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1

Wynik ekspozycji nasion pieprzycy siewnej (Lepidium sativum L.) na promieniowanie neutronowe

Ciechanowski Marek, Bolewski Andrzej, Dudała Joanna, Jakubowski Tomasz, Syrotyuk Serhiy, Lopushniak Vasyl, Atilgan Atilgan

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 12

232--266

PL

Promieniowanie jonizujące powoduje jonizację i/lub wzbudzenie atomów ośrodka materialnego, z którym oddziałuje. W zależności od mechanizmu oddziaływania mówimy o bezpośrednim i pośrednim promieniowaniu jonizującym. Pierwsza grupa obejmuje cząstki naładowane elektrycznie (alfa, beta, protony), które jonizują głównie na drodze oddziaływań kulombowskich. Z drugiej strony, cząstki obojętne (np. neutrony) i wysokoenergetyczne promieniowanie elektromagnetyczne (promienie X i γ) oddziałują z materią pośrednio poprzez efekt fotoelektryczny, rozpraszanie Comptona i tworzenie par elektron-pozyton, a także poprzez reakcje jądrowe. W pracy przedstawiono wynik eksperymentu, w którym nasiona Pieprzycy siewnej (Lepidium sativum L.) poddano działaniu promieniowania neutronowego. W eksperymencie wykorzystano komercyjne źródło Cf-252 (aktywność źródła w dniu eksperymentu A 11 MBq, wydatek neutronów W = 1,34E + 6 n/s,) [5-7]. Czas ekspozycji wahał się od 5 sekund do 11 godzin.

EN

Lonizing radiation causes ionization and / or excitation of atoms of the material medium with which it interacts. Depending on the mechanism of interaction, we speak of direct and indirect ionizing radiation. The first group includes electrically charged particles (alpha, beta, protons), which ionize mainly by Coulomb interactions. On the other hand, neutral particles (e.g. neutrons) and high-energy electromagnetic radiation (X and γ rays) interact with matter indirectly through the photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, electron-positron pair production, and also by nuclear reactions. The paper presents the result of an experiment in which seeds Lepidium sativum L. were exposed to neutron radiation. A commercial Cf-252 neutron source was used in the experiment (source activity on the day of the experiment A = 11 MBq, yield of neutron source W = 1.34E + 6 n/s,) [5-7]. The exposure time ranged from 5 seconds to 11 hours.

2

Effects of plant extracts and disinfectant Huva-San TR 50 on the quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.) seeds

Górski Romuald, Szopińska Dorota, Dorna Hanna, Rosińska Agnieszka, Stefańska Zuzanna, Lisiecka Jolanta

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2020

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Vol. 27, nr 4

617--628

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. (Aloe) and Morinda citrifolia L. (Indian mulberry) plant extracts and disinfectant Huva-San TR 50 (hydrogen peroxide stabilized with silver ions) on carrot seed quality. The seeds of two carrot cultivars Amsterdam (sample I) and Berlikumer 2 (sample II), were soaked in solutions of Aloe and Indian mulberry extracts and Huva-San TR 50 at concentrations of 0.025 %, 0.05 % and 0.1 % for 30 min. Untreated seeds and seeds soaked in distilled water for 30 min were used as controls. Seed germination was assessed after 7 and 14 days of incubation. The speed and uniformity of seed germination (vigour) were evaluated. Mycological analysis was performed using a deep-freeze blotter test. Sample I was characterized by lower germination at the first and the final counts than sample II and higher seed infestation with Alternaria radicina. Treating seeds of sample I with Morinda citrifolia plant extract at concentrations of 0.025 and 0.05 % reduced their infestation with Alternaria alternata and A. radicina, increased germination at the first and the final counts, and did not affect seed vigour. The effects of Aloe extract and disinfectant Huva-San TR 50 on seed quality parameters varied depending on their concentration. Hence, further studies are necessary to establish the optimal conditions for carrot seed treatment.

