In this paper, the formation of the excitonic insulator state in the rare-earth chalcogenides has been investigated through the extended Falicov-Kimball model. Adapting the unrestricted Hartree-Fock approximation, we have derived a set of explicitly self-consistent equations determining expectation values and the excitonic susceptibility in the system. Analyzing the excitonic susceptibility, we have established phase diagrams of the excitonic insulator state depending on the model parameters. The phase structures confirmed the excitonic insulator state is found at low temperature and between two critical values of the Coulomb interaction. The effect of the external pressure on the formation of the excitonic insulator state is also shown.
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The electric arc plasma equipment allows to reach the extreme temperatures in any technologies of carbon containing raw materials processing into gaseous products. In this connection our institutions carried out the environment-friendly technology and equipment for air and steam plasma gasification of medical waste as well as household waste or any other carbon containing raw materials. This technology guaranties destruction of thermally-stable bacteria and excludes the formation of dioxins and furans. The gaseous products, to be obtained in this process, may be used as alternative fuel or starting material for synthetic liquid fuels production. The modern level of prices on fuels and energy supply make it economically attractive. The technology of alternative fuel production may be considered automatically as environment-friendly one as it was developed from the equipment for destruction of medical waste.
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The experimental data on quantity and composition of the gaseous products formed in the process of thermal treatment of peat are presented at various operating parameters of the process. It is shown that as a result of the peat pyrolysis and the subsequent cracking of emanating products at temperature 100 degrees of Celsius it is possible to receive 1.4 M3 of gas with calorific value 11.7 MJ/M3 from one kg of original raw material.
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