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1

Unrecognized posterior dislocation of the humeral joint - a case report in the electronic decision-making system

Dygut Jacek, Boroń Wiktor, Gołda Maria, Piwowar Monika

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

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2019

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Vol. 15, no. 3

art. no. 20190025

EN

The paper presents a description of a humeral joint dislocation case placed in full version in the electronic system of presenting content and making decisions. The purpose of the publication is to draw the attention of especially young, inexperienced adepts of medical art to the fact of making mistakes in the medical art. The process of dealing with the correct and incorrect procedures that occur while trying to identify a medical problem is discussed. The presented case gives the opportunity to have a broad view of the issue and is also faced with the need to make decisions by choosing the course of action, at every stage of analyzing the case. Mistakenly made decisions are explained. Finally, the correct diagnosis and medical procedure about the case of a humeral joint dislocation is presented.

2

Benchmarking DBMS for control purposes in real time systems

Świerczyńska D.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Elektryka / Politechnika Opolska

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2017

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z. 75

111--112

EN

In this paper certain benefits of using proposed architecture of policybased decision making system with additional cache memory have been presented. A number of simulation for different scenarios have been cared out In order to show same relevant findings.

3

Application of AHP method to assess the possibilities of using of geological structures located in the aquifers as underground storage sites

Lewandowska-Śmierzchalska J., Uliasz-Misiak B.

AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas

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2017

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Vol. 34, no. 2

361--374

EN

Decision-making problem with assessing of the suitability of geological structures located in aquifers in terms of their use for carbon storage, natural gas storage or waste injection is mainly connected with the necessity of taking into consideration a large number of criteria and analyze a lot of parameters. It also connected with making many independent decisions concerning geological, environmental, social, political, technical or legal issues. This article shows the possibility of using the AHP method, ie. multi-criteria hierarchical methods to analysis of decision problems in assessment the potential of aquifers. AHP method allows to take reasonable decision. The article was divided into three parts. The first one includes a characteristics of geological structures located in aquifers, special attention was paid to the criteria describing these structures. In the second part, the basis for decision-making system based on the method of AHP, which was used to carry out the hierarchical scoping assessment of potential structures. Validation of decision-making system was realized on selected geological structures located on the Polish Lowlands. An assessment of the possibilities to use the two anticline in the Mesozoic aquifers was made. As a result, received the criteria ranking, rankings of decision variants to all criteria and global ranking of variants. Based on the results obtained can be determine which decision represents a priority way of use structure.

4

Struktura systemu i przepływy informacji w systemie wspomagania decyzji służb ratunkowych

Dziemba Ł., Senczyna S.

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

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2016

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z. 2 (14)

119--130

PL

U podstaw sprawnego działania służb prewencji i ratownictwa w przeciwdziałaniu skutkom zdarzeń kryzysowych leży ścisła koordynacja i współpraca. Ta koordynacja i współpraca jest osiągana przez rozwiązania organizacyjne oparte na zintegrowanym systemie decyzyjnym i wspomaganiu narzędziami informatycznymi. W kontekście organizacji służb prewencji i ratowniczych, istotą narzędzi informatycznych jest udostępnianie informacji kluczowych dla systemu decyzyjnego akcji ratowniczej. W publikacji, w oparciu o założenie o indywidualnych charakterze zdarzenia kryzysowego oraz znaczeniu informacji o środowisku, w pierwszej części przedstawiamy strukturę i przepływy informacji systemu wspomagania systemu decyzyjnego, w warunkach sytuacji kryzysowej. W tworzeniu informatycznych narzędzi wspomagania systemu decyzyjnego potrzebne są wzorce procesów decyzyjnych. W drugiej części publikacji przedstawiono studium przypadku i jego zastosowanie w tworzeniu wzorców procesów decyzyjnych.

