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Identification and quantification of fatty acids in hunting web of adult Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae) female spiders

Zimny Dżastin, Patrzałek Michał, Kowalska Teresa, Sajewicz Mieczysław, Surmiak-Stalmach Kinga, Wilczek Grażyna

Acta Chromatographica

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2022

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Vol. 34, no. 1

71--76

EN

This is the first study on composition of fatty acids in hunting web of Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae) spiders and one of only four similar studies ever made. Its main contribution is a discovery that fatty acids not only cover an outside of the web fibers, but they are even more abundantly represented in the fibers’ inner structure. Although little attention has been so far attributed to the contents of fatty acids in spider silks, one has to remember that their biocompatibility combined with an extraordinary tensile strength make them a worth investigating template for material bioengineering studies.

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Unconventional vegetable oils as raw materials for biodiesel production

Ambrosewicz-Walacik M., Tańska M., Walacik M., Kozłowski M.

Combustion Engines

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2017

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R. 56, nr 1

197--200

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the possibility of using the unconventional vegetable oils for the biofuel production. The research material were cold-pressed oils from the seeds of milk thistle, hemp and evening primrose. After conducting the initial physicochemical characteristics of oil samples, including the determination of sulphur content, acid number, viscosity at 40°C, density at 15ºC, oxidation stability and fatty acid composition, analysed oils have been subjected to the transesterification process. The roduced methyl esters were further characterized by the above-mentioned features. Additionally, the temperatures of cold filter plugging point, cloud point and flash point were determined. On the basis of the conducted analyses it was demonstrated that the obtained oils, due to the high, far in excess of acceptable, values of the viscosity and density, and too low oxidative stability could not be used as a pure fuel. A similar conclusion was formulated in case of the produced methyl esters.

3

Fatty acid composition as a parameter of using vegetable oils for biofuel production

Ambrosewicz-Walacik M., Tańska M., Walacik M.

Combustion Engines

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2017

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R. 56, nr 2

38--42

EN

The aim of the study was to show the validity of determining the quality of oils intendent for the biofuels production. One of the main discriminant that should be used to assess the suitability of oil raw materials for the fuel purposes is the composition of fatty acids. The research was conducted on 13 different samples of vegetable oils, that were cold-pressed from the seeds of various species, including rape, camelina, flax (light and dark), mustard, milk thistle, hemp, evening primrose oil, amaranth, sunflower, soybean, and cumin. The analysis of the fatty acid composition showed significant differences between the analysed oil samples, both within the species and varieties of oilseeds. The results indicate the need for continuous quality control of oils and fats led to the production of biodiesel in the small households and large commercial enterprises, because as it was indicated by the analysis of fatty acids composition rape seeds of different varieties are characterized by the diverse quality.

4

The effect of the ultrasounds treatment on frying oils intended for biodiesel production

Ambrosewicz-Walacik M., Szostak P., Nitkiewicz S., Tańska M., Walacik M.

Journal of KONES

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2016

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Vol. 23, No. 3

19--24

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the ultrasounds treatment of frying oil on their properties important in order to biodiesel production. The research material was a frying oil, which prior to transesterification oil was treated with ultrasounds (37 kHz) during 15, 30 and 60 min. In next step, prepared samples were analysed in terms of fatty acid composition, acid value, FFA % and then subjected to alkali transesterification process. After producing methyl esters the yield of biodiesel was analysed with thin liquid chromatography technique (TLC), and then samples were characterized in terms of viscosity in 40 °C, density at 15 °C, acid value, sulphur content and flash point. The results showed that an ultrasonic treatment had a little impact on the fatty acid composition of the test samples. The yield of biodiesel was the higher the longer time of ultrasounds treatment were used. One the other hand, determined with thin liquid chromatography technique yield of biodiesel was the higher the longer time of ultrasounds treatment were used. What is more, the ultrasounds treatment of oil before transesterification process had no impact on viscosity, density and acid value of these samples, while flash point values and sulphur content were changed.

5

Olej rzepakowy - jego wartość żywieniowa i użytkowa

Krygier K.

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2009

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T. 63, nr 7

16-20

PL

W Polsce olej rzepakowy nie ma dobrej opinii, zapewne z powodu dawniej uprawianych odmian o wysokiej zawartości szkodliwego kwasu erukowego, z którego otrzymywało się olej o ostrym zapachu i ciemnej barwie. Dzisiejsze odmiany (często nazywane canola) są w zasadzie bez kwasu erukowego, a otrzymywany z nich olej jest bez zapachu, bardzo jasny i bardzo wartościowy pod względem żywieniowym. Przede wszystkim charakteryzuje się korzystnym składem kwasów tłuszczowych - najmniejsza zawartość kwasów nasyconych i największa kwasów nienasyconych, w tym kwasów n-3. Olej rzepakowy ma również wysoką wartość użytkową: bardzo wysoka stabilność, polecany jest do smażenia, do produkcji emulsji majonezowych, a nawet, w postaci ciekłej, do niektórych ciast.

EN

In Poland rape-seed oil has not so good opinion. Probably this is due to the still persisting opinion on previous, old varieties characterized by high content of unhealthy erucic acid, pungent odor and dark color. Today's varieties (called very often canola) practically contain no erucic acid, have light color and no flavor, and are nutritionally very valuable. First of all the fatty acid composition is of the highest value among common fats and oils: the lowest content of unhealthy saturated fatty acids and the highest of healthy unsaturated fatty acids, especially those of n-3 fatty acids. Rape-seed oil has also a very high culinary value: very high stability, very good for frying, for production of mayonnaise like emulsions, and even as a liquid oil for some cakes.