3

Advantages of Small-Seeded Species in Forests : Win-Win for Temporal and Spatial Dispersal among Seeds in Rhododendron

Wang Haiyang, Lai Xiaohong, Zhang Yanru, Chen Hong

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 1

17--32

EN

There is little consistent evidence for evolutionary associations from seed production to seedling fitness. In this study, 20 species of Rhododendron genus were selected from subtropical forests of southwest China; the life-history functional traits such as the seed size, seed number per twig, germination traits, dispersal and seedling survival were investigated, the ecological relationships among them were tested and the advantages of small-seeded species were discussed. The results show that the quantitative parameters of germination, such as the germination rate, potential, and index are positively correlated with seed number produced per stem, while temporal parameters, such as germination peak timing and duration are positively correlated with seed size. The two results indicate that different Rhododendron species with different seed sizes and relative seed number can deal with varying environments according to spatial dispersal or time dispersal, respectively, and the advantages of smaller seeds in the aspect of sprouting vigour, dispersal ability and seedling survival may lay the foundation for the establishment of small-seeded plants in the forest.

4

Effects of electromagnetic fields and their shielding on the quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.) seeds

Górski Romuald, Dorna Hanna, Rosińska Agnieszka, Szopińska Dorota, Wosiński Stanisław

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2019

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Vol. 26, nr 4

785--795

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of electromagnetic fields and their shielding on carrot seed quality. Three sectors were separated on the device emitting electromagnetic fields: “E” - sector emitting electromagnetic radiation with the predominance of the electrical component, “EM” - sector emitting electromagnetic radiation without domination of its components and “M” - sector with a predominance of magnetic component. Fields generated by the device were also shielded with ADR TEX screen, based on a nanocomposite in which the electric component of the electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by water dispersed in a dielectric matrix in various ways. The composites exhibit high dielectric absorption and shield electric fields within the frequency range from ~100 mHz to ~100 kHz. Seed germination and vigour were evaluated at 20 °C in darkness. Mycological analysis was performed using a deep-freeze blotter test. Exposure of seeds to radiation with the predominance of the electrical component and electromagnetic radiation without domination of its components combined with shielding of electromagnetic fields with ADR TEX (E+ADR TEX and EM+ADR TEX) increased seed germination energy and germination capacity compared to these treatments without shielding and control. The percentage of abnormal diseased seedlings in treatments with shielding of electromagnetic fields with ADR TEX (E+ADR TEX, EM+ADR TEX and M+ADR TEX) was significantly lower than in the treatments without shielding and in control. None of the treatments affected seed vigour. Generally, exposure of seeds to electromagnetic radiation did not influence the incidence of fungi.

5

Effects of electromagnetic fields on the quality of onion (Allium cepa l.) seeds

Górski Romuald, Dorna Hanna, Rosińska Agnieszka, Szopińska Dorota, Dawidziak Filip, Wosiński Stanisław

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2019

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Vol. 26, nr 1-2

47--58

EN

The aim of this paper was to establish whether electromagnetic fields (EMF) with a super low frequency (SLF) have a negative effect on onion seed quality. Three sectors were separated on the device emitting electromagnetic fields: „E” – sector emitting electromagnetic radiation with the predominance of the electrical component, „EM” – sector emitting electromagnetic radiation without domination of its components and „M” – sector with a predominance of magnetic component. Seed germination and vigour were evaluated at 20 oC in darkness. Mycological analysis was performed using a agar plate method. Exposure of seeds to electromagnetic fields did not affect Gmax. Treated seeds were characterized with significantly lower germination capacity and higher percentage of deformed abnormal seedlings than untreated seeds. Electromagnetic radiation with the predominance of electrical component (E), and electromagnetic radiation with the predominance of magnetic component (M) also significantly decreased the germination energy. The effect of electromagnetic fields on the speed of germination was ambiguous. Seeds treated with the electromagnetic field with predominance of magnetic component (M), and electromagnetic field without domination of its components (EM) germinated significantly less uniformly than control. Generally, exposure of seeds to electromagnetic fields did not influence the incidence of fungi.

