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1

Effect of water quality on the spatial distribution of charophytes in the Peshawar Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Khuram Izaz, Ahmad Nadeem, Barinova Sophia

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2021

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Vol. 50, No. 4

359--372

EN

The presented research was conducted in 2018–2019 in the Peshawar Valley, Pakistan, to study for the first time the effect of water quality on the spatial distribution of charophytes. A total of six taxa of charophytes were found at 41 sites in the Peshawar Valley along the banks of seven rivers, 16 streams and two wetlands: Chara braunii C.C.Gmelin, C. connivens Salzmann ex A.Braun, C. contraria A.Braun ex Kützing, C. globularis Thuiller, C. vulgaris Linnaeus, and Nitellopsis obtusa (Desvaux) J.Groves. Chara vulgaris was the most abundant species, followed by C. globularis, and C. contraria. Water pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity and dissolved oxygen (DO) were within the permissible limits for Pakistan, while water temperature, oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and resistivity showed deviations. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that DO affected Chara vulgaris, pH and resistivity affected C. braunii, C. connivens and C. globularis, temperature and ORP affected C. contraria and Nitellopsis obtusa. Furthermore, CCA showed that TDS, EC, and salinity had no effect on the spatial distribution of Chara contraria, C. vulgaris and Nitellopsis obtusa. Chara contraria and Nitellopsis obtusa should be protected under VU (Vulnerable) status (IUCN) along with their habitats.

2

Ecology and distribution patterns of Chara connivens (Charophyta, Characeae) on the Canary Islands : the first record from Fuerteventura

Rybak Andrzej S., Woyda-Ploszczyca Andrzej M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2019

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Vol. 48, No. 4

368--380

EN

The paper presents the first record of a Chara connivens (Characeae) stand from Fuerteventura (Canary Islands, Spain). The species was previously recorded only on Tenerife and Lanzarote, mostly in marine and artificial habitats. Physicochemical parameters of water and morphological features of the thalli and plant community were analyzed. General habitat requirements of C. connivens populations located in Europe, North Africa, and South-West Asia were reviewed. The newly described stand was located in a natural rock crevice that was part of a riverbed in El Barranco de las Peñitas (Penitas Canyon). This habitat was unshaded and filled with brackish water. C. connivens co-occurred with Cladophora glomerata and Ruppia maritima. Our report on the presence of C. connivens in the Spanish territory of the Atlantic Ocean is the first in almost 40 years. The distribution of C. connivens and its plant associations on the Canary Archipelago are poorly explored, which is why this topic requires further research.

3

Dry weight and calcium carbonate encrustation of two morphologically different Chara species : a comparative study from different lakes

Pukacz A., Pełechaty M., Frankowski M., Pronin E.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2016

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Vol. 45, No. 3

377--387

EN

Two charophyte species (Chara tomentosa Thulli. 1799 and Chara globularis L. 1753) were studied to assess their biomass and CaCO3 production in seven hard-water lakes in Western Poland. In each lake, samples of ten individuals from three study sites were collected for dry weight (DW) and calcium carbonate content (% CaCO3) analyses. Additionally, physicochemical parameters of water collected from the above sampling sites were analyzed. No significant differences were found between the study sites in each lake for any of the analyzed parameters. In all the lakes, DW of C. tomentosa (0.60 ± 0.23 g indiv.-1) was significantly higher and more differentiated than DW of C. globularis (0.11 ± 0.08 g indiv.-1), suggesting species-specificity. The CaCO3 content in DW for C. tomentosa was higher (58.8-70.9%) than in C. globularis (50.1-68.3%), however, it did not reflect the DW differentiation, suggesting lake-specificity. The physicochemical properties of water revealed clear lake-to-lake differentiation. Different correlations between dry weight and calcium carbonate content and lake characteristics were found for each species. The results showed that DW and % CaCO3 are closely related to habitat conditions and different factors may influence the individual biomass of each species.

