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Investigation of round Scots pine wood WC01 class using X-ray computer tomography

Zatoń Patrycja, Kozakiewicz Paweł, Mańkowski Piotr

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

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2022

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No. 117

97--105

EN

Investigation of round Scots pine wood WC01 class using X-ray computer tomography. Scots pine is the most widespread type of wood in Poland with wide industrial use. The typical starting material used for the production of layered floor elements are logs of WC01 class (class according to the Polish Standard PN-D-95008: 1992 and Order no 72 - GM-900-5 / 2013 of General Director of the State Forests in Poland). Using X-ray computed tomography, tests of fresh wood in the bark were carried out, confirming the full suitability of this technique for the precise assessment of wood density as well as its grain and distribution of anatomical defects (knots). The different level of humidity of sapwood and heartwood in fresh wood is visible in tomographic images and translates into a much higher recorded density of the wetter zone of sapwood. Calibration of the tomograph used made it possible to convert the Hounsfield density scale into actual densities expressed in kg/m3.

PL

Badania okrągłego drewna sosnowego klasy WC01 z zastosowaniem rentgenowskiej tomografii komputerowej. Sosna zwyczajna to najbardziej rozpowszechniony gatunek drewna w Polsce o szerokim zastosowaniu przemysłowym. Typowym surowcem wyjściowym stosowanym do produkcji warstwowych elementów podłogowych są kłody klasy WC01. Przy wykorzystaniu rentgenowskiej tomografii komputerowej przeprowadzono badania świeżego drewna w korze, potwierdzając pełną przydatność tej techniki do precyzyjnej oceny gęstości drewna a także jego słoistości i rozmieszczenia wad anatomicznych (sęków). Różny poziom wilgotności drewna bieli i twardzieli w świeżym drewnie jest doskonale widoczny w obrazach tomograficznych i przekłada na zdecydowanie wyższą odnotowaną gęstość wilgotniejszej strefy drewna bielastego. Wzorcowanie zastosowanego tomografu w danym trybie nastaw pozwoliło na przeliczenie skali gęstościowej Hounsfilda na rzeczywiste i jednocześnie praktyczne wartości gęstości wyrażone w kg/m3.

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The Shooting Tests of Target Perforating Ability, Performed on Cast Concrete Cylinders

Habera Łukasz, Hebda Kamil, Koślik Piotr, Sałaciński Tomasz

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2020

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Vol. 17, no. 4

584--599

EN

In this paper, the first results of the applicability of shaped charges with a single liner, of a conical and of an axially-symmetric elliptical shape, are compared. The shaped charges were of an analogous type. The outer diameter and the height of the shaped charges were 39 and 42 mm, respectively. The mass of the explosive (flegmatized hexogen) in these charges was 27 g. The charges with the conical liner were commercially available. All liners used in these tests were made according to the same technology, as well as being of the same material, i.e. electrolytic copper. Two series of tests were carried out for shaped charges with the elliptical liner, i.e. 11 and 12 shots, with or without a distance plate between the shaped charge and the concrete shooting model (core), respectively. For comparison, 4 shots for each of these configurations were executed for commercial shaped charges with a conical liner. The distance plate was made of mild steel and its dimensions were 50×50×10 mm. All of the concrete cores used were uniform in the shape of a cylinder, with diameter 160 ±10 mm and height 1200 ±10 mm, and were prepared in a single-batch process. The tests were completed under outdoor conditions at ambient temperature. of 0.1 mm, were used to create 3D numerical visualisation of the perforation channels in the concrete cores created by the tested shaped charges. The 3D images allowed the depths to be measured, together with the volumes and degrees of uniformity of these channels. On the basis of these images, it was determined that the volume of the perforation channels created when using shaped charges with an elliptical liner were in the range 230-557 cm3, while the volumes created by commercial shaped charges were in the range 105-201 cm3. This is because charges with an elliptically shaped liner produced longer perforation channels than their analogues with conical liners. The tested shaped charges enclosing a single liner of an axially-symmetric elliptical shape assures better opening of a hydrocarbon reservoir in the downhole conditions of oil and gas wells, as compared to its analogous traditional form, with a conical liner.

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Obrazowanie wybranych własności utworów solnych za pomocą różnych metod badawczych

Cebulski D., Urbaniec A., Kasprzyk K.