PL

Celem prowadzonych badań było ustalenie, czy pola elektromagnetyczne (EMF) o super niskiej częstotliwości (SLF) mają negatywny wpływ na jakość nasion cebuli. Na urządzeniu emitującym pola elektromagnetyczne wyodrębniono trzy sektory: „E” – sektor emitujący promieniowanie elektromagnetyczne z przewagą składowej elektrycznej, „EM” – sektor emitujący promieniowanie elektromagnetyczne bez dominacji jego składowych oraz „M” – sektor z przewagą składowej magnetycznej. Kiełkowanie i wigor nasion oceniono w temperaturze 20 oC w ciemności. Analizę mikologiczną przeprowadzono za pomocą testu agarowego. Poddanie nasion działaniu pól elektromagnetycznych nie wpłynęło na wartość Gmax. Traktowane nasiona charakteryzowały się znacznie niższą zdolnością kiełkowania i wyższym odsetkiem siewek anormalnych zniekształconych niż nasiona nietraktowane. Promieniowanie elektromagnetyczne z przewagą składowej elektrycznej (E) oraz promieniowanie elektromagnetyczne z przewagą składowej magnetycznej (M) istotnie zmniejszyło także energię kiełkowania. Wpływ pól elektromagnetycznych na szybkość kiełkowania był niejednoznaczny. Nasiona poddane działaniu pola elektromagnetycznego z przewagą składowej magnetycznej (M) i pola elektromagnetycznego bez dominacji jego składowych (EM) kiełkowały istotnie mniej wyrównanie niż nasiona nietraktowane. Zasadniczo, poddanie nasion działaniu pól elektromagnetycznych nie miało wpływu na występowanie na nich grzybów.

6

Nitrogen Deposition Influences the Allelopathic Effect of an Invasive Plant on the Reproduction of a Native Plant : Solidago canadensis versus Pterocypsela laciniata

Wang C., Liu J., Xiao H., Zhou J., Du D.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 1

87--96

EN

This study aims to gain insights into the allelopathic effects (by using leaf extracts) of the notorious invasive Solidago canadensis L. on seed germination of the associated Pterocypsela laciniata (Houtt.) C. Shih under different nitrogen (N) forms added: inorganic (NO3- -N and NH4+ -N), organic (urea-N), and mixed N (a mixture of the three N forms at 1:1:1 ratio). Among the two used concentrations of S. canadensis leaf extracts the higher exhibited inhibitory allelopathic effects on seedling height and biomass, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of P. laciniata. N demonstrated positive effects on seed germination of P. laciniata. The effects of mixed and organic N on the seedling biomass of P. laciniata were more pronounced than those of inorganic N and control treatment. The vigor index of P. laciniata under mixed N was significantly higher than those under single N form and control treatment. Thus, organic and mixed N showed higher ecological effects on seed germination of P. laciniata than inorganic and single N form. All N forms could alleviate the inhibitory allelopathic effects of S. canadensis on seed germination of P. laciniata. Overall, the inhibitory allelopathic impact of S. canadensis on seed germination of native species may be attenuated under increased and diverse N deposition, thus it could prevent its further invasion.

7

Effect of petroleum derivatives contaminated soil on germination and early growth of chosen plants

Parus A., Szulc P., Zbytek Z.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 62, nr 4

70--74

EN

Most of products of petroleum have a toxic effects to plants, animals and also to man. Overworked motor oils and mixtures of different petroleum substances are especially dangerous for environment. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of overworked motor oil, diesel and their mixtures on the growth and advancement of chosen species of plants. The effect of increasing concentration of the petroleum substances in the soil (0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0 ml kg-1) on: seed germination, the elongation of shoot and root of barley, maize and mustard were studied. On the basis of research results it was stated that limited germination and growth of plants was caused by used petroleum substances and their mixture. Increasing the dose of xenobiotic caused reduction in the quantity of seeds or inhibition of germination as well as considerably limited lengths of roots and shoot of all tested plants. The studied species showed different sensitivity to the concentration of overworked motor oil. The highest toxicity was observed for mixture of overworked motor oil with diesel. Among all tested plants, the mustard was the most sensitive to the presence of petrochemical impurities.

PL

Większość z produktów naftowych oddziałuje toksycznie na organizmy żywe, w tym na rośliny, zwierzęta a także na człowieka. Szczególnie groźne dla środowiska są przepracowane oleje silnikowe oraz mieszanin różnych substancji petrochemicznych, np. diesla i przepracowanego oleju silnikowego. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu przepracowanego oleju silnikowego, diesla oraz ich mieszaniny na wzrost i rozwój wybranych gatunków roślin. Badano wpływ substancji ropopochodnych w glebie w dawkach 0,5, 1,0, 2,5, 5,0, 10,0 i 25 ml kg-1 gleby na kiełkowanie, wzrost części nadziemnych i podziemnych jęczmienia, kukurydzy oraz gorczycy. Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, iż obecność diesla oraz przepracowanego oleju silnikowego wpływa na ograniczenie kiełkowania i wzrostu roślin. Zwiększenie dawki ksenobiotyku spowodowało zmniejszenie ilości lub całkowite zahamowanie kiełkowania nasion, a także wpływało na znaczne ograniczenie wzrostu części nadziemnych i podziemnych roślin użytych w doświadczeniu. Badane gatunki wykazały zróżnicowaną wrażliwość na zanieczyszczenie gleby substancjami ropopochodnymi. Największą toksyczność wykazuje mieszanina diesla i przepracowanego oleju silnikowego.