4

Comparing effect of phytoplankton and a charophyte on calcite precipitation in lake water: experimental approach

Kufel L., Rymuza K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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Vol. 62, nr 3

431--439

EN

Primary producers are able to strongly affect calcium budget in hardwater lakes. The relative contribution of phytoplankton and charophytes to water decalcification (by precipitation of calcium carbonate) is, however, unclear. In this study we checked the effect of natural phytoplankton community and a charophyte (Nitellopsis obtusa) on the decline of calcium concentration in experimental outdoor conditions. The experiment was carried out in original lake water and two variants of enrichment with inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus to test the changing efficiency in decalcification by both primary producers. At low nutrient concentrations, N. obtusa was responsible for calcium decline in original lake water by 12 mg Ca+2 dm-3 during 20 days of experiment. In these conditions the effect of phytoplankton was negligible. In lake water enriched with nutrients, the exponential growth of phytoplankton led to the decrease of calcium concentration from initial 35 mg Ca+2 dm-3 to 9 mg Ca+2 dm-3 in the same time period. The maximum effect of N. obtusa was the same as in original lake water but manifested itself earlier to decline in the end of experiment. Supersaturation of water with calcium carbonate was always more than threefold and saturation index reached 27 in mixed cultures of phytoplankton and N. obtusa in lake water enriched with nutrients. In this context we hypothesise on a possible role of charophytes as nucleation sites necessary for calcite precipitation. Based on our own and literature data we also discuss expected immobilisation of phosphate incorporated in calcite precipitated by the growth of phytoplankton and N. obtusa.

5

The relation between charophytes and habitat differentiation in temperate lowland lakes

Pukacz A., Pełechaty M., Pełechata A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 1

105--118

EN

Interdisciplinary investigations of 39 lakes of the Lubuskie Lakeland (mid-Western Poland) were undertaken in the vegetation seasons 2002–2009. The aim of presented study was to characterize the significance of charophytes as indicators of habitat differentiation of lakes using the number of species, number of communities and the percentage share in the phytolittoral area. Each lake was characterized based on the results of macrophyte vegetation, vegetation depth extent, pelagic phytoplankton biomass, lakes area, max. depth, SD visibility, pH, conductivity, O2, total hardness, Ca, Mg, PO4, TP, NH4, NO3, NO2, N org., TN. The statistical analyses (PCA), revealed that the investigated lakes were differentiated according to the basic morphometrical and physicochemical parameters and that the differentiation was reflected in the percentage share of charophytes in phytolittoral (in general – the bigger, deeper and more clear water were the lakes, the greater part of phytolittoral was covered by charophytes). Using simple cluster analysis based on the number of different types of macrophyte communities (helophytes, elodeids, nymphaeids and charophytes) two distinct groups of lakes were distinguished. Charophyte communities were at most responsible for obtained differentiation (one group with 0 or 1 and second with 1–6 charophyte communities). The distinguished groups of lakes differed significantly as regards 12, out of all 18 considered parameters. The greatest differences were evidenced for area, max. depth, SD visibility, Ca, Mg, NH4, NO3, phytoplankton biomass and vegetation depth extent. Similar analyses were made for the number of charophyte species, for which the lakes were divided into four groups (0–1, 2–3, 4–5 and 6–7 charophyte species per lake). In this case 11 parameters significantly differed between distinguished groups of lakes, showing, that better habitat conditions were in the lakes where more charophyte species were stated. The obtained results revealed that all analyzed charophyte indicators (the number of species, number of communities as well as the percentage share in the phytolittoral area) very clearly reflect habitat variation and water quality of lakes and thus may be used as valuable bioindicators of lakes condition.

6

Effects of grass carp introduction on macrophyte communities in a shallow lake

Krupska J., Pełechaty M., Pukacz A., Ossowski P.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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Vol. 41, No. 1

35-40

EN

In 2002, 2005 and 2007 vegetation and physicochemical properties of pelagial water were investigated in a shallow mid-forest lake. In 2002, the highest phytocoenotic diversity was recorded; charophytes and vascular submerged macrophytes formed their own extensive communities. After stocking with grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.) in 2002, reduction of water transparency, as well as changes in qualitative and quantitative composition of macrophyte communities were observed. Submerged vegetation declined during subsequent growing seasons. Charophyte meadows vanished first. The introduction of grass carp appeared to be a potential trigger for the rapid changes observed in the vegetation.