EN

At the core of the smooth operation of services of prevention and rescue in counteracting the effects of emergency events lies close coordination and cooperation. This coordination and cooperation is achieved through organizational solutions based on an integrated decision-making and supporting IT tools. In the context of the organization of prevention and rescue services, the essence of tools is to provide key information for decision-making system rescue. The publication, based on the assumption of the individual nature of an incident and the importance of environmental information, in the first part of the present structure and flow of information system supporting decision-making system, in conditions of crisis. In the creation of information tools supporting decision-making system are needed patterns of decision-making processes. In the second part of the paper presents a case study and its use in the creation of patterns of decision-making processes.

5

System podejmowania decyzji wspomagający dobór nasta układu napędowego statku ze śrubą nastawną

Rudzki K., Tarełko W.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 6

1098--1102, CD 2

PL

Armatorzy statków są zainteresowani jak najmniejszymi kosztami ich eksploatacji. Są one głównie związane ze zużyciem zasobów takich jak: paliwo oraz czas żeglugi do wyznaczanego celu. Zatem zachodzi konieczność efektywnego gospodarowania tymi zasobami. Pojawia się wówczas problem racjonalnego doboru nastaw pracy układu napędowego złożonego z silnika spalinowego i śruby napędowej. Z uwagi na różnorodne warunki odbywania żeglugi, podjęcie takiej decyzji jest zadaniem wyjątkowo trudnym, szczególnie w sytuacji dużej niepewności dotyczącej warunków meteorologicznych. Z tego względu został zbudowany system podejmowania decyzji wspomagający dobór tych nastaw. Jego głównym elementem jest zaprezentowany model podejmowania decyzji.

EN

Ship-operators are interested in decreasing their operational costs. They are mainly connected with expenditure of resources such as: fuel and sailing time to reach a destination. Therefore there is a necessity to manage them in an effective way. Then it appears a problem of optimal selection of settings for engine ship propulsion compounded from both the marine engine and the controllable pitch propeller. In such a case, making decision regarding the mentioned problem is a very difficult task due to changeable marine conditions. Therefore we have developed a method for building the computer aided-system supporting selection of these settings. Its main part is the presented decision-making model.

6

Wieloagentowy system decyzyjny z dynamicznie generowanymi rozłącznymi klastrami

Przybyła-Kasperek M.

Studia Informatica

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2013

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Vol. 34, nr 2A

275--294

PL

Artykuł zawiera zagadnienia związane z procesem podejmowania decyzji globalnych na podstawie wiedzy rozproszonej, przechowywanej w kilku lokalnych bazach wiedzy. W artykule zaproponowano nowe podejście do organizacji struktury systemu umożliwiającego podejmowanie decyzji na podstawie wiedzy rozproszonej. W prezentowanym podejściu rozpatrywany jest system o dynamicznej strukturze. Będziemy dążyć do wyznaczenia grup lokalnych baz wiedzy, na podstawie których wyznaczane są zgodne decyzje dla obiektu testowego. Następnie w utworzonych grupach realizowany będzie proces eliminacji niespójności wiedzy. Decyzje globalne podejmowane są z wykorzystaniem jednej z metod analizy konfliktu. Artykuł zawiera definicję wieloagentowego systemu decyzyjnego o strukturze dynamicznej oraz definicję dynamicznie generowanych klastrów. Przedstawiono opis procesu wyznaczania decyzji globalnych oraz wyniki eksperymentów przeprowadzonych na danych z repozytorium UCI.

EN

The paper includes issues related to process of global decision-making on the basis of knowledge which is stored in several local knowledge bases. The paper proposes a new approach to organization of structure of multi-agent decision- making system, operating on the basis of dispersed knowledge. In the presented system, the local knowledge bases will be combined into groups in a dynamic way. We will seek to designate groups of local bases on which the test object is classified to the decision classes in a similar manner. Then in the created groups a process of elimination inconsistencies in the knowledge will be implemented. Global decisions will be made by using one of the methods of analysis of conflict. The paper includes the definition of multi-agent decision-making system with dynamically generated clusters and a description of global decision-making process. In addition, the paper presents results of experiments carried out on data from the UCI repository.