8

Elodeid species as nursery beds for the successful seed restoration of Vallisneria spiralis L.

Cao J., Ruan H.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2015

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Vol. 63, nr 1

53--62

EN

Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) is often difficult to restore due to their low seedling survival rates. Therefore, we hypothesized that the elodeid macrophytes serve as effective “nursery” areas to promote success for seedlings of other SAV. However, the high density of the elodeid community may inhibit the establishment of other SAV. An experiment was conducted to explore this “nursery effect” as a restoration approach to increase the success of seed restoration. Two elodeid species were pre-planted into mesocosms to create three levels of “nursery beds” i.e., bare, sparse (approx. 100 g m-2) and dense (approx. 200 g m-2). Seeds of Vallisneria spiralis were then placed into these beds to test the seed germination and growth of V. spiralis seedlings. After three months, seed germination was lower in the bare treatment than in the sparse and dense treatments. The growth of V. spiralis seedlings was greater in the sparse treatment than in the bare and dense treatments. These results revealed that the established elodeid bed had a positive effect on the seed restoration of V. spiralis but that the restoration efficiency was significantly reduced by the high-density cover of the elodeid community.

9

Influence of the Three Gorges Reservoir on the vegetation of its drawdown area: effects of water submersion and temperature on seed germination of Xanthium sibiricum(Compositae)

Wang Q., Yuan X., Liu H.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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Vol. 62, nr 1

25--36

EN

Xanthium sibiricum, an annual weed, unexpectedly and dramatically occupied the exposed drawdown area after water had been impounded for the first time in the newly created Three Gorges Reservoir in China. In order to explain this phenomenon and establish an appropriate management strategy, the effects of constant submersion on seed viability and germination of X. sibiricum were investigated at two constant temperature regimes (25°C and 30°C) under artificial laboratory conditions. The results indicated that the seeds of X. sibiricum exhibited a high level of tolerance of submersion and up to 99% of seeds were viable in each treatment regime. The effect of submersion on germination was not obvious at 25°C until the submersion was prolonged for 180 days, while at 30°C the eventual germination rate of X. sibiricum, even after submergence for only one day, was significantly improved. The speed of germination was also consistently accelerated by prolonged periods of submersion. The proportion of seeds that germinated in all treatments combined was less that 56% due to seed dimorphism, thereby providing a seed bank. We conclude that the interaction between long-term winter flooding and high temperature in summer is the major reason that X. sibiricum was able to occupy the newly exposed drawdown area in the absence of competition. These findings provided further insight into how germination strategy and reservoir water-management regime contributed to this dramatic species outbreak.

10

Effects of saline-alkaline stress on early growth strategy and colonization success of Flaveria bidentis ( L.) Kuntze (Asteraceae ) - a new exotic plant in Northern China

Chai M., Shi F., He K., Li R., Cao D., He Z.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 3

559-565

EN

Flaveria bidentis, an annual grass native to South America, has invaded into many countries all over the world, including South Africa and Egypt in Africa, Britain and France in Europe, Japan in Asia, and Australia. In China, this plant species has been widely distributed in Hebei province since 2001 of its first discovery in Tianjin. In salinized soil of northern China, F. bidentis has formed mono dominant communities owing to its opportunistic characteristics. In this study, we investigated germination rate, germination energy, germination index and vigor index in response to different saline-alkaline stresses. Lengths of seedling, hypocotyl, and radicle were also examined. During germination process, germination rate, germination energy, germination index, and vigor index decreased due to higher salinity and alkalinity (pH). Hypocotyl elongation was stimulated at low salinity and alkalinity, but decreased with increasing salinity and alkalinity. The lengths of radicle and seedling were inhibited sharply with increasing salinity and alkalinity. These results suggest that a reciprocal enhancement between salt stress and alkaline stress was a characteristic feature during seed germination of F. bidentis. Ungerminated seeds resumed to germinate after transferred to distilled water, indicating that seeds remained viable during their exposure to saline-alkaline stresses. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the effects of salinity, alkalinity (pH), and buffer capacity on seed germination and seedling growth were significantly different in magnitude. Salinity and alkalinity (pH) were the dominant factors in seed germination and seedling growth of F. bidentis respectively. Further, the results of this study suggest that F. bidentis has developed excellent adaptative strategy in its early stage of life cycle which partially explains its current invasion success in northern China.

