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1

Application of Recurrence Quantification Analysis in the Detection of Osteoarthritis of the Knee with the Use of Vibroarthrography

Machrowska Anna, Karpiński Robert, Maciejewski Marcin, Jonak Józef, Krakowski Przemysław, Syta Arkadiusz

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no 5

EN

Nowadays, the world is struggling with the problems of an aging society. With the increasing share of older people in the population, degenerative joint diseases are a growing problem. The result of progressive degenerative changes in joints is primarily the deterioration of the patients' quality of life and their gradual exclusion from activity and social life. The ability to effectively, non-invasively and quickly detect cases of chondromalacia of the knee joints is a challenge for modern medicine. The possibility of early detection of progressive degenerative changes allows for the appropriate selection of treatment protocols and significantly increases the chances of inhibiting the development of degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The article presents a non-invasive method for detecting degenerative changes in the knee joints based on recurrence analysis and classification using neural networks. The result of the analyzes was a classification accuracy of 91.07% in the case of MLP neural networks and 80.36% for RBF networks.

2

Charakterystyka surowców pozyskiwanych z tuszy rekina

Chwastowska-Siwiecka Iwona, Bartoszewicz Karol

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2023

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T. 77, nr 9

20--26

PL

Rekiny stanowią niewielką część poławianych ryb na świecie, pomimo tego wykorzystuje się wiele surowców od nich pozyskiwanych, gdyż mają szerokie spektrum zastosowania. Mięso rekinów jest cenionym składnikiem dań w wielu krajach nadmorskich. Płetwy rekina są przysmakiem w Azji od wielu lat, natomiast skóry były wykorzystywane od pokoleń w garbarstwie oraz skórowaniu. Możliwości wykorzystania elementów tuszy rekina są ogromne, szczególnie w gastronomii czy medycynie. W niektórych krajach płetwy oraz mięso rekina są nieodłączną częścią wielopokoleniowych tradycji kulinarnych, natomiast w medycynie ekstrakty z chrząstek czy olej z wątroby rekina są ważnymi suplementami diety wspomagającymi odporność organizmu.

EN

Sharks make up a small proportion of the fish caught worldwide, even though many raw materials obtained from them are used, as they have a wide range of applications. Shark meat is a przed ingredient in dishes in many coastal countries. Shark fins have been a delicacy in Asia for many years, while skins have been used for generations in tanning and leathering. The possibilities of using part of shark carcass are vast, especially in gastronomy and medicine. In some countries, shark fins and meat are an integral part of multi-generational culinary traditions, while in medicine, cartilage extracts and shark liver oil are important dietary supplements to suport immunity.

3

Cartilage tissue examination using atomic force microscopy

Paluch Jarosław, Markowski Jarosław, Pilch Jan, Smółka Wojciech, Jasik Krzysztof Piotr, Kilian Filip, Likus Wirginia, Bajor Grzegorz, Chrobak Dariusz, Glowka Karsten, Starczewska Oliwia

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2022

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vol. 25, no. 167

17--23

EN

Life sciences, a field closely intertwined with human biology and physiology, employ various research methods, including morphology studies and quantitative analysis through non-destructive techniques. Biological specimens often consist of three-phase structures, characterized by the presence of gas, liquid, and solid components. This becomes crucial when the chosen research methodology requires the removal of water from samples or their transfer to a cryostat. In the current research, mechanical and topographical examination of cartilage was performed. The materials were generously provided by the Department of Anatomy at the Medical University of Silesia, thereby eliminating any concerns regarding their origin or ethical use for scientific purposes. Our research methodology involved the application of atomic force microscopy (AFM), which minimally disrupts the internal equilibrium among the aforementioned phases. Cartilage, recognized as a ‘universal support material’ in animals, proves to be highly amenable to AFM research, enabling the surface scanning of the examined material. The quantitative results obtained facilitate an assessment of the internal structure and differentiation of cartilage based on its anatomical location (e.g., joints or ears). Direct images acquired during the examination offer insights into the internal structure of cartilage tissue, revealing morphological disparities and variations in intercellular spaces. The scans obtained during the measurements have unveiled substantial distinctions, particularly in the intercellular ‘essence’, characterized by granularities with a diameter of approximately 0.5 μm in ear cartilage and structural elements in articular cartilage measuring about 0.05 μm. Thus, AFM can be a valuable cognitive tool for observing biological samples in the biological sciences, particularly in medicine (e.g. clinical science).