7

Ramienica Chara fragilis Desv. jako bioindykator poprawy warunków środowiska w Jeziorze Charzykowskim

Chmara R.

Ekologia i Technika

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2012

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R. 20, nr 6

363-370

PL

Przeanalizowano przemiany środowiska wodnego i roślinności Jeziora Charzykowskiego w latach 1947-2006 na tle zróżnicowanej dostawy zanieczyszczeń. W 1947 r., czyli w okresie sprzed zanieczyszczenia jeziora stężenie ortofosforanów wyniosło 0,08 mg/dm3. W kolejnych latach następował wzrost koncentracji ortofosforanów, aż do rekordowo wysokiego poziomu 0,48 mg/dm3 w 1992 r. Po tym okresie zaobserwowano spadek koncentracji fosforu, który wiąże się z uruchomieniem oczyszczalni ścieków. Na tle oddziaływań antropogenicznych zaobserwowano zmiany w strukturze roślinności podwodnej. Istotną rolę w tym pełnią ramienice Characeae. Przed okresem intensywnego obciążenia zbiornika biogenami (1947 r.) stwierdzono obecność 2 gatunków ramienic: Chora fragilis i Nitellopsis obtusa, w fazie "szczytu eutrofizacji" (łata 70-90. XX w.) ramienice całkowicie ustąpiły, natomiast roślinność podwodna zmniejszyła pionowy zasięg z 6 m do 3 m. Badania przeprowadzone w 2006 r. wykazały niskie stężenia fosforu całkowitego oraz obecność skupisk C. fragilis. Przeważały skupiska kilkugatunkowe, nie zaobserwowano rozległych łąk ramienic. Rekolonizacja C. fragilis jest pierwszym, wyraźnym biologicznym symptomem poprawy warunków środowiska. Utrzymanie niskiego poziomu azotu, fosforu oraz dobrych warunków świetlnych może w najbliższym czasie spowodować pojawienie się innych gatunków ramienic oraz wzrost ich frekwencji i biomasy w litoralu.

EN

Transformations in the water environment and vegetation of Lake Charzykowskie over the years 1947-2006 were analysed against the variations in the pollution supply. In 1947, so prior to the lake pollution, the concentration of orthophosphate was 0.08 mgPO4/dm3. In subsequent years, the concentration of this element increased to reach a record high of 0.48 mgPO4/dm3 in 1992. After this year a decrease in the concentration of phosphate phosphorus was observed as a direct consequence of starting the operation of a waste purification plant. On a background of different anthropogenic interactions, changes were noted in the structure of the submerged vegetation. in particular in the contribution of stoneworts/Characeae. Prior to the period of the intense loading of the lake with biogenes. in the lake vegetation only two stonewort species were met Chara fragilis (= Ch, globularis Thuillier) and Nitellopsis obtusa, at the peak of eutrophisation stoneworts totally withdrew, while the submerged vegetation reduced the vertical range from 6 m to 3 m. Investigation performed in 2006 revealed the presence of Cbarafragilis clusters. Recolonisation of C. fragilis is the first clear biological symptom of improvement in the environmental conditions. It is expected that on prolonged maintenance of low levels of nitrogen and phosphorus as well as good light conditions, other stonewort species can appear, their frequency and biomass in the littoral can increase.

8

Kierunki zmian sukcesyjnych składu fitocenotycznego i struktury roślinności wodnej i szuwarowej w Jeziorze Długim (Ziemia Lubuska)

Pronin E., Pełechaty M., Pukacz A.