7

xEmotion - obliczeniowy model emocji dedykowany dla inteligentnych systemów decyzyjnych

Kowalczuk Z., Czubenko M.

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

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2013

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R. 17, nr 2

60-65

PL

Artykuł prezentuje cybernetyczne podejście do zagadnienia modelowania ludzkich emocji, oparte na psychologicznych teoriach (ocennej i somatycznej). Opracowany model przeznaczony jest do integracji z Inteligentnym Systemem Decyzyjnym - IDS. Może być on używany jako silnik aplikacji lub jako system sterowania niezależnego urządzenia, np. robota autonomicznego.

EN

The paper presents a cybernetic approach to the task of modelling human emotions based on the psychology theories (both appraisal and somatic theories are applied). The proposed system is designed for integration into an intelligent system of decision-making - IDS. It can, for instance, be used as an application engine, as well as, a control system in autonomous unit.

8

Application of Reduction of the Set of Conditional Attributes in the Process of Global Decision-making

Przybyła-Kasperek M., Wakulicz-Deja A.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2013

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Vol. 122, nr 4

327--355

EN

The paper includes a discussion of issues related to the process of global decision-making on the basis of information stored in several local knowledge bases. The local knowledge bases contain information on the same subject, but are defined on different sets of conditional attributes that are not necessarily disjoint. A decision-making system, which uses a number of knowledge bases, makes global decisions on the basis of a set of conditional attributes specified for all of the local knowledge bases used. The paper contains a description of a multi-agent decision-making system with a hierarchical structure. Additionally, it briefly overviews methods of inference that enable global decision-making in this system and that were proposed in our earlier works. The paper also describes the application of the conditional attributes reduction technique to local knowledge bases. Our main aim was to investigate the effect of attribute reduction on the efficiency of inference in such a system. For a measure of the efficiency of inference, we mean mainly an error rate of classification, for which a definition is given later in this paper. Therefore, our goal was to reduce the error rate of classification.

9

Ocena efektywności wnioskowania wieloagentowego systemu decyzyjnego działającego na podstawie reguł decyzyjnych, wygenerowanych z wykorzystaniem lokalnych baz wiedzy

Przybyła-Kasperek M.

Studia Informatica

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2012

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Vol. 33, nr 2A

419-437

PL

Artykuł zawiera zagadnienia dotyczące procesu podejmowania decyzji globalnych na podstawie wiedzy zgromadzonej w kilku lokalnych bazach wiedzy. Lokalne bazy wiedzy zawierają informacje dotyczące tej samej dziedziny, ale określone są na różnych zbiorach atrybutów warunkowych, które nie muszą być rozłączne. Artykuł zawiera opis wieloagentowego systemu decyzyjnego o strukturze hierarchicznej oraz propozycję metody eliminacji niespójności wiedzy, działającej na podstawie reguł decyzyjnych, wygenerowanych z użyciem lokalnych baz wiedzy. Głównym celem artykułu jest porównanie efektywności wnioskowania, uzyskanej przy zastosowaniu metody eliminacji niespójności wiedzy, działającej na podstawie reguł decyzyjnych z efektywnością wnioskowania, otrzymaną przy zastosowaniu znanych z literatury metod eliminacji niespójności wiedzy.

EN

The paper includes issues related to process of global decision-making on the basis of knowledge which is stored in several local knowledge bases. The local knowledge bases, that are used, contain information on the same subject, but are defined on different sets of conditional attributes that are not necessarily disjoint. The paper contains a description of a multi-agent decision-making system with a hierarchical structure. In the paper a method of elimination inconsistencies in the knowledge operating on the basis of decision rules generated based on local knowledge bases was proposed. The main aim of this paper is to compare the efficiency of inference obtained using the method of elimination inconsistencies in the knowledge operating on the basis of decision rules, with the efficiency of inference obtained using the methods of elimination inconsistencies in the knowledge, which are known from the literature.