4

Lipid-polymer nanocarriers for cartilage regeneration

Wytrwal-Sarna Magdalena, Oclon Ewa, Kucharski Mirosław, Szmajnta Katarzyna, Kepczynski Mariusz, Szczubiałka Krzysztof

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2021

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Vol. 24, no. 163

32

5

Sodium hyaluronate/ graphene oxide hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering

Hunger M., Domalik-Pyzik P., Chłopek J.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2018

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Vol. 21, no. 148

88

6

Polymeric hydrogels for cartilage tissue regeneration

Pielichowska K., Lach A., Skoczeń M., Ordon K., Złocista-Szewczyk N., Chłopek J.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2018

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Vol. 21, no. 148

78

7

Optimized protocol of anesthesia in large experimental model of transgenic pigs for treatment of cartilage injuries with new generation biomaterials and cell-based grafts in vivo

Wieczorek J., Jura J., Mierzwiński M., Ficek K., Kuźma A.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2018

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Vol. 21, no. 148

55

8

In vivo experimental pig model with induced cartilage injuries to elaborate treatment of cartilage and bone defects with combined use of new generation biomaterials and stem cell fractions

Wieczorek J., Jura J., Mierzwiński M., Ficek K., Sekuła M., Łabędź-Masłowska A., Szkaradek A., Kuźma A., Zuba-Surma E.

Engineering of Biomaterials

|

2018

|

Vol. 21, no. 148

53

9

Humanized transgenic pig - as a preclinical model for in vivo studies of cartilage injuries and treatments with new generation of biomaterials and stem cell populations - preliminary results

Jura J., Wieczorek J., Lipiński D., Kuźma A., Sekuła M., Łabędź-Masłowska A., Mierzwiński M., Zuba-Surma E.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2018

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Vol. 21, no. 148

54

10

Current concepts of articular cartilage repair

Mierzwiński M., Ficek K.

Engineering of Biomaterials

|

2018

|

Vol. 21, no. 148

115

11

The structural and mechanical properties of the bone

Karpiński R., Jaworski Ł., Czubacka P.

Journal of Technology and Exploitation in Mechanical Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 3, nr 1

43--51

EN

The work contains basic information on the anatomy and physiology of bone tissue. Basic concepts related to the structure of bone tissue are presented. General issues related to bone reconstruction processes and biomechanical structural adaptations processes were described. Mechanical parameters of bone tissue were presented.

PL

Praca zawiera podstawowe informacje z zakresu anatomii i fizjologii tkanki kostnej. Przedstawiono podstawowe pojęcia związane ze strukturą tkanki kostnej. Opisano podstawowe zagadnienia związane z procesami przebudowy tkanki kostnej oraz biomechaniczne procesy dostosowawcze. Zaprezentowano parametry mechaniczne tkanki kostnej.

12

Modelling of damping properties of articular cartilage during impact load

Klekiel T., Będziński R., Wodzisławski J.

Engineering Transactions

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2017

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Vol. 65, iss. 1

133--145

EN

The paper presents some details about difficulties in modelling of articular cartilage. The most useful method to simulate a mechanism of tissue deformation during load is Finite Element Method (FEM). In this paper the authors present an approach of modelling a damping phenomenon in articular cartilage of an ankle joint. The damping property was modelled and analysed with an assumption that the reaction force is different suitable to change of a dynamic load. The model of lower extremity consists of three main bones: tibia, fibula and talus. The force acting on the model was generated from displacement of the talus according to the main biomechanical axis of a leg. The results present the role of an articular cartilage in distribution of energy inside the lower extremity. The analysis was carried out according to three main aspects: the reaction force in a support, the influence contact on the energy dissipation and the role of cartilage thickness in transmission of energy by the tibiotalar joint.

13

The process of design and manufacturing of titanium scaffolds in the SLM technology for tissue engineering

Makuch A., Wysocki B., Jankowski K., Święszkowski W., Skalski K.

Inżynieria Powierzchni

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2016

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Nr 4

45--57

PL

W pracy przedstawiono proces projektowania i wytwarzania rusztowań tytanowych technologią selektywnego stapiania laserowego pod hodowle chondrocytów na potrzeby chirurgii rekonstrukcyjnej. Przy wykorzystaniu technik CAD opracowano 4 warianty modeli geometrycznych zróżnicowane kształtowo (2 siatkowe o wymiarach porów 450 µm i 600 µm oraz 2 heksagonalne o porach w kształcie sześciokąta wpisanego w okrąg o średnicy 1097 µm i 1386 µm). Każdy z nich został wykonany w technologii selektywnego stapiania laserowego z proszku tytanu Grade 4 przy większej (40 W) i mniejszej mocy lasera (35 W), a następnie poddany procesowi polerowania chemicznego. Przy wykorzystaniu badań makro- i mikroskopowych zweryfikowano dokładność wymiarową i jakość powierzchni wykonanych prototypów rusztowań, co pozwoliło wskazać najkorzystniejsze parametry procesu wytwarzania rusztowań tytanowych wiernie odwzorowujących modele CAD.

