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PL
Jednym z powszechnie stosowanych dodatków do żywności jest guma ksantanowa. Silne właściwości pseudoplastyczne wodnych roztworów ksantanu powodują wzmocnienie odczucia pełności i smakowitości spożywanych produktów. W prezentowanej pracy przeanalizowano uzyskane w trakcie pomiarów reometrycznych właściwości reologiczne gumy ksantanowej, które opisano modelem Teologicznym Carreau.
EN
Xanthan gum is one of hydrocolloids commonly used in food industry as food additive. Strong pseudoplastic properties of xanthan aqueous solution cause enhancement of a sense of richness and savoury of food consumed. In the paper, the authors present an analysis of rheological properties of xanthan gum determined during rheometric measurements and described by the Carreau rheological model.
EN
Xanthan gum is one of hydrocolloids commonly applied as a food additive. Strong pseudoplastic properties of xanthan aqueous solutions cause enhancement of the sense of richness and savouri-ness of food consumed. The authors present an analysis of rheological properties of xanthan gum determined during rheometric measurements and described by two rheological models, i.e. Carreau and Herschel-Bulkley models.
EN
In joints, hyaluronic acid protects articular surfaces against the forces formed during motion. As a main component of synovial fluid, it is responsible for its viscosity. Viscosity in turn, is a very important property that characterises a bio-bed operation. Due to the fact that hyaluronic acid determines sliding characteristics of synovia, selected rheological properties of water solutions of this acid were investigated.
EN
The static and dynamic characteristics of journal bearings lubricated with non-Newtonian fluids based on Carreau viscosity model have been investigated theoretically. The time-dependent modified Reynolds equation and the adiabatic energy equations have been formulated using Carreau viscosity model. The simultaneous system of modified Reynolds and adiabatic energy equations were solved numerically with boundary conditions using finite difference technique. The linearized bearing reactions and the journal motion can be approximated to obtain the spring and damping coefficient. Static characteristics are presented as pressure profile, temperature profile, load carrying capacity and the coefficient of friction with varying the eccentricity ratio. The stiffness coefficients, damping coefficients and the stability of the journal bearing are investigated with varying the parameters of the non-Newtonian fluid model. In this study, the shear rate of non-Newtonian lubricant and the model parameters have significant effects on the characteristics of journal bearings lubricated with the non-Newtonian fluids.
EN
The compressible elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubrication of two surfaces under line contact has been investigated in steady state operating conditions. The modified Reynolds equation with non-Newtonian fluids has been formulated using Carreau viscosity model. The simultaneous systems of modified Reynolds and elasticity equations with boundary conditions were solved numerically using Newton Raphson technique. The performance characteristics of the elastohydrodynamic lubrication under two surfaces in line contact were calculated and presented for varying the non-Newtonian Carreau viscosity model parameters. The pressure profile, film thickness profile, load capacity were investigated in both static and dynamic conditions. This simulation showed the significant effect of model parameters on elastohydrodynamic lubrication under heavy load conditions.
EN
In thermodynamics of fluids by convective motion it is understood that a fluid flow which, apart from mechanical quantities, is characterized also by thermal and/or other fields. Dimensionless governing equations are presented for this problem. Dimensionless numbers: the Prandtl number, the Rayleigh number and the Eckert number are introduced. In this paper numerical algorithm for solution of thermal convection in polymer is presented. Rheology model used for polymer is the Carreau model of non-Newtonian fluid. Numerical solutions for convective cooling of Carreau fluid in box are presented.
PL
W termodynamice płynów ruch konwekcyjny płynu jest charakteryzowany nie tylko przez wielkości mechaniczne, ale także przez pole cieplne i inne pola. W artykule przedstawiono bezwymiarowe równania opisujące zagadnienie konwekcji termicznej. W równanich tych wykorzystano liczby bezwymiarowe: Prandtla, Rayleigh i Eckerta. Zamieszczono również algorytm numerycznego rozwiązania problemu konwekcji termicznej w polimerach z wykorzystaniem metody elementów skończonych. Model reologiczny użyty do opisu polimerów to model nienewtonowskiego pfynu Carreau. Przytoczono wyniki numerycze konwekcyjnego ochładzania płynu Carreau w kwadratowym obszarze o „nieskończonej" długości.
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