Ekologia i Technika

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2011

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R. 19, nr 4

173-182

PL

Celem niniejszej pracy była charakterystyka roślinności wodnej i szuwarowej płytkiego, polimiktycznego, poddanego presji antropogenicznej Jeziora Długiego zlokalizowanego w pobliżu Rzepina (Ziemia Lubuska - środkowo-zachodnia Polska). Zostały omówione możliwe kierunki sukcesji na podstawie analizy różnorodności fitocenotycznej makrofitów w latach 2003 i 2009. W prezentowanej pracy podjęto próbę określenia przyczyn zmian składu syntaksonomicznego zbiorowisk hydromakrofitów Jeziora Długiego, jak również przedstawiono prognozy stanu roślinności badanego zbiornika wodnego na najbliższe lata. Mimo, że jezioro jest intensywnie wykorzystywane, odnotowano wzrost powierzchni łąk ramienicowych, reprezentowanych przez dwa zespoły: Charetum tomentosae oraz Nitellopsidetum obtusae. Natomiast zmniejszyły się powierzchnie fitocenoz Ceratophylletum demersi (zbiorowiska uważanego za wskaźnik eutrofizacji wód) oraz Potameium luceniis. Sytuacja ta może sugerować dobrą jakość wody, będącą wynikiem wewnątrz-biocenotycznych powiązań prowadzących do poprawy przezroczystości wody. Ten stan jest do pewnego stopnia niezależny od stężenia fosforu, promuje występowanie roślinności zanurzonej, której oddziaływanie utrzymuje korzystny stan czystowodny. Roślinność szuwarowa natomiast w Jeziorze Długim stanowi stabilny element roślinności występującej w jego obrębie. Odnośnie roślinności o liściach pływających w 2009 r. odnotowano, wcześniej niestwierdzone zbiorowisko Nymphaeetum albo-candidae, budowane przez rzadki gatunek Nymphaea borealis.

EN

The aim of the paper was to characterize the short-term changes in the water and rush vegetation of a shallow, polymyctic and anthropogenically impacted Długie Lake, located near Rzepin (Ziemia Lubuska Region, mid-Western Poland). A possible directions of succession were discussed on the basis of the phytocenotic diversity of macrophyte vegetation, analyzed in the years 2003 and 2009. Although the lake is intensely used for recreational purposes, the areas of characean meadows, represented by two charophyte associations: Charetum tomentosae and Nitellopsidetum obtusae., increased. By contrast, the areas of phytocoenoses of Ceratophylletwn demersi (claimed to be an indicator of eutrophication) and Potametam lucentis decreased. This may suggest good water quality being a result of intrabiocoenotic interrelationships leading to an improvement of water clarity. This state (so called clear-water state) is to a certain extent independent on the phosphorus concentrations and promote occurrence of submerged vegetation that - in return - maintain clear waters. Rush vegetation was a stable component of the lake's vegetation. Interestingly, among floating-leaved communities Nymphaeetum albo-candidae, that is ranked among rare association and built by a rare nymphaeid Nymphaea borealis was noted newly in 2009.

9

The influence of co-occurring vegetation and habitat variables on distribution of rare charophyte species lychnothamnus barbatus (Meyen) in lakes of Western Poland

Gąbka M., Burchardt L., Owsianny P.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 1

