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1 2006

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Recent Developments in Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Steroids - An Alternative Approach to Steroidal Carbonyl Compounds and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Skoda-Foldes R., Kollar L.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

2006

Vol. 80, nr 4

587-604

There is an increasing interest in developing new strategies to introduce functional groups into specific positions of steroidal nuclei in order to modify their biological properties. Transition metal catalyzed reactions have proved to be versatile tools both for the construction of the steroid framework from easily available building blocks and for the functionalization of the steroidal skeleton. By palladium-catalyzed carbonylation, carbon monoxide can be introduced directly into a number of different sites in an organic molecule leading to the synthesis of aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, lactones, lactames, etc. The products can often be obtained in good yield and with high selectivity usually under very mild conditions. In addition, palladium-catalyzed carbonylation is compatible with many functional groups, and therefore, more advantageous than conventional methods. In the present paper the most important achievements in carbonylation of steroidal substrates is reviewed together with a more detailed discussion of our own results obtained in this field.