10

Complex analysis of rupture risk of intracranial saccular aneurysms upon hemodynamic and geometric parameters

Szafrański K.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2009

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Vol. 29, no. 1

43-59

EN

The paper includes a new concept of assessment of rupture risk of intracranial saccular aneurysms using geometric and hemodynamic parameters of aneurysm, artery and blood. Previous decision systems are mainly based on the size of aneurysm and frequency of subarrachnoid hemorrhages, therefore after performing simulation tests it has been proved that the complex assessment of clinical cases is possible thanks to evaluation of shape and size coefficient of a secondary aneurysm occurring on the surface of a primary aneurysm, width of a primary aneurysm neck, curvature of an artery on which a primary aneurysm is located and the size of blood impingement area at artery wall. The paper contains results of the simulation tests of blood flow in the primary and secondary aneurysm, as well as verification of proposed criteria of rupture risk assessment for 5 clinical cases.

11

Reprezentacja wiedzy w komputerowo wspomaganym systemie identyfikacji obszaru zagrożenia dla operatora w siłowni okrętowej.

Podsiadło A., Tarełko W.

Zagadnienia Eksploatacji Maszyn

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2007

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Vol. 42, nr 1

157-171

PL

W artykule przedstawiono metodę rozwiązania decyzyjnego problemu identyfikacji elementów obszaru zagrożenia dla operatora w siłowni okrętowej z wykorzystaniem tzw. modelu bazowego nazywanego reprezentacją wiedzy. W tym celu sformułowano problem decyzyjny, zaprezentowano algorytm jego rozwiązania oraz uczestników procesu rozwiązania problemu (ekspert, projektant systemu, komputer) i ich zadania. Do budowy modelu bazowego wykorzystano dwa sposoby reprezentacji wiedzy o procesie identyfikacji elementów obszaru zagrożenia: reprezentację logiczną w postaci relacyjnej bazy wiedzy oraz reprezentację strukturalną w postaci grafów.

EN

Ship power plants have to accomplish requirements of future users, i.e. a machinery crew. As a rule, these requirements are formulated in the form of a set of ship power plant properties that are realized at various stages of the product life-cycle. These properties of ship power plants are 'built-in' at the development stage of a design process. In order to achieve the desired levels of the selected properties, designers should take into account many various design principles. One of the general design principles is 'design for safety'. It means that the ship power plant has to meet requirements of the safety. One of the possible solutions for increasing the operator's safety is to build a computer-aided system supporting design process of safe ship power plants. Such a system is being developed in Gdynia Maritime University. This paper deals with the computer-aided system for hazard zone identification in ship power plants. In every procedure involving identification actions, we could observe that one of the typical multiple recurrent activities is an act of deciding. It is obvious that such an activity should be preceded by appropriate actions preparing this decision. For enabling an appropriate course of these actions, we should constitute an appropriate framework, for example in the form of a decisions-making system. In our approach, all decision-making problems are solved by means of a base model called knowledge representation. The base model uses the following ways of knowledge representation concerning the process of hazard zone identification: - logical representation in the form of the relative knowledge base, - structural representation in the form of the graphs. Both kinds of the mentioned knowledge are stored in the knowledge base of the computer-aided system for hazard zone identification in ship power plants. Realization of a decision-making process for hazard zone identification requires the development of an appropriate procedure. This procedure is realized in such a way that a system user, using the knowledge base and taking the internal and external restrictions into account, determines its stages by attributing the special comparative values worked out. In this way, the user makes a decision concerning the degree of hazard for operators within the identified hazard zone. Thus, this decision-making procedure consists of carrying out the selection of dangerous or harmful factors and their values (input variable values), which could trigger off any consequences for operators (output variable values). Based on these determined values, the system should calculate a value of an index expressing influence of dangerous and harmful factors on hazards for operators. In depend on the received value, the system proposes a proper strategy of safety design for the selected hazard situation element, for instance: - withdrawing operators to more safe places by means of replacing a machinery component together with operations to be involved, - decreasing hazards for operators by selecting suitable design features of machinery components which can reduce influence of dangerous and harmful factors, - remaining the considered design solution without any changes. An algorithm of generating solution for the hazard zone identification task in a ship power plant completes the description of the knowledge representation in computer-aided system for hazard zone identification for operators of ship power plants.