13-25

EN

At present Lychnothamnus barbatus (Meyen) Leonhardi belongs to the rarest species of charophytes in the world. In Europe it is classified as threatened with extinction. The problem of extinction of this species is intriguing, in particular in the context of its widespread occurrence in Europe and Asia till the last decade of the 20th century. Records of L. barbatus from Wielkopolska region (Western Poland) are know from 15 lakes. The most of them was stated in 19th and on beginning of 20th centuries. Now, this species is growing in 6 lakes, from among 2 sites are new. This study was undertaken to a) determine the abundance of L. barbatus and the co-occurring plant species at different sites in lakes, b) determine the most important ecological parameters controlling the structure communities with L. barbatus co-occurring and quantitative responses of this species. In 7 lakes (area 5.5-197 ha, depth max. 7.8-38 m, trophic state: meso-eutrophic) in western Poland the species composition and coverage of vegetation were studied at the 23 plots with L. barbatus occurrence in relation to the measured variables. Seventeen environmental parameters were measured including: depth of water, pH, conductivity, SO[4^2-], NH[4^+], NO[^3-], PO[4^3-], Na[^+], K[^+], Ca[^2+], Mg[^2+], chlorophyll a, Secchi disc visibility, colour, O[2] dissolved, saturation, total Fe during the period July-September. The DCA and CCA analyses were used to assess the relation between vegetation parameters and environmental variables. L. barbatus preferred the water rich in Ca[^+], Mg[^2+] and SO[4^2-] and with high concentrations of nutrients, especially NH[4^+] and PO[4^3-], and moderate values of electrolytic conductivity. In the studied lakes, L. barbatus occupied the separate niche. This species formed the communities in very shallow marginal zones of lakes (0.4-1.5 m) with other macrophytes like: Chara vulgaris, C. tomentosa, Potamogeton nitens, and monospecific stands on margins of steep lake slopes (4-6 m) with Chara globularis fo. hedwigii and Nitella mucronata. The process of extinction of this species seems to be related with increasing turbidity related in turn to algal blooming in lakes and with the spatial competition of vascular macrophytes, especially Ceratophyllum demersum.

10

Does charophyte meadow induce the spatial heterogeneity of water abiotic properties of a tachymictic Lake?

Pełechaty M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2007

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R. 15, nr 1

24-29

EN

The study objective was to find out whether extensively developed charophyte meadow (built by Chora tomentosa) induce the spatial heterogeneity of basie physical-chemical water properties of a large, clearwater and tachymictic Lake and, so, with a long period of water overturn (Lake Lednica, Wielkopolska Region, mid-Western Poland) . Current trophic state might be assumed as moderately eutrophic with impressive water clariry. Submersed vegetation is well developed and predominated by charophytes forming dense beds. In the period of intense development of vegetation (between 17th May and 6th July 2004) physical-chemical analyses (water temperature, pH, oxygen concentration, conductMty, total dissolved substances) were performed five times at five sampling sites. Three of them were macrophyte-free open water regions (with varied contribution of charophytes in the phytolit-toral zone) and two further were shallow littoral sites: one close to a bathing place with sparse Tolypella glomerata specimens and the other in dense Chora tomentosa bed. The results showed lower conductivity and TDS values, and higher pH and the concentration of oxygen inside charophyte meadow as compared to the rest of sampling sites. By contrast, at the other littoral site but without plant cover conductivity and TDS revealed the highest values. Results are discussed in the light of habitat forming power of charophytes contrasted with long water overturned the Lake is subject to.

11

Cechy biometryczne oospor Lychnothamnus barbatus z Jeziora Łagowskiego

Boszke P., Pełechaty M., Pukacz A.

Ekologia i Technika

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2007

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R. 15, nr 3

79-84

PL

Lychnothamnus barbaius jest gatunkiem bardzo rzadkim w skali międzynarodowej, jedynym reprezentantem rodzaju Lychnothamnus w świecie. Nowe, nieznane wcześniej, stanowisko stwierdzono w Jeziorze Łagowskim w lecie 2004 roku. Prezentowane badania przedstawiają analizę biometryczną oospor tego gatunku na ww, stanowisku. Pomierzono długość i szerokość maksymalną oospory, ISI index (długość/ szerokość 100) oraz liczbę listew i szerokość bruzdy w położeniu równikowym. Długość oospor mieści się w przedziale 583,5 - 733,5 \im, a szerokość waha się w zakresie 383,4 - 683,4 pm. ISI index wynosi średnio 139, a jego zakres mieści się w przedziale od 90 do 170. Na powierzchni oospor występuje 8-9 listew. Szerokość bruzdy waha się w granicach 66,7 - 83,4 urn, Zakresy większości cech oospor Lychnothamnu barbatus pochodzących z jednej populacji są szerokie, szersze nawet nieco od podawanych w literaturze dla tego gatunku. Cechą wykazującą największą zmienność jest szerokość oospory (V = 7%), a najmniejszą długość oospory i szerokość bruzdy (V = 4%).

