Spośród 7,7 mld światowej populacji 821 mln ludzi (10,9%) głoduje. Trwająca epidemia COVID-19 i spodziewany przyrost liczby ludności do ok. 9 mld w 2050 r. stwarza obawy nasilenia zjawiska głodu. W najnowszym raporcie (9.11.21 r.) po raz kolejny FAO podejmuje próby zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego milionom ludzi zamieszkujących głównie na południowej półkuli ziemskiej. Podejmowane są kolejne próby zwiększenia produkcji żywności, zwłaszcza w krajach najbardziej zagrożonych głodem. Do takich należą kraje Afryki Subsaharyjskiej, w których udział ludzi niedożywionych w populacji jest dwukrotnie większy niż średnia światowa. Omówiono założenia programu szybkiego wyprowadzenia z głodu Ugandy. Szczegółowo analizowano założenia i koszty zwiększenia produkcji podstawowych produktów żywnościowych.
EN
The problem of hunger has been affecting the people of many poor countries for many years. Of the 7.7 billion people in the world, 821 million people (10.9%) go hungry. The ongoing CO VID-19 epidemic and the expected population growth to around 9 billion by 2050 raise concerns about an escalation of this threat. In the latest report (9/11/21), FAO is once again trying to ensure food security for millions of people living mainly in the south of the globe. Further attempts are being made to increase food production, especially in the most vulnerable countries. These include the countries of sub-Saharan Africa where there are twice as many malnourished people as the world average. For example, the assumptions of the Ugandan’s recovery program were discussed. The assumptions and costs of increasing the production of basic food products were analysed in detail.
Artisanal small-scale gold mining presents numerous opportunities for Uganda's rural poor. However, it also poses serious environmental, health and safety challenges. A suite of data collection methods including interviews, focus groups discussions, water and soils sampling were used to examine the perceptions of miners on the status, prevalence and extent of mercury use in artisanal gold mining, mercury transit routes and toxicity levels of soils and water in Karamoja sub-region. It also explores the health, safety and environmental implications of artisanal small-scale gold mining in the sub-region. The findings show that trade and access to mercury is widespread; although trade in, access to and its use is highly secretive. Traders access mercury through a number of ways including smuggling across the porous borderline and formal, but covert, importation. Miners then discreetly access it through undercover sales in jewellery shops and in affluent gated communities in Uganda's capital, Kampala. Soil and water samples showed mercury levels that exceeded the minimum acceptable limits of 0.03 mg/kg and 0.006 mg/l respectively. Further, artisanal small-scale gold mining is associated with massive land clearances and landscape deformations. It has invariably scarred the countryside with piles of waste and uncovered pits that are a source of accidents and ideal breeding grounds for vectors.
Social Innovation Academy (SINA) to organizacja, która od 2014 roku pobudza mieszkańców Ugandy do przedsiębiorczości. Daje młodym, wykluczonym społecznie ludziom szansę na stworzenie własnego miejsca pracy. W obliczu odpadowego problemu, z jakim mierzy się Afryka, SINA stawia na technologię upcyklingową. Promuje budowę domów z wykorzystaniem butelek PET i gliny, z której tradycyjnie stawia się afrykańskie domy.
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In a potential armed and non-armed conflict, troops and special operations will be applied more widely than regular military formations. Experience shows that air strikes are extremely effective, particularly retaliation actions carried out using not substantial but very efficient and determined forces as for instance the Israeli assault landing on Entebbe airport, the attack on an Iraqi reactor in 1981, the attack on PLO Headquarters in Tunis in 1985. The July 1976 events showed the air force as a transport means for special troops. The air force, however, is a precise assault measure, striking into the enemy's sore points and also an element of combat actions which becomes a very vivid enforcement and deterrence means. Sophisticated air force equipment and well-trained crews allowed conducting very difficult and complex operations on objects located in a far distance. The events presented above proved that the air force is the basic means to wage special operations and holds the main position in such actions.
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