Nafta-Gaz

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2017

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R. 73, nr 4

227--235

PL

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz materiału rdzeniowego z wybranych utworów solnych, reprezentujących cechsztyńską i mioceńską formację solonośną. W celu określenia charakterystycznych parametrów i własności badanych skał solnych wykorzystano następujące metody: rentgenowską tomografię komputerową (CT), analizę w skaningowym mikroskopie elektronowym (SEM), analityczne oznaczenia składu chemicznego, fluorescencję rentgenowską (XRF) oraz dyfrakcję rentgenowską (XRD). Zastosowane metody badawcze pozwoliły określić zróżnicowanie najbardziej charakterystycznych cech analizowanych utworów.

EN

The article presents the results of well core analysis from salt rocks, representing the Zechstein and the Miocene salt formations. The following methods were applied in order to determine the characteristic parameters and properties of the analyzed salt rock: X-ray computer tomography (CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), methods of the chemistry identification, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The applied research methods helped to identify the diversity of the most characteristic features of the tested rocks.

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Application of computed tomography for an analysis of composite with fine dispersive reinforcement made of the Fe65Co10Ni3W2B20 alloy

Szlązak K., Siejka A., Szota M., Nabiałek M., Łukaszewicz A., Klimas J., Pietrusiewicz P., Błoch K.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 83, nr 1

17--22

EN

Purpose: The paper presents the results of microstructure and mechanical properties of composites resulting from a combination of powders of metallic glasses with an epoxy resin (Epidian 100). The study was performed using computed tomography. Design/methodology/approach: The filler used was made of a Fe65Co10Ni3W2B20 amorphous alloy based on, showing in the state after the formation the soft magnetic properties. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the fraction of the composite powders on the microstructure parameters (mean pore diameter and pore volume fraction) and the properties of the obtained composites. Findings: Based on the survey it was found out that size fraction used does not affect the value of the modulus of elasticity linear composites studied. It was also shown that the composites analysed in an attempt to compress the cross cracked grain boundaries. The influence fraction powders and change the share of the pore size depending on the fraction of the filler. Research limitations/implications: No studies of the magnetic properties determine the usefulness of these materials in the electronics industry. Practical implications: Practical implications are to size the test specimens in the limited range of tests. In the future, it is planned to produce samples with a larger diameter. Originality/value: The paper presents a new group of composites-based metallic glasses conditions characterised by good properties produced a simple and inexpensive method.

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Analysis of the feasibility to investigate condition of gas turbine vanes by means of the radiographic method

Chalimoniuk M., Błachnio J., Krysztofik J.

Journal of KONBiN

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2010

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No. 1 (13)

129-138

EN

.Operation of avionic turbine engines is always associated with possibility of various defects that may happen to turbine components, in particular to its vanes. The basic examination method intended to assess condition of the turbine vanes is the metallography, a destructive testing technology. The paper deals with the non-destructive test method of X-ray computer tomography (CT) that is chiefly used in medicine but is also suitable to diagnose how far the process of turbine vanes wear and tear is advanced. The computer tomography (CT) is the transmission diagnostic technique that makes it possible to obtain images of various layers within the investigated object. Application areas of this technique include also the quality control in manufacturing of technical facilities. The study presents results of assessments for gas turbine vanes with the use of the X-ray computer tomography after a specific period of the turbine operation. It was found out that the radiographic method, owing to availability of 3D images (including also internal defects) makes it possible to detect types of defects, their sizes and locations.

PL

W procesie eksploatacji lotniczych silników turbinowych występują różnego rodzaju uszkodzenia elementów turbin, a zwłaszcza ich łopatek. Podstawową metodą oceny stanu łopatek są badania metalograficzne - metoda niszcząca. W artykule omówiono stosowaną obecnie, głównie w medycynie, rentgenowską tomografię komputerową (angielski skrót: CT) oraz możliwości jej wykorzystania do diagnozowania zmian stanu łopatek turbin, jako metodę badań nieniszczących. CT jest transmisyjną techniką diagnostyczną umożliwiającą uzyskiwanie warstwowych obrazów obiektów badań. Wykorzystywana jest między innymi w procesie kontroli jakości produkcji obiektów technicznych. Przedstawiono wyniki oceny stanu eksploatowanych łopatek turbiny gazowej rentgenowską tomografia komputerową. Stwierdzono, że metoda radiologiczna wygenerowując przestrzenny obraz stanu (wad wewnętrznych) łopatek umożliwia rozpoznanie ich rodzaju, wielkości i umiejscowienia.