EN

Lychnothamnus barbatus is a very rare on an international scale species, the only one representative of this genus in the world. This study present biometric analysis of Lychnothamnus barbatus oospores. Length and maximum width of oospores, ISI index (length/width*100), number of ridges and width of fossa at eąuator were measured. Oospores are 583.5 - 733.5 urn long and 383.4 - 683.4 pm wide, with 8-9 ridges on their surface. Width of fossa ranges from 66.7 to 83.4 pm. ISI index ranges from 90 to 170, with an average of 139. The variation of majority features is broader than this reported in literature. The width of the oospores is the most changeable feature (V = 7%) whereas length of oospores and width of fossa are the least varied features (V = 4%).

12

Zmienność morfologiczna oospor chara fragilis desv. w różnych typach ekosystemów wodnych Wielkopolski (materiały Kolekcji Ramienic Polski profesor Izabeli Dąmbskiej

Boszke P., Pełechaty M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

118-122

PL

Celem prezentowanych badań jest określenie zmienności morfologicznej oospor Chara fragilis w odniesieniu do różnych typów środowisk wodnych. Do badań biometrycznych pobrano oospory z jezior, torfianek, stawów i rowów zlokalizowanych w Wielkopolsce.

EN

The aim of the present study is to investigate variation in morphology of oospores of Chara fragilis Desv. in relation to different types of aquatic ecosystems. Oospores were collected from lakes, peat-hags, ponds and ditches in the Wielkopolska region (materials from Professor Izabela Dąmbska Collection of Charophytes of Poland, Department of Hydrobiology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland). The analysis of morphometrical criteria covered following features: oospore length, maximum width, length: width ratio, number and width of ridges. Results demonstrated a statistically sound variation among examined aquatic ecosystems. Clearly visible differences were found among lakes, peat-hags and ponds. The last group particularly differed from the rest. Ditches represented intermediate values of the features studied.

13

Zagadnienia klasyfikacji taksonomicznej i syntaksonomii ramienic (characeae) i ich zbiorowisk

Gąbka M., Pełechaty M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

87-92

PL

Celem niniejszej pracy było przedstawienie podejść w klasyfikacji taksonomicznej ramienic na bazie przeglądu literatury. Przedyskutowano problem klasyfikacji i zagadnienień taksonomicznych ramienic, wynikający ze znacznego zróżnicowania morfologicznego oraz konsekwencji przebiegu procesów reprodukcyjnych i odrębności molekularnej.

EN

The aim of the paper was to present main historical and up-to-date concepts in the taxonomy of the family Characeae. Based on the literature data, two complementary approaches are presented: concerning charophyte morphology supplemented with different life histories and current molecular achievements. The present state of Polish charophyte flora is also discussed. Concerning charophyte vegetation, the authors present reviewed syntaxonomical system of Polish charophyte meadows, regarding 30 associations belonging to 5 alliances within the class Charetea fragilis.

14

Występowanie ramienic (characeae, charophyta) w drobnych zbiornikach wodnych Wielkopolski

Gąbka M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

114-117

PL

W pracy przedstawiono informacje o występowaniu ramienic w drobnych ekosystemach wodnych Wielkopolski takich jak zbiorniki astatyczne, torfianki, glinianki, jeziora zaawansowane w procesie zarastania, torfowiska węglanowe i strefy szuwarowe wokół jezior.

