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1

Research on speed control of high speed trains based on hybrid modeling

Hou Tao, Tang Li., Niu Hong-xia, Zhao Tingyang

Archives of Transport

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2023

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Vol. 66, iss. 2

77--82

EN

With the continuous improvement of train speed, the automatic driving of trains instead of driver driving has become the development direction of rail transit in order to realize traffic automation. The application of single modeling methods for speed control in the automatic operation of high-speed trains lacks exploration of the combination of train operation data information and physical model, resulting in low system modeling accuracy, which impacts the effectiveness of speed control and the operation of high-speed trains. To further increase the dynamic modeling accuracy of high-speed train operation and the high-speed train's speed control effect, a high-speed train speed control method based on hybrid modeling of mechanism and data drive is put forward. Firstly, a model of the high-speed train's mechanism was created by analyzing the train's dynamics. Secondly, the improved kernel-principal component regression algorithm was used to create a data-driven model using the actual operation data of the CRH3 (China Railway High-speed 3) high-speed train from Huashan North Railway Station to Xi'an North Railway Station of "Zhengxi High-speed Railway," completing the mechanism model compensation and the error correction of the speed of the actual operation process of the high-speed train, and realizing the hybrid modeling of mechanism and data-driven. Finally, the prediction Fuzzy PID control algorithm was developed based on the natural line and train characteristics to complete the train speed control simulation under the hybrid model and the mechanism model, respectively. In addition, analysis and comparison analysis were conducted. The results indicate that, compared to the high-speed train speed control based on the mechanism model, the high-speed train speed control based on hybrid modeling is more accurate, with an average speed control error reduced by 69.42%. This can effectively reduce the speed control error, improve the speed control effect and operation efficiency, and demonstrate the efficacy of the hybrid modeling and algorithm. The research results can provide a new ideal of multi-model fusion modeling for the dynamic modeling of high-speed train operation, further improve control objectives such as safety, comfort, and efficiency of high-speed train operation, and provide a reference for automatic driving and intelligent driving of high-speed trains.

2

Application of constraint logic programming to decision support for the supply chain management

Sitek P.

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

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2013

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R. 17, nr 2

129-134

EN

Supply Chain Management (SCM) decisions can be considered at different levels of detail. At a strategic level they apply to the architecture in the supply chain, at the tactical level to transport fleet selection, selection of supply sources and distribution, and at the operational level, to the distribution of supplies and route selection. Many models of decision-making SCM have been developed. These are the linear (LP-linear programming) or mixed (MIP/MILP-Mixed Integer/Linear Integer Programming) models. These models are equipped with a smart form. Although they are well known in the OR (Operation Research) environment, they have significant drawbacks. First of all, they must support only linear constraints. For problems of larger dimensions search for solutions is long and inefficient. This paper proposes a CSP-based decision model for SCM and its implementation in the CLP (Constraint Logic Programming). In addition, it presents a novel way of constraints propagation using the structure of the problem.

PL

Decyzje w zarządzaniu łańcuchem dostaw mogą być rozpatrywane na różnych poziomach szczegółowości. Na poziomie strategicznym dotyczą samej struktury i architektury łańcucha, na poziomie taktycznym wyboru floty transportowej, a na poziomie operacyjnym wyboru tras dostaw itd. Opracowano wiele formalnych modeli zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw. Najczęściej były to modele programowania matematycznego liniowego (LP) oraz całkowitoliczbowego (MILP). Chociaż posiadały struktury dobrze rozumiane w środowiskach (OR-Badań Operacyjnych), posiadały istotne wady. Po pierwsze, mogły zawierać jedynie ograniczenia liniowe. Po drugie nie były efektywne przy większych rozmiarach problemów decyzyjnych. W Artykule zaproponowano model decyzyjny dla łańcucha dostaw oparty na problemie spełnienia ograniczeń (CSP-based) oraz jego implementacji w środowisku programowania w logice z ograniczeniami (CLP). Dodatkowo zaprezentowano nowatorski sposób propagacji ograniczeń wykorzystujący strukturę problemu.

3

Możliwe struktury systemów hybrydowych w przetwarzaniu informacji nieprecyzyjnych dla rozwiązywania wieloaspektowych problemów optymalnego zużycia wody do nawadniania roślin

Baranowska E.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 57, nr 1

5-8

PL

Dążenie ludzi nauki do uzyskania coraz większego uproszczenia struktury modeli, a jednocześnie do coraz większej dokładności i wymiarowości, przynosi rezultaty w postaci tworzenia nowych modeli. Modelowanie ma zasadnicze znaczenie w działalności naukowej i inżynierskiej. Efektywne funkcjonowanie istniejących systemów nawadniania zależy od dokładności i precyzji modelowania. Przedsięwzięcie wielokierunkowe, jakim jest proces modelowania dla potrzeb inżynierii rolniczej wymaga połączenia wiedzy z różnych dyscyplin przyrodniczych: agrometeorologii, agrofizyki, gleboznawstwa, fizjologii roślin, uprawy roślin i wielu innych. Także wymaga interdyscyplinarnych zespołów badawczych. Wiodącym czynnikiem podnoszącym efektywność modelowania jest implementacja do istniejących modeli symulacyjnych pozyskanych za pomocą odpowiednich technik informacji. Ma to na celu minimalizację błędów symulacji. W pracy przedstawiono poglądowy zarys systemów hybrydowych.