12

Modelowanie procesu podejmowania decyzji w systemie identyfikacji obszaru zagrożenia dla operatora w siłowni okrętowej.

Podsiadło A., Tarełko W.

Zagadnienia Eksploatacji Maszyn

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2006

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Vol. 41, nr 4

131-144

PL

System identyfikacji obszaru zagrożenia dla operatora stanowi pierwszy moduł, opracowywanego w Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni, komputerowo wspomaganego systemu projektowania bezpiecznych siłowni okrętowych. W artykule wyróżniono system decyzyjny identyfikacji obszaru zagrożenia, a następnie przedstawiono go za pomocą opisu dążenia do zamierzonego celu, wykorzystując w tym celu formalną interpretację ogólnego problemu podejmowania decyzji. Na podstawie tego opisu sformułowano zadanie identyfikacji oraz wyznaczono i określono charakterystyczne cechy zbiorów elementów systemu decyzyjnego, tj. zmiennych wejściowych, wynikowych oraz elementów obszaru zagrożenia. Przedstawiono także założenia budowy zbioru miar wartości umożliwiającego pomiar stopnia dążenia systemu decyzyjnego do celu oraz zdefiniowano wskaźniki realizacji tego celu.

EN

Many international reports show us that the most dangerous spaces of ships are their power plants. Moreover, their specificity allows us to assert that their every space can be more or less dangerous for operators carrying out any kind operation. For this reason, ship power plants should be well-designed to minimize possible hazards for their operators. Therefore, the International Maritime Organization has paid attention to this factor by developing guidelines including general principles for design of safe ship power plants. As a rule, they do not have an obligatory character and therefore engineers can ignore them. Today, in order to force engineers to take into account the mentioned guidelines, many maritime design offices have introduced so-called quality control systems to the design process like ISO or TQM. According to these systems, engineers responsible for safety issues have to participate in design reviews. In this approach, they can offer some remarks and suggestions concerning design solutions but only after the fact. Acceptance of their suggestions can trigger off the necessity for redesign which, in turn, could entail increasing the design cost and time. The paper deals with the computer-aided system for hazard zone identification in ship power plants. Some issues connected with modelling of a decision-making process coursing in the developed decision-making system are presented. Particularly, for enabling an appropriate course of that process, we have constituted the framework in the form of a decision-making system. In this decision-making system, we selected the following system elements: a set of input variables (dangerous and harmful factors which can trigger off hazards for operators); a set of elementary hazard situations (collection of a ship machinery component and an operational activity constitutes the set of an elementary hazard situation); a set of output variables (types of hazards for operators), a set of decisions and a set of comparative values allowing to compare the decisions to be reached by the user's system. Moreover, we distinguished the following two functions; influence of dangerous and harmful factors on hazards for operators (triggering off potential hazards for operators) and assessment of a hazard level. Any combination of these elements sets up the decision-making system for hazard zone identification in a ship power plant. Nevertheless, the presented functions allow us to consider such a system as relations between its inputs and outputs variables. According to the existing relations between sets of these variables, we can develop various types of desired models. In our approach, we have adopted relations in the form of prepositional functions. When we want to apply these functions, then we have the question: how to evaluate their logical values? In our opinion, assessments of experts in the field of design, operation, and maintenance of ship power plants could be successively used for this purpose. Their experience, intuition, and understanding of the nature of the matter should allow them to assess the influence of dangerous and harmful factors on hazards for operators and the hazard level. Moreover, the developed decision making system of hazard zone identification sets up the space of possible solutions facilitating knowledge acquisition from experts. It is obvious that experts can formulate their opinions using verbal language. In many cases, such opinions are ambiguous and cannot be analyzed by computers. Therefore, these opinions should be converted into language that can be interpreted by computers.