EN

The paper presents synthetically information about occurrences of stoneworts in small water reservoirs of the Wielkopolska region on the basis of herbarium materials, literature of the subject and own research conducted in the 2000-2005. The water ecosystems e.g. peat-pits, gravel pits, calcareous peat-bogs, clay pits, shallow lakes and artificial pools are most important habitat for stoneworts in this region. In small water reservoirs, 19 species of Characeae, among 34 known in Poland, were noticed. The most frequent representatives of Characeae were in hollow peat and calcareous peat-bog. Many of the charophyta, which were observed, are regarded as endangered and vulnerable in Poland. The list comprises species such as Chara tenuispina, C. polyacantha, C. crassicaulis, Nitella tenuissima, N. syncarpa and N. capillaris. In the examined water ecosystems 9 protected species were found: Nitella syncarpa, N. gracillis, N. capillaris, N. opaca, N. tenuissima, Chara polyacantha, C. braunii C. crassicaulis and C. tenuispina.

15

Wykorzystanie ramienic w fitoindykacji

Pełechaty M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

98-102

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie aktualnego stanu na temat reakcji ramienic na stan trofii, a szczególnie jego bezpośrednie symptomy w postaci pogarszających cię warunków świetlnych, w kontekście możliwości wykorzystania ramienic w fitoindykacji. Rozpatrzono strategie stosowane przez ramienice w jeziorach głębokich i płytkich, obrazując je przykładami zachowań ramienic m.in. w jeziorach Ziemi Lubuskiej.

EN

The aim of the paper was to present the current knowledge of the ecological requirements of charophytes which could allow us to apply those macroalgae in phytoindication. Since charophytes are sensitive to the trophy level, and particularly to its reflection in the light conditions, their reactions are discussed in the context of the depth of ecosystems. In deep lakes charophyte flora and vegetation tend to reflect biotop conditions and may be generally applied as not only sensitive but also accurate bioindicators. In shallow lakes, by contrast, macrophytes, and particularly charophytes, are by numerous mechanisms responsible for the shift from turbid to a clear water state. Thus, their role as bioindicators seems to be - at least in same cases - rather problematic. Since then, charophytes should be sensibly applied in phytoindication.

16

Środowiskotwórcza rola ramienic

Pełechaty M., Gąbka M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

93-97

PL

Celem artykułu był przegląd danych literaturowych dotyczących pośrednich i bezpośrednich mechanizmów, dzięki którym ramienicom przypisuje się środowiskową rolę w ekosystemie wodnym. Jak wynika z przedstawionego przeglądu znaczenie makrofitów wodnych, w tym ramienic, w sieci zależności wewnątrzekosystemalnych jest ogólnie przyjęte w przypadku jezior płytkich. Konieczne są jednak dalsze badania, zwłaszcza dotyczące allelopatii in situ.

EN

The aim of the paper was to review the literature data on the direct and indirect influences of charophytes on planktonic algae and cyanoprokaryots. Possible mechanisms are presented regarding the charophyte-related shifts in habitat conditions as well as allelopathic interplay between charophytes and phytoplankton. Main concepts and, also, some controversies are discussed and illustrated with the results of the authors in situ-studies. Due to up-to-date literature the importance of macrophytes, including charophytes, is commonly agreed upon, particularly for shallow lakes. However, further studies, concerning allelopathy in situ, are required.

17

Rzadkie i zagrożone ramienice (characeae, charophyta) oraz ich ostoje w Wielkopolsce

Gąbka M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

107-110

PL

W Wielkopolsce - terenie bogatym w różne typy genetyczno-morfologiczne ekosystemów wodnych stwierdzono w sumie występowanie 24 gatunków ramienic. Stwierdzono również zmniejszenie liczby stanowisk ramienic związanych z jeziorami. Należy jednak zaznaczyć, że obecnie ważnym miejscem występowania tych makroglonów są drobne zbiorniki wodne o zróżnicowanym statusie troficznym, często o charakterze antropogenicznym.

