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State support for the implementation of peasants' land rights in Ukraine in the context of European integration

Moldavan Lubov, Pimenowa Olena, Prus Piotr

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 193

181--192

EN

The purpose of the article is to justify, on the basis of the theoretical foundations of the economic and social function of land property and generalization of the European practice in this area, the directions of changes in Ukraine's agrarian policy with a view to creating conditions under which small and medium-sized producers will remain participants of the agrarian market and will be able to realize their right to purchase land for agricultural production and fulfil their mission of maintaining the country's agri-food security and preserving the well-developed rural areas. Methods/methodology/approach. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: monographic (analysis of land use by small and medium-sized farms and their production); comparative analysis (identification of the peculiarities of institutional models of state support for the realization of peasants' rights to land in Ukraine and EU member states); empirical (assessment of the consequences for small and medium-sized agribusiness of the current legislation on liberalization of the agricultural land market); abstract and logical (generalization and formation of the main conclusions and recommendations). Findings. The results of the study indicate the importance of implementing radical changes in Ukraine's agrarian policy concerning small and medium-sized farms, which is the main factor in the formation of the farming agricultural system and the suspension of further development of the processes of financialization of agricultural land and the formation of an oligarchic-latifundist type of land use. The impossibility of small and medium-sized farms to participate in the land market due to lack of access to long-term credit has been proven. Recommendations have been developed to bring the institutional model of state support for the financial capabilities of small and medium-sized farms to expand land use as an important factor in increasing their competitiveness in line with the Western European legal framework and practice, which is required by Ukraine's expected European integration. Originality/scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the substantiation of the state policy aimed at socializing the agricultural land market in Ukraine by forming an institutional model of financial support for the realization of peasants' rights to land in the context of European integration.

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Trends in animal production from organic farming [review]

Wójcik W., Solarczyk P., Łukasiewicz M., Puppel K., Kuczyńska B.

Acta Innovations

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2018

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no. 28

32--39

EN

Organic farming is an alternative method for dynamic agricultural system. Products that are obtained from organic farming are referred to as ecological or organic food [1]. These include products of animal origin that come from organic farming [2]. In the case of animal production in organic farming there are particular requirements for breed, animal welfare and feeding. Additionally, the origins of animals is also of crucial importance since, basically, such animals should be purchased from organic farms. However, there can be exceptions to this requirement, for instance, if the number of animals of a particular species or of a specific breed is not sufficient [3]. The main idea behind organic production is obtaining plant or animal products maintaining good soil structure, clean water and adjusting to the natural rhythm of nature. Enhancement of the social status has led to the situation where consumers pay more attention to the quality and origins of the products they choose. Numerous scientific papers from recent years, based on consumer’s opinion, show substantial impact of welfare system on the quality of animal products. Since ‘90s there has been a systematic surge of interest in products from ecological systems and demand for these, which in turn affect the development of this agricultural sector. The aim of the work is to compare the changes in organic production over the last 26 years in Poland with reference to the situation in Europe and whole globe. The research has been done on the basis of statistics since 1990 up till now as well as on scientific studies. Nowadays, there are increasing numbers of farms and redirections of production, as well as changes in the sizes of farms producing organic food.

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Bilans fosforu i potasu w wybranych gospodarstwach gminy Rozdrażew

Borówczak F., Czubak H.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 58, nr 3

55--58

PL

Praca przedstawia bilans fosforu i potasu w 100 wybranych gospodarstwach gminy Rozdrażew. W przeprowadzonych badaniach rolnych dodatni bilans fosforu stwierdzono w 99 gospodarstwach. W 70 gospodarstwach dodatnie saldo bilansowe składnika przekroczyło 30 kg P2O5/ha UR. W przypadku potasu dodatnia różnica bilansowa miała miejsce w 81 gospodarstwach. W 32 gospodarstwach była ona większa niż 30 kg K2O/ha UR. Spośród uprawianych roślin największe dodatnią różnicę bilansową fosforu (przekraczające 30 kg P2O5/ha) stwierdzono w uprawie buraków pastewnych, kukurydzy w uprawie na kiszonkę, buraków cukrowych, kukurydzy w uprawie na ziarno, ziemniaków, rzepaku ozimego i łubinu. Największe dodatnie różnice bilansowe potasu stwierdzono w przypadku pszenicy ozimej, buraków pastewnych, buraków cukrowych i gorczycy w uprawie na nasiona.

EN

In this paper the balance of phosphorus and potassium in 100 selected farms of Rozdrażew community is presented. It was stated in carried out research the surplus balance of phosphorus in 99 farms. In 70 farms the surplus value of balance of this component was larger than 30 kg P2O5 per 1 ha of agriculturally utilized area. In case of potassium, the surplus balance occurred in 81 examined farms. In 32 farms it was larger than 30 kg K20/ha of UAA. Among cultivated plants the highest surplus balance value of phosphorus was stated in fodder beet, silage maize, sugar beet, maize grown for grain, winter rape and lupine cultivation. The highest value of potassium balance was found in case of winter wheat, fodder beet, sugar beet and white mustard grown for seeds.

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Bilans azotu w wybranych gospodarstwach gminy Rozdrażew

Borówczak F., Czubak H.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 58, nr 3

50--54

PL

Praca przedstawia bilans azotu w 100 wybranych gospodarstwach rolnych gminy Rozdrażew. Badania obejmowały określenie: obsady zwierząt, produkcji azotu w nawozach naturalnych, bilans azotu dla gospodarstw jak i uprawianych roślin. Produkcja azotu w nawozach naturalnych i jego bilans były porównywane z regulacjami obowiązującymi w Polsce. Stwierdzono, że w badanych gospodarstwach obsada zwierząt była wysoka (w 72,0% gospodarstw ponad 1 DJP) i w czterech gospodarstwach produkcja azotu w nawozach naturalnych przekraczała dopuszczalną ilość 170 kg/ha UR. W 55 gospodarstwach (55,0% ogółu gospodarstw) dodatnia różnica bilansowa azotu (wprowadzonego w nawozach naturalnych i mineralnych minus pobranego w plonach roślin) była większa niż dozwolona 30 kg/ha UR. Spośród uprawianych roślin w badanych gospodarstwach największe dodatnie różnice bilansowe stwierdzono w przypadku uprawy pszenicy ozimej, jęczmienia ozimego, kukurydzy w uprawie na ziarno i kiszonkę, buraków pastewnych, rzepaku ozimego i traw w uprawie polowej.

EN

In the paper the balance of nitrogen in 100 selected farms of Rozdrażew community is presented. Results concern: livestock density, production of nitrogen in animal organic fertilizers, balance of nitrogen in farms as well as for cultivated plants. Production of nitrogen in animal organic fertilizers and its balance were compared to regulation being in force in Poland. It was stated that in examined farms livestock density was high (in 72.0% of farms over 1 large livestock unit) and in four farms production of nitrogen in animal organic fertilizers was larger than allowed amount of 170 kg per 1 ha of agriculturally utilized area. In 55 farms (55.0% of total farms) the surplus balance difference of nitrogen (brought in organic and mineral fertilizers minus uptake in yields of plants) was larger than allowed 30 kg/ha of UAA. Among cultivated plants in examined farms the highest surplus balance value of nitrogen was stated in case of winter wheat, winter barley, grain and silage maize, fodder beet, winter rape and forage grasses.