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Investigation of porosity behavior in SLS polyamide-12 samples using ex-situ X-ray computed tomography

Ziółkowski Grzegorz, Grochowska Emilia, Kęszycki Dawid, Gruber Piotr, Hoppe Viktoria, Szymczyk-Ziółkowska Patrycja, Kurzynowski Tomasz

Materials Science Poland

2021

Vol. 39, No. 3

436--445

The paper presents a detailed description of the method of carrying out static tensile tests in ex-situ X-ray computed tomography (XCT) conditions. The study compares samples manufactured with the use of additive technology in two orientations, horizontally and vertically, which correspond to the in-layer and between-layer sintering mechanisms. Both the fracture mechanism and porosity behavior differed significantly for the two manufacturing directions. The conducted analysis made it possible to compare the changes in porosity, the number of pores, and also their diameters and shape before and after the tensile test. This allows for in-depth identification and better understanding of the phenomena occurring during the static tensile test of polyamide-12 samples manufactured using selective laser sintering (SLS) technology.

Effect of Fabrication Method of Fe-TiB2 Nanocomposite Powders on Spark-Plasma Sintering Behavior

Bae Sun-Woo, Huynh Xuan-Khoa, Kim Ji-Soon

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2020

Vol. 65, iss. 3

1023--1028

In this study, Fe-40wt% TiB2 nanocomposite powders were fabricated by two different methods: (1) conventional powder metallurgical process by simple high-energy ball-milling of Fe and TiB2 elemental powders (ex-situ method) and (2) high-energy ball-milling of the powder mixture of (FeB+TiH2 ) followed by reaction synthesis at high temperature (in-situ method). The ex-situ powder was prepared by planetary ball-milling at 700 rpm for 2 h under an Ar-gas atmosphere. The in-situ powder was prepared under the same milling condition and heat-treated at 900°C for 2 h under flowing argon gas in a tube furnace to form TiB2 particulates through a reaction between FeB and Ti. Both Fe-TiB2 composite powder compacts were sintered by a spark-plasma sintering (SPS) process. Sintering was performed at 1150°C for the ex-situ powder compact and at 1080°C for the in-situ powder for 10 minutes under 50 MPa of sintering pressure and 0.1 Pa vacuum for both processes. The heating rate was 50°/min to reach the sintering temperature. Results from analysis of shrinkage and microstructural observation showed that the in-situ composite powder compacts had a homogeneous and fine microstructure compared to the ex-situ preparation, even though the sintered densities were almost the same (99.6 and 99.8% relative density, respectively).

Pomiary in-situ jednorodności temperatury i ex-situ grubości osadzonej warstwy w systemie epitaksjalnym AIXTRON CCS 3 x 2’’

Pokryszka Piotr, Wośko Mateusz, Paszkiewicz Regina

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

2019

R. 95, nr 10

173--176

W pracy przedstawiono sposób kalibracji temperatury procesu epitaksji w systemie AIXTRON CCS 3x2’’. Kalibrowany system pirometryczny umożliwia monitorowanie in-situ temperatury podłoża na 5’’ grafitowej podstawie, w zakresie temperatur od 400 ͦC do 1300 ͦC z dokładnością do 2 ͦC. Również przedstawiono stanowisko i metodę pomiarową z wykorzystaniem interferencji do określania grubości wytworzonej warstwy. Jako źródło światła wykorzystano ciało doskonale czarne rozgrzane do temperatury 1060 ͦC i heterostrukturę AlGaN/GaN/Al203. Pomiary grubości warstwy zostały wykonane ex-situ, lecz z powodzeniem mogą zostać wykonane in-situ.

The paper presents the method of temperature calibration of the epitaxy process in the AIXTRON CCS 3x2'' system. The pyrometric system calibrated allows to monitor in-situ the temperature of the substrate on a 5'' graphite base, within the temperature range from 400 ͦC to 1300 ͦC with an accuracy of 2 ͦC. Also the stand and the measurement method with the use of interference to determine the thickness of the created layer are presented. As a light source, a black body heated to 1060 ͦC and heterostructure AlGaN/GaN/Al203 were used. Layer thickness measurements were taken ex-situ, but can be successfully done in-situ.