EN

The desire of scientists to obtain an ever increasing simplification of the structure of models, whilst increasing the accuracy and dimensionality results in the creation of new models. Modeling is crucial in research and engineering. The efficient functioning of the existing irrigation systems depends on modeling accuracy and precision. The project which is a multidirection modeling process for agricultural engineering purposes requires a combination of knowledge from different disciplines of natural sciences: agrometeorology, agrophysics, soil science, plant physiology, cultivation and many others also requires interdisciplinary research teams. The leading factor in increasing the efficiency of modeling is to implement the existing simulation models obtained using the corresponding techniques of information. The aim is to minimize the minimize the errors of the simulation. The paper presents a pictorial overview of hybrid systems.

4

Optimization of hopper design by genetic algorithms

Yu Y., Pettersson F., Saxén H.

Computer Methods in Materials Science

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2011

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Vol. 11, No. 1

28-33

EN

In the handling of particulate matters, hoppers are frequently used as intermediate storages, but during their filling and emptying, particle size segregation may occur. The hopper geometry is known to affect the outflow pattern (mass flow or funnel flow), and possible inserts in the hopper can also affect the patterns and particle segregation. The present work studies the size segregation in hoppers by discrete element modeling. Due to the prohibitive computational effort required by the numerical technique, a factorial plan was applied to design a set of DEM experiments, where the geometry of the system was varied. The results of the DEM simulations form the basis for a black-box modeling, where the outflow patterns were described by a neural network. Using the arising neural model, the geometry was optimized by a genetic algorithm with respect to particle segregation of the outflow. The most promising solutions were finally verified by DEM simulations. Thus, the paper proposes a method by which complex software models can be used in challenging design problems avoiding excessive computational burden.

PL

Zbiorniki różnego typu są często używane jako pośrednie magazyny przy przechowywaniu i transporcie materiałów sypkich. Podczas napełniania i opróżniania zbiorników może wystąpić zjawisko segregacji cząstek. Kształt zsypu ma wpływ na schemat wypływu cząstek ze zbiornika (przepływ masowy lub lejkowaty), a poszczególne elementy zsypu mogą wpływać na sposób segregacji cząstek. W pracy przeprowadzono badania stopnia segregacji w zsypie wykorzystując metodę elementów dyskretnych (ang. discrete element modeling DEM). Ze względu na długie czasy obliczeń w tej metodzie, do prowadzenia obliczeń numerycznych zastosowano plan eksperymentu, w którym zmiennymi parametrami były kształt wstawki w zsypie oraz jej położenie. Uzyskane wyniki stanowią podstawę do opracowania modelu z wykorzystaniem sztucznej sieci neuronowej. Wykorzystując ten model przeprowadzono optymalizację kształtu wstawki metodą algorytmów genetycznych, przyjmując segregację jako funkcję celu. Najlepsze wyniki zostały następnie zweryfikowane metodą elementów dyskretnych. W konsekwencji zaproponowana metoda pozwala na rozwiązanie skomplikowanych problemów projektowania unikając znacznych nakładów obliczeniowych.

5

Egronomic analysis of anthropo-technical systems in the environment of catia-program

Cichański A., Wirwicki M.

Journal of Polish CIMAC

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2010

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Vol. 5, no 3

19-25

EN

Every engineer designer when designing the interior of a passenger car must obey certain norms and regulations. When engineer designer introduces innovative solutions of different equipment in the passenger car interior, he must create comfortable conditions for a driver. The article describes the applied issues concerning the interior ergonomics of a passenger car. A designer using CATIA type programs can put the designed model of car interior to work ergonomics analysis for basic service activities of a car driver. A male and female dummies from the European population were created for the purpose of conducting the analysis. The interior of a passenger car was designed and its most important elements were described. The engineer designer having general dimensions of the interior starts analysis which will be a base for the change in cabin dimensions. In this analysis two main positions of a driver were assumed: a sitting position with hands on steering wheel and a sitting position with a right hand holding gear shift stick. It was shown in which areas of the cabin of the passenger car changes in dimensions are necessary and then driver's comfort improvement was shown in percentage.

6

The new hybrid pneumo-electrical piston model of lungs mechanics - preliminary tests

Kozarski M., Zieliński K., Pałko K. J., Stankiewicz B., Bożewicz D., Darowski M.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2009

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Vol. 29, no. 3

3-18

EN

A design principle, construction and results of preliminary tests of a new hybrid physical-electrical model of lungs mechanics has been presented, The methods leading to development of lungs models of different complexity have been also included. The basic component of the model is a voltage controlled Bow source build up with a piston ~ cylinder system driven by a servomotor. This is used to develop a functional module playing a role of an impedance converter transforming an input electrical impedance Z0 of any electrical network connected to its electrical terminals into a pneumatic impedance Zin. Static and dynamic characteristics of the model connected to different pneumatic signal sources have been presented i.e. for the model connected with the respirator (expiration by the respiratory valve) and for the model with free unobstructed expiration. The very good dynamic features (time constant of the piston Bow source less than 1 ms) and a small resultant error of impedance conversion (less than 1%) enable the model to be applied in many application especially when new methods of lung ventilation are developed.

7

Hybrid modeling of biomedical systems and measuring nonlinear characteristics of biosignals for improving quality of life

Darowski M., Klonowski W., Kozarski M., Ferrari G., Zieliński K., Stępień R.

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2007

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Vol. 14, nr 1

89-100

EN

The main purpose of this paper is to present some metrological aspects of the new concept of hybrid modeling (combined physical and in silico) of biological systems as well as possible applications of nonlinear (symbolic) biosignal analysis for improving quality of life through modeling and knowledge-based measurements in medicine.