11

Effect of Rate and Time of Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield Quality of Red Fescue Grown for Seeds

Szczepanek M.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2010

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Vol. 17, nr 6

677-687

EN

Nitrogen rates of 20, 40 or 60 kg o ha-1 were applied in autumn, and 40, 60 and 80 kg o ha-1 in spring in production years (in a single rate or in two parts: 40 kg o ha-1 at the start of growth and 40 kg o ha-1 at the beginning of stern formation). In the first year of seed harvesting, the spring nitrogen rate did not have an effect on the proportion of normally germinating, hard, fresh and dead seeds in the preliminary or final assessments in germination test. In the second year, the application of part of nitrogen for vegetative growth, with limited formation of generative organs, contributed to lowering of seed yield quality. Division of a rate of 80 kg N o ha-1 applied in spring resulted in a decrease in the proportion of normal seedlings as compared with a single application at the start of growth. In conditions of the lowest rate of autumn fertilization, a reduction in seed number in spikelets and an increase in thousand seed weight were accompanied by a decrease in dead seed proportion in yield.

PL

Jesienią, stosowano 20, 40 lub 60 kg N o ha-1, natomiast wiosną w latach pełnego użytkowania 40, 60 oraz 80 kg N o ha-1 (jednorazowo lub w dwóch częściach: 40 kg o ha-1 w czasie początku wegetacji i 40 kg-1 na początku strzelania w źdźbło). W pierwszym roku zbioru nasion wiosenna dawka azotu nie miała wpływu na udział nasion normalnie kiełkujących, twardych, świeżych i martwych w ocenie wstępnej ani końcowej testu kiełkowania. W drugim roku wykorzystanie części azotu na wzrost wegetatywny, przy ograniczeniu tworzenia organów generatywnych przyczyniło się do pogorszenia jakości otrzymanego plonu nasion. Dzielenie dawki 80 kg o ha-1 azotu stosowanego wiosną w porównaniu do jednorazowej aplikacji spowodowało zmniejszenie udziału siewek normalnych z 69,9 do 59,9 %. W warunkach najmniejszej dawki nawożenia jesiennego ograniczeniu liczby nasion w kioskach i zwiększeniu masy tysiąca nasion towarzyszyło zmniejszenie udziału nasion martwych w plonie.

12

Inhibitory effects of sodium benzoate on germination and growth seedling of radish Raphanus sativus L.

Święciło A.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2008

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Vol. 15, nr 3

245-251

EN

Derivatives of benzoic acid are produced on industrial scale and are used as preservatives in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. They also occur naturally in same berries and are intermediates of metabolic paths. In over-physiological doses they have a destructive effect on human body and other live organisms. The aim of Ibis study was to determine the influence of sodium benzoate on germination process of radish seeds Raphanus sativus L. The results that were obtained reveal that sodium benzoate in the concentration lower than 0.03 mol. dm-3 decreases the number of germinated seeds of radish. Seedlings obtained from these seeds were shorter than the seedlings in control and their roots were also reduced. No other pathomorphological features were observed. Sodium benzoate used in the concentration equal to or higher than 0.03 mol. dm-3 inhibits the germination process of radish seeds but it does not decrease the viability of germs of these seeds and does not change their catalase activity. The process of inhibiting germination can be reversed by removing Ibis substance from the environment.

PL

Pochodne kwasu benzoesowego produkowane na skalę przemysłową są wykorzystywane jako substancje konserwujące głównie w przemyśle spożywczym, farmaceutycznym i kosmetycznym. Występują one także w stanie naturalnym w niektórych owocach jagodowych oraz są intermediatami szlaków metabolicznych. W nie fizjologicznych dawkach działają szkodliwie na organizm człowieka i inne organizmy żywe. Celem niniejszej pracy było badanie wpływu benzoesanu sodu na proces kiełkowania nasion i wydłużania korzeni u rzodkiewki Raphanus sativus L. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że benzoesan sodu zastosowany w stężeniach mniejszych niż 0,03 mol. dm-3 obniża liczbę wykiełkowanych nasion rzodkiewki. Siewki uzyskane z tych nasion były mniejsze niż siewki kontrolne i charakteryzowały się skróceniem korzenia. Nie stwierdzono u nich innych cech patomorfologicznych. Benzoesan sodu zastosowany w stężeniu równym lub większym niż 0,03 mol. dm-3 hamuje proces kiełkowania nasion rzodkiewki, ale nie obniża żywotności zarodków tych nasion i nie zmienia ich aktywności katalazowej. Proces hamowania kiełkowania można odwrócić poprzez usunięcie tej substancji ze środowiska.