EN

The aim of the paper was to present the floristic diversity of charophytes (Characeae family) of the Wielkopolska region on the basis of herbarium materials, literature of the subject and own research conducted in the years 2000-2005. This region is rich in lakes and small freshwater reservoirs, which differ from each other in morphometric parameters, trophy, development in the processes of succession and anthropopressure. In water reservoirs and on wetland areas 24 species of charophytes, among 34 known in Poland, were noticed. Analysis of frequency shows high percentage of very rare (1-5 localities) and abundant ( over 60 localities) species. Chara globularis, C. tomentosa i C. hispida was the most frequent representative of Characeae in water reservoirs of the Wielkopolska region. Among 24 species which, were observed in this area, 11 are rare in the region (e.g. Chara rudis, C. filiformis, Nitella flexilis, N. capillaris, N. syncarpa) or in Poland (e.g. Chara tenuispina, C. crassicaulis, Nitella tenuissima, Tolypella glomerata). In the examined area 12 protected species of charophytes were found.

18

Rzadkie i cenne ramienice Ziemi Lubuskiej

Pełechaty M., Pukacz A.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

111-113

PL

Celem pracy było przedstawienie różnorodności florystycznej ramienic w różnych typach ekosystemów wodnych (jeziora, stawy hodowlane, rowy, starorzecza) regionu Ziemi Lubuskiej. Materiały zebrano w czasie badań roślinności szuwarowej i wodnej w latach 2000-2005.

EN

The aim of the paper was to present the floristic diversity of charophytes (Characeae family) in different aquatic environments of the region of Ziemia Lubuska. Material was collected during the study of rush and aquatic vegetation carried out in the years 2000 - 2005. From amongst 34 Polish species of the Characeae family 22 were found, representing all 5 genera known from Poland, including Lychnothamnus barbatus, a very rare on an international scale species, the only one representative of this genus world-wide. 10 of them are protected species. Chara species were frequently noted. Interestingly, out of 9 Nitella species 7 were found, including 5 protected species. For Nitella batrachosperma first known these days locality was recorded. Considering charophyte vegetation, out of 30 Polish associations from the class Charetea 15 were found in the region. Considering 55 lakes surveyed, charophytes were found in 42 lakes. The highest number of species per lake was 8, and the highest number of charophyte communities found was 7.

19

Rozmieszczenie wybranych gatunków ramienic w Polsce

Hutorowicz A.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

123-128

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wstępne wyniki prac związanych z przygotowaniem komputerowej bazy danych o rozmieszczeniu ramienic w Polsce. Analizowano informacje zawarte w publikacjach pochodzących z dziewiętnastego i dwudziestego wieku.

EN

The paper presents preliminary results of work aimed at developing a database of the distribution of stoneworts in Poland. Among 30 species recorded in inland waters in Poland, the most common were Chara contararia, C. globularis, C. tomentosa and Nitellopsis obtusa. The rare species Chara braunii and Lychnothamnus barbatus were most frequently reported from lake-rich areas, except for C. braunii which grows in fishponds in southern Poland.

20

Rola ramienic w ocenie stanu ekologicznego jezior

Pukacz A., Pełechaty M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 3

103-106

PL

W sezonach wegetacyjnych 2002-2005 przeprowadzono interdyscyplinarne badania 30 zróżnicowanych morfometrycznie jezior, zlokalizowanych na Pojezierzu Lubuskim. Celem badań było określenie stopnia zróżnicowania badanych jezior na tle udziału powierzchniowego oraz liczby zbiorowisk charofitów jak również ich znaczenia w ocenie stanun ekologicznego.

EN

In the vegetation seasons 2002 - 2005 multidisciplinary investigations of 30 lakes located on Lubuskie Lakeland (mid-Western Poland) were carried out. The aim of this paper, based on the above studies, was to characterize the significance of charophytes in the differentiation of investigated lakes and their applicability in the ecological status assessment as well. To characterize the differentiation of studied lakes against the background of analyzed properties principal component analysis (PCA) was undertaken. The results demonstrated that charophytes significantly differentiated among the lakes studied. Visibly better habitat conditions as well as lower biomass of pelagic phytoplankton were found in lakes with abundant and diverse charophyte vegetation. Lakes with poorly developed or without charophytes were characterized by significantly worse habitat conditions and higher biomass. Moreover it was assumed that interrelationships between the charophyte coverage and phytoplankton biomass and visibility can play a significant role in functioning of lakes and their ecological status assessment.