EN

The paper presents the process of design and 3D printing of titanium scaffolds for the culture of chondrocytes for the purpose of reconstructive surgery. Using CAD techniques, 4 variants of geometric models were developed which were diversified in internal architecture (2 net-like ones with the pore size of 450 μm and 600 μm, and 2 hexagonal ones with the pores in the shape of a hexagon inscribed in a circle with a diameter of 1097 μm and 1386 μm). Each of them was made in the technology of selective laser melting of titanium powder Grade 4 with larger (40 W) and smaller (35 W) laser power, and then subjected to the process of chemical polishing. Dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the produced prototypes of scaffolds were verified macro- and microscopically. The studies allowed to identify optimal process parameters for the manufacturing titanium scaffolds with the best representation of the CAD geometrical models.

14

Osteophyte development during osteoarthritis (OA) : consideration of angiogenesis, mechanical loading and tissue microstructure

Bednarczyk E., Lekszycki T.

Engineering Transactions

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2016

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Vol. 64, iss. 4

533--540

EN

This paper is devoted to modelling and investigation of the effects of mechanical loading, blood vessels development and tissue microstructure in osteoarthritis (OA) – a degenerative joint disease. OA is one of the most common diseases affecting the population, and therefore it is a social and medical problem of utmost importance. It predominantly affects the elderly but also sportsmen, obese people and those with curvature of the spine. Although the phenomenon of OA is not yet fully understood, it is commonly accepted that mechanical aspects are crucial in its evolution [1, 2]. Mechanical overloading leads to chondrocytes apoptosis which increases generation of vascular endothelial growth factors [3] then expansion of angiogenesis and osteophyte onset. A properly formulated mathematical model of cartilage degeneration and osteophytes development can significantly help in understanding the complexity of this process. The presented model reflects the most important aspects of the interactions between mechanical and biological factors, crucial for the phenomenon of OA.

15

Structural analysis of articular cartilage of the hip joint using finite element method

Karpiński R., Jaworski Ł., Zubrzycki J.

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2016

|

Vol. 10, nr 31

240--246

EN

The paper presents the results of a preliminary study on the structural analysis of the hip joint, taking into account changes in the mechanical properties of the articular cartilage of the joint. Studies have been made due to the need to determine the tension distribution occurring in the cartilage of the human hip. These distribution are the starting point for designing custom made human hip prosthesis. Basic anatomy, biomechanical analysis of the hip joint and articular cartilage are introduced. The mechanical analysis of the hip joint model is conducted. Final results of analysis are presented. Main conclusions of the study are: the capability of absorbing loads by articular cartilage of the hip joint is preliminary determined as decreasing with increasing degenerations of the cartilage and with age of a patient. Without further information on changes of cartilage’s mechanical parameters in time it is hard to determine the nature of relation between mentioned capability and these parameters.

16

Analiza mechanizmu smarowania stawów człowieka w badaniach in vitro oraz in vivo

Ryniewicz A. M., Ryniewicz A.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2014

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R. 90, nr 5

142--145

PL

Celem opracowania było wyjaśnienie doskonałego mechanizmu smarowania w stawach prawidłowych na podstawie badań reologicznych cieczy synowialnej oraz identyfikacji struktur i kształtu powierzchni stawowych. Proces smarowania stawów może być określony bioelastohydrodynamicznym smarowaniem. Wyróżnia się generowaniem naprężeń normalnych w cieczy synowialnej oraz efektem wynikającym z geometrii biołożyska, który polega na przejęciu obciążeń przez ciśnienie w układzie anatomicznych klinów smarnych.

EN

The aim of the study was to clarify the perfect mechanism of lubrication in the normal joints on the basis of synovial fluid rheology and the identification of structures and shape of the articular surfaces. The lubrication of joints can be determined bioelastohydrodynamic lubrication. Distinguished by generation of normal stresses in the synovial fluid and the effect resulting from the geometryof biobearing, which consists of the acquisition by the load pressure in the anatomical wedges lubricants.