13

Badania procesu mechanicznej skaryfikacji nasion

Domoradzki M., Korpal W., Weiner W.

Inżynieria Rolnicza

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2007

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R. 11, nr 5 (93)

97-106

PL

W pracy przedstawiono badanie procesu skaryfikacji mechanicznej nasion pietruszki prowadzone na oryginalnych stanowiskach badawczych.

EN

The paper presents the tests of the mechanical parsley seed scarification process carried out on original test benches.

14

Ługowanie substancji powstrzymujących kiełkowanie z nasion buraka ćwikłowego

Domoradzki M., Domoradzka O., Korpal W.

Inżynieria Rolnicza

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2003

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R. 7, nr 8

107--116

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki ługowania substancji nieorganicznych (jonowych) i organicznych z nasion buraka ćwikłowego odmiany Czerwona Kula. Wyznaczono równania opisujące kinetykę ługowania nasion wodą odnotowując poprawę energii i zdolności kiełkowania nasion. Wyznaczono krzywe równowagi dla ługowania nasion surowych i wykonano ługowania okresowe 4 stopniowe pozwalające na usuniecie ok. 80% substancji organicznych oraz jonowych i przyspieszenie kiełkowania nasion o ok. 4 dni.

EN

Paper presents the results of leaching inorganic (ionic) and organic germination inhibitors from the seed of red beet, Czerwona Kula cultivar. The equations describing kinetics of leaching the seeds with water were derived and an improvement of germination energy and capacity was noted. The equilibrium curves were determined for leached raw seeds; carried out 4-stage periodical teachings made possible to remove about 80% organic and ionic inhibitors and to accelerate seed germination by about 4 days.

15

Wstępne badania nad jakością pyłku, nasion i przeżywalnością siewek brzozy brodawkowatej (Betula pendula roth.) pochodzących z drzew rosnących na zwałowisku pocynkowym

Franiel I.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2003

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Vol. 29, no. 2

5--11

PL

Celem pracy było określenie jakości pyłku i orzeszków brzozy brodawkowatej oraz możliwości przeżycia jej siewek na materiale pochodzącym z dwóch stanowisk: hałdy pocynkowej i powierzchni kontrolnej nie narażonej na długotrwałe negatywne oddziaływanie czynników antropogenicznych. Materiał badawczy pochodził z hałdy pocynkowej ZM "Silesia" w Katowicach i z powierzchni kontrolnej zlokalizowanej w Mirowie. Badania dotyczyły: ź żywotności pyłku na pożywce sacharozowo-agarowej, ź zdolności kiełkowania nasion w warunkach laboratoryjnych na płytkach Petriego, ź przeżywalności siewek w doświadczeniu wazonowym na glebie z hałdy pocynkowej i z Mirowa oraz. na glebie inspektowej (w każdym wariancie użyto po 96 orzeszków po 8 sztuk na wazon). Można sądzić, że skumulowane w podłożu zanieczyszczenia wyraźnie zakłócają zawiązywanie się orzeszków brzozy brodawkowej oraz wpływają ba obniżenie wartości siewnej nasion.

EN

The paper presents the results of the research whose aim was to establish the sensitivity degree of Betula pendula pollen, seeds and seedlings in the adverse conditions of the zinc-lead waste from "Silesia" Steelworks in Katowice. The pollen and the seeds of the birch (from the dump and unpolluted region Mirów) were tested by taking into condition: pollen capacity and seeds germination capacity. For the pot cultures metallurgical wastes and the soil from Mirów were placed in plastic boxes. For each kind of seeds a different soil variant was applied: Dump soil, Soil from Mirów, Garden soil (control group), 8 seeds were put into each box (total number of seeds for each variant was 96). The seeds of Betula peudula growing on smelter waste dumps had been collected in the vicinity of the dumps. The results of the experiment showed that the soil pollution has a significant impact on generative phase of Betula peudula.