

PL

W pracy są rozpatrywane warianty realizacji wielokryterialnego przetargu zamkniętego realizowanego w wielu rundach z wykorzystaniem wieloagentowego systemu komputerowego. System wspomaga realizację przetargu, wielokryterialne analizy dokonywane przez organizatora przetargu oraz symulację i analizę różnych zachowań organizatora i uczestników przetargu. Przedmiotem badań jest analiza decyzji motywacyjnie zgodnych. Przedstawiono sformułowania matematyczne, wybrane wyniki przeprowadzonych sesji oraz ich analizę.

EN

In the paper an iterative multicriteria closed-bidding auction conducted with the use of a multi-agent computer-based system is analyzed. The system supports submission of tenders, multicriteria analysis made by an organizer of bidding, simulation, and analysis of bidding competitors' behavior. Analysis of incentive compatible decisions is the main subject of the research. A mathematical formulation of the decision problems and selected results of bidding sessions conducted with use of the system are presented and analyzed.

17

Alliance and Coalition Formation

Fišer J., Mashkov V.

Journal of Applied Computer Science

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2010

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Vol. 18, nr 1

19-38

EN

Rapid development of agent technologies has evoked new research problems, among them formation of the groups of agents, such as alliances and coalitions. In the paper we differentiate between alliances and coalitions and suggest approaches to their formation. Agents of the highlighted alliances and coalitions are considered as group-rational, i.e., more interested in achieving the common goal than in their own benefits. The paper deals with specific alliances in which an agent accepts the offer to join the alliance despite the fact that one or more clauses of the planned alliance are not acceptable for him. This way, the agent may participate in the alliance on restricted conditions. The paper focuses on the problems of alliance and coalition formation, specifically, on the issues of agents’ activities at the stage of alliance and coalition structuring. For different cases when an agent is either informed about other agents’ capabilities or not, different agent’s activities are considered. For the purposes of modeling and verification of the proposed algorithms and approaches to alliance and coalition formation the Erlang/OTP platform is used. The paper specifies how the Erlang/OTP platform can be used for modeling agents’ intercommunication during formation of coalitions.

18

Application of computer vision methods to estimate the coverage of peen formed plates

Vieira L. C., Almeida de R. H. Z., Martins F. P. R., Fleury A.T.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2010

|

Vol. 43, nr 2

743--749

EN

Purpose: this paper aims to present a simple method that allows for a systematic estimation of coverage of peen aluminum workpiece submitted to a peen form process. Design/methodology/approach: This approach is based on the application of computer vision techniques for segmenting amplified images of the shot peening processed surface. The work has employed two combined methods of image segmentation – inductive algorithm generated rule segmentation and a multiagent segmentation system. Findings: The two combined methods of image segmentation has allowed for an estimation of low coverage plates as well as done by human expert. Furthermore a model of the spatial shot distribution was also achieved. Research limitations/implications: The surrogated method is suitable for plates with relative low coverages, circa 50 %. Originality/value: The model can be regarded as useful by acelerating the coverage evaluation in comparison with conventional industrial approach.

19

Środowisko agentowe w syntaktycznym rozpoznawaniu obrazów

Sędziwy A.

Automatyka / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

|

2010

|

T. 14, z. 3/1

373-381

PL

Czynnikiem istotnie ograniczającym praktyczne zastosowanie metod syntaktycznych w zadaniach rozpoznawania obrazu jest złożoność obliczeniowa parsingu, którą można obniżyć tylko kosztem siły opisowej języka. Gramatyki klasy ETPL(k), posiadające złożoność O(N2), stanowią sprawdzony formalizm dla zadań rozpoznawania obrazu. W przypadku zadań o dużym rozmiarze istotna jest także możliwość zrównoleglenia obliczeń i rozproszenie ich w środowisku agentowym. Wiedzę agenta stanowi wówczas zarówno znajomość fragmentu struktury grafowej, jak i produkcji gramatyki. Równomierna inicjalna dystrybucja tej wiedzy w systemie agentowym pozwala dodatkowo poprawić efektywność systemu.

EN

A computational complexity of parsing is the major limitation of syntactic pattern recognition methods applicability. That complexity may be decreased only by using grammars having weaker expressive power. ETPL(k) graph grammars, having quadratic complexity, are a compromise between complexity and descriptive power. For problems having large sizes however it's necessary to parallelize computations by distributing them over a multiagent system. Effectiveness of a system may be additionally boosted by even knowledge distribution enabling a balanced workload of agents. The knowledge consists of given subgraphs and grammar productions.

20

Zastosowanie gramatyk grafowych typu double pushout w środowisku GRADIS

Kotulski L., Sędziwy A.

Automatyka / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

|

2009

|

T. 13, z. 3/1

911-920

PL

Równoległe przetwarzanie podnosi efektywność systemu informatycznego. Platforma wieloagentowa GRADIS umożliwia wykonanie transformacji grafowych w środowisku rozproszonym. W niniejszym artykule szacujemy narzut obliczeniowy wywołany kooperacją agentów dla jednego z najpowszechniejszych mechanizmów transformacji grafowych - gramatyk typu double pushout.

EN

Parallel graph computations improve a system effectiveness. GRADIS multiagent framework is offered to support this idea. In the paper we evaluate an overhead generated by a cooperation in a set of the agents in the distributed environment, for the case of the one of most popular graph grammars - double pushout grammar.