17

Preliminary study on the electrospun PLA–based nanofibres as biomaterials for the treatment of cartilage

Magiera A., Markowski J., Lesiuk M., Sieroń A. L, Pilch J., Błażewicz S.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2014

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Vol. 17, no. 128-129

110--111

EN

Electrospinning is a simple and universal way to produce fibres from a variety of materials having diameters ranging from submicrometers to nanometers. Such fibres can be formed from resorbable and non-resorbable polymers, ceramics and their different combinations containing nanoparticles. Such a method has gained a great interest in medicine due to its ability to form a fibrous space architecture, similar to the natural extracellular matrix [1,2]. On the other hand, due to a wide range of technical facilities of electrospun fibers the method allows to create directionally-dependent space architecture of nanofibres which mimic natural tissues [3]. Considering the similarities between the microstructure created by nanofibres and the extracellular matrix, nanofibrous materials made by ES technique seem to be promising scaffolds to regenerate cartilage [4] and neural tissue [5]. A material which is used for cartilage scaffolds should mimic native cartilage, which is known to have an oriented structure associated with its mechanical and physiological functions [5]. Scaffold with a biomimetic-oriented architecture is an important requirement for tissue-engineered cartilage. In this study, PLA oriented and non-oriented fibrous scaffolds were manufactured. Selected properties of the materials were analysed and dissussed in view of the manufacture of optimal structure for cartilage tissue engineering.

18

Carbon fibrous material for cartilage tissue treatment

Markowski J., Pilch J., Ścierski W., Benko A., Menaszek E., Błażewicz M.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2014

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Vol. 17, no. 128-129

98--99

EN

The work presents in vitro and in vivo experiments related to the evaluation of the biological properties of the two groups of carbon fibrous (micro, nano) materials. We investigated the carbon materials in the form of a biomimetic scaffolds made from carbon nanotubes and a composite membrane made from carbon micro-fiber and biocompatible polymer to induce regeneration of missing cartilage tissues. Evaluation of biological properties of both materials clearly showed that carbon fibrous material is biocompatible with cartilage cells and stimulates regeneration of cartilage tissue.

19

Hyaluronic Acid-Coated Carbon Nonwoven Fabrics as Potential Material for Repair of Osteochondral Defects for medical applications

Rajzer I., Menaszek E., Bacakova L., Orzelski M., Błażewicz M.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2013

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Vol. 21, no. 3 (99)

102--107

EN

Damaged articular cartilage is known to have poor capacity for regeneration. Carbon fibres (CFs) have been widely investigated as cellular growth supports in cartilage tissue engineering. However, the long duration of the process of cartilage restoration limits the applicability of CFs implants in the treatment of cartilage tissue defects. Hyaluronic acid (HA) plays a key role in cartilage tissue development, repair and function. In the present study we focused on the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of two types of carbon nonwoven fabrics: HA modified and non-modified carbon nonwovens. The results of in vitro studies showed that cells attached well and retained their good viability in the carbon nonwoven matrix. The incorporation of hyaluronic acid resulted in the enhancement of cell proliferation. The results of in vivo studies showed a faster process of tissue regeneration in the case of HA modified carbon nonwovens. The results presented indicated that HA-modified carbon materials seem to be a suitable material for the treatment of osteochondral defects.

PL

Uszkodzona chrząstka stawowa posiada słabą zdolność do regeneracji. Od lat prowadzone są badania nad zastosowaniem włókien węglowych w inżynierii tkankowej chrząstki, jako podłoży podtrzymujących wzrost komórek. Niestety długi proces odbudowy chrząstki w obrębie implantu węglowego ogranicza możliwość zastosowania włóknin węglowych w leczeniu ubytków chrzęstnych. Kwas hialuronowy (HA) jest składnikiem chrząstki odpowiedzialnym za jej właściwy rozwój oraz proces regeneracji. Modyfikacja włóknin kwasem hialuronowym może w korzystny sposób wpłynąć na własności biologiczne implantów węglowych. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań in vitro oraz in vivo nad włókninami węglowymi modyfikowanymi kwasem hialuronowym oraz nad włókninami niemodyfikowanymi. Z przeprowadzonych badań in vitro wynika, że modyfikacja włóknin węglowych kwasem hialuronowym powoduje wzrost proliferacji komórek hodowanych na tych materiałach. Natomiast wyniki badań in vivo wykazały, że proces regeneracji tkanki następuje szybciej w przypadku włóknin węglowych modyfikowanych kwasem hialuronowym niż w przypadku włóknin niemodyfikowanych. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują, że włóknina węglowa modyfikowana kwasem hialuronowym może być rozważana jako potencjalny materiał w leczeniu ubytków kostno-chrzęstnych.

20

Badanie reologiczne tkanki chrzęstnej łękotek pochodzących od zwierząt różnych gatunków

Cykowska M, Nikodem A.

Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki

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2012

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z. 6

21--26

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wytrzymałościowych tkanki chrzęstnej. Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły wyznaczyć krzywą pełzania dla tkanki chrzęstnej łękotek świni i bukata. Określone zostały także właściwości mechaniczne chrząstki stawowej. W trakcie badań zauważono, że różnice w budowie strukturalnej chrząstki stawowej pochodzących od zwierząt różnych gatunków wpływają na zachowanie się materiału oraz na